Graphium (Pazala) mandarinus ( Oberthür, 1879 )

Hu, Shao-Ji, Cotton, Adam M., Condamine, Fabien L., Duan, Kuang, Wang, Rong-Jiang, Hsu, Yu-Feng, Zhang, Xin & Cao, Jun, 2018, Revision of Pazala Moore, 1888: The Graphium (Pazala) mandarinus (Oberthür, 1879) Group, with Treatments of Known Taxa and Descriptions of New Species and New Subspecies (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae), Zootaxa 4441 (3), pp. 401-446 : 431-432

Graphium (Pazala) mandarinus ( Oberthür, 1879)

( Figure 25 )

[ Papilio ] Glycerion variété géographique Mandarinus Oberthür, 1879 , Étud. d’Ent., 4: 115; TL: “Moupin” [= Baoxing, W. Sichuan, China]. Type locality restricted to Moupin by lectotype designation as stated above. The name mandarinus is treated as a noun meaning a Mandarin rather than an adjective, as recommended by Gerardo Lamas (pers. comm.) since there is no clear indication in the original description.

Diagnostic characters: Size varies among subspecies, the nominate subspecies is the largest, ssp. kimurai very slightly larger than ssp. fangana which is the smallest, and ssp. stilwelli ssp. nov . is intermediate and variable in size, some specimens are quite small and some larger. Both wings whitish and less glossy. Forewing, termen straight or slightly concave in the middle; greyish scales scattered between the 8th and 9th forewing bands. Hindwing, the “8”-shaped twisted discal black bands complete on the underside.

Male genitalia ( Figure 26 ): In total male genitalia of 19 specimens, comprising two individuals of ssp. fangana , five individuals of ssp. kimurai , six individuals of ssp. stilwelli ssp. nov ., and six individuals of ssp. mandarinus , were dissected. Moderately to heavily sclerotised. Ring wavy in the upper half; saccus well developed; distance between the base of socii 0.50–0.64 mm (mean = 0.56 ± 0.05, n = 19), without significant variation between subspecies. Valve round shaped, the dorsal terminal harpe with almost straight edge and acute but not elongate tip (blunt in sichuanica and hoeneanus nom. nov., stat. rev. and elongate in garhwalica stat. nov.); the dorsal subterminal harpe moderate in size (similar to that of daiyuanae sp. nov.), isolated or reaching the base of the tip of the dorsal terminal harpe (joining the tip of dorsal terminal harpe in garhwalica stat. nov.; smaller and completely isolated in paphus stat. nov., sichuanica , and hoeneanus nom. nov., stat. rev.; larger in confucius sp. nov.), the medial harpe straight, the dorsal projection finger-shaped (some with blunt or serrate end) (similar to that of paphus stat. nov. and daiyuanae sp. nov.; flat in garhwalica stat. nov., sichuanica , and hoeneanus nom. nov., stat. rev.); with or without a small tooth in the middle of the medial harpe.

Female genitalia ( Figure 27 ): In total female genitalia of 4 specimens (including two ssp. kimurai , one ssp. fangana , and one ssp. mandarinus ) were dissected, the general characters among subspecies are consistent. Lamella postvaginalis small; lamella antevaginalis broad horizontally, lined with weakly sclerotised longitudinal striae; ostial lobe heavily sclerotised, forming a triangular lobe with sharp end in lateral view, while the posterior margin shallowly concave in the middle, with a small short spur at each tip.

Figures

FIGURE 25. Three known subspecies of G. (P.) mandarinus (Oberthür, 1879) from Sichuan and Indo-China; upperside in the first row, underside in the second row; scale bar = 10 mm. A: ssp. kimurai Murayama, 1982, ♂, Doi Inthanon, Chiang Mai, N. Thailand; B: ssp. kimurai Murayama, 1982, ♂, Mt. Ashaemyinanaukmyin, W. Shan State, Myanmar; C: ditto, ♀; D: ssp. fangana (K. Okano, 1986), ♂, Doi Pu Meun, Chiang Mai, N. Thailand; E: ditto, ♀; F: ssp. mandarinus, ♂, Baoxing, W. Sichuan. China; G: ssp. mandarinus, ♀, Daba Shan, W. Sichuan. China.

FIGURE 26. Male genitalia of G. (P.) mandarinus mandarinus (Oberthür, 1879) from Baoxing, Sichuan, W. China; scale bar = 1.0 mm. All: genitalia as a whole, R.: lateral view of ring, TSU: dorsal view of tegumen, socii, and uncus, V. right valve, Ae.: lateral view of aedeagus, Ju.: ventral view of juxta.

FIGURE 27. Female genitalia of G. (P.) mandarinus mandarinus (Oberthür, 1879) from Daba Shan, Sichuan, W. China; lateral view above, ventral view below; scale bar = 1.0 mm.