Cradoscrupocellaria floridana, VIEIRA & JONES & WINSTON, 2013

VIEIRA, LEANDRO M., JONES, MARY E. SPENCER & WINSTON, JUDITH E., 2013, <p class = " HeadingRunIn " align = " left "> <strong> <em> Cradoscrupocellaria </ em>, a new bryozoan genus for <em> Scrupocellaria bertholletii </ em> (Audouin) and related species (Cheilostomata, Candidae): taxonomy, biodiversity and distribution </ strong> </ p>, Zootaxa 3707 (1), pp. 1-63 : 22-23

Cradoscrupocellaria floridana n. sp.

( Fig. 9 , Table 2)

Scrupocellaria bertholletii Audouin : Osburn 1940: 386 (in part). [ Tortugas]

Not Acamarchis Bertholletii Audouin, 1826: 241 . [ Egypt]

Material examined. Holotype: NHMUK 2010.12 .6.2 ( Fig. 9 ), Scrupocellaria bertholletii, Colman & Tendy Collection , Dry Tortugas, Florida, USA . Paratypes: NHMUK 1931.12.19.3–4, Scrupocellaria bertholletii, Colman & Tendy Collection , Dry Tortugas, Florida, USA . NHMUK 1931.12.19.4pt, Scrupocellaria bertholletii, Colman & Tendy Collection , Dry Tortugas, Florida, USA . NHMUK 1935.11 .26.1, Scrupocellaria bertholletii, R.C. Osburn det., 2 fms (~ 4 m), Tortugas, Florida, USA .

Type locality. Tortugas, Florida, USA .

Etymology. Alluding to the type locality (Florida).

Diagnosis. Chitinous joints passing across proximal end of opesia in outer zooids at bifurcation (zooids C and D); 2 inner and 2–3 outer distal spines; scutum forked, rarely trifurcated, often bifurcating at its tip, tines very acute; distolateral avicularia absent; vibracular chamber small, rounded; rhizoid with retroussé hooks; ooecium with rounded pseudopores with raised edges.

Description. Colony erect, with branches of 3–11 zooids. Internodes slightly curved, with acute bifurcating pattern; chitinous joints passing across proximal end of opesia in outer zooids at bifurcation (zooids C and D) and across proximal gymnocyst of inner zooids (F and G). Autozooids elongate, tapering proximally and slightly curved laterally. Oval opesia occupying distal half of zooidal length; inconspicuous cryptocyst around opesia. Scutum bifurcating at 60–90°, rarely trifurcated, extending beyond midline of frontal membrane, often bifurcating at its tips, inserted at midline of inner opesial border. Distal spines short, unbranched; 2 inner and 2– 3 outer, rarely 1 median distal spine; proximalmost outer spines directed toward opercular area; axial zooid with 5–6 distal spines. Distolateral avicularium absent. Frontal avicularia dimorphic: small frontal avicularium with triangular mandible; large frontal avicularium with triangular curved rostrum proximally directed and with hooked tip, mandible slightly curved and hooked distally. Vibracular chamber present on basal surface of each zooid, inconspicuous in frontal view; chamber of vibraculum almost circular, with large rhizoidal foramen on its proximal outer corner; setal groove transverse to internode axis, straight, with smooth seta longer than one autozooid. Single axial vibraculum without rhizoidal foramen. Rhizoids tubular, with some retroussé hooks. Ovicells globular, with ectooecium perforated by 10–17 rounded pores with raised edges; ovicelled zooids with 2 inner and 3 outer spines.

Remarks. Cradoscrupocellaria floridana resembles C. calypso n. sp., C. curacaoensis , C. jamaicensis n. sp. and C. normani n. sp. in having zooids without distolateral avicularia, but differs in possessing a bifurcated scutum with forked distal tips, robust dimorphic avicularium and ovicells with rounded pseudopores with raised edges.

Distribution. Atlantic Ocean: USA (Florida: Tortugas); from shallow waters.

Figures

FIGURE 9. Cradoscrupocellaria floridana n. sp. A–F, NHMUK 2010.12.6.2, holotype, Florida. A, Frontal surface of colony. B, Frontal surface of branches with ovicelled zooids. C, Close-up of a branch; note the dimorphic frontal avicularia and the ooecia with pores having raised edges. D, Close-up of ovicelled zooid and one frontal avicularium; note the forked scutum with forked, acute tips. E, Abfrontal surface of colony. F, Abfrontal surface of branch bifurcation.