Psychomasina violina, Kvifte, 2015

Kvifte, Gunnar M., 2015, Review of the genus Psychomasina (Diptera: Psychodidae: Psychodinae), with descriptions of two new species, Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (suppl.) 55 (2), pp. 495-503 : 499-501

Psychomasina violina sp. nov.

( Figs 6–9, 11 )

Type material. HOLOTYPE: ♁, ‘ MADAGASCAR: 10 km SW of Ranomafana (21°16’03’’ S 47°25’30’’ E), 980 m. a.s.l., 4.XI.2003, F. Menzel leg.ʼ (coll. SDEI).

Diagnosis. Psychomasina violina can be separated from all other Psychomasina species by the eyebridges separated by 0.25 facet diameters; wing veins without expanded areas, gonostylus with a single subapical sensillum and with indistinct terminal hook, and distal phallomeres of aedeagus without mesal teeth but with a single lateral spine ( Figs 6–8 ).

Description. Male (n = 1). Head ( Fig. 6 ) slightly wider than long, vertex covering about 0.3 of total head length; six pairs of postocular setae present on dorsal side, reaching third facet column from middle; eyebridge comprised of four rows of facets, separated by 0.25 facet diameters; interocular suture present, U-shaped with pronounced edges; frontal scar patch trapezoid, posteriorly with line of hairs reaching interocular suture; sides of frons area sharply delimited from rest of face by keels; clypeus with weak anterior U-shaped notch; labellae bulbous with around eight setae; only first palp segments preserved, length of first palpomere 94.5.

Antennae not completely preserved; scapus cylindrical, pedicel round; flagellomeres asymmetrically nodiform with node rounded conical; length of preserved antennal segments 105: 70: 160: 150; ascoids not preserved.

Thorax poorly preserved; dorsum, anepisternum and scutellum densely setose; laterotergite and anepimeron sparsely haired; postpronotum, katepimeron, proepimeron, katepisternum and meron bare; coxae each with dorsal stripe of setae, mid coxae with strong mesal protuberance covered in pores (as in Fig. 3 ); legs otherwise not present.

Wing ( Fig. 7 ) 2.38 mm long, 0.92 mm wide; costa with single break, thickened basally over S c; S c elongate, weakly curved, almost reaching C; R 5 terminating below wing apex; radial fork distal to medial fork, apex of CuA 2 distal to radial fork; jugum broadly triangular.

Genitalia ( Fig. 8 ) with hypandrium narrow, connected at sides to narrow gonocoxal condyle bridge, together appearing like a membranous structure with anterior and posterior margins sclerotized; gonocoxite about half length of gonostylus; dorsally without sclerotized projections but with mesal elongate seta; gonostylus curved laterally; bulbous at base, with long tube-shaped main shaft with pointed apex; setiform sensillum present subapically; aedeagus with basiphallus narrow in dorsal and ventral views, distally Y-shaped; distiphallus consisting of two symmetrical S-shaped phallomeres jointed to basiphallus; aedeagus with basolateral joint with ventral epandrial plate and mediodistal lateral spine; parameral sclerite elongate V-shaped, more than twice as long as distiphallus; epandrium ( Fig. 9 ) about as wide as long; with single median oval aperture; ventral epandrial plate membranous, U-shaped; surstyli of even width throughout length, slightly curved in the dorsoventral plane, with 15 tenacula in single group inserted distally; tenacula nearly as long as surstylus, with apices appearing frayed; proctiger consisting of membranous oval epiproct (not illustrated) and trilobate micropilose hypoproct with median lobe of rounded V-shape and lateral lobes angulate; area of surstylus flanking proctiger with mesal darkened notch.

Biology. The type specimen was collected near a small brook in a primary alpine rainforest in Southern Madagascar. The holotype of Psychomasina armata was collected in similar habitats, but four degrees further north.

Etymology. Named after Latin violina , violin, because the distal phallomeres resemble the F-holes of a violin. The name is to be treated as a noun in apposition.

Remarks. With the description of Psychomasina violina sp. nov., 27 species of Psychodidae are known from Madagascar; including 13 species of Psychodinae , 13 of Phlebotominae and one species of Trichomyiinae ( QUATE 1957, JEŽEK 2004, DEPAQUIT et al. 2008, RANDRIANAMBININTSOA & DEPAQUIT 2013, RANDRIANAMBINTSOA et al. 2014).

Figures

Figs 6–12. 6–9 – Psychomasina violina sp. nov., holotype, male. 6 – head; 7 – wing; 8 – aedeagus and gonopods; 9 – epandrium and proctiger. 10–12 – aedeagal joint shape in Psychomasina spp.: 10 – P. paedagogica sp. nov., 11 – P. violina sp. nov., 12 – P. armata Ježek, 2004 (Fig. 12 redrawn from JEŽEK 2004). For abbreviations see Material and methods. Length of scale bars in μm: 100 (6, 8, 9) 250 (7)

Figs 1–5. Psychomasina paedagogica sp. nov., holotype, male. 1 – head; 2 – wing; 3 – mid coxa; 4 – aedeagus and gonopods; 5 – epandrium and proctiger. For abbreviations see Material and methods. Length of scale bars in μm: 100 (1, 4, 5), 250 (2), 50 (3)