Rubus kaznowskii Kosinski & Ziel., 2021

Kosinski, Piotr, Malinski, Tomasz, Nobis, Marcin, Rojek-Jelonek, Magdalena, Tomaszewski, Dominik, Dering, Monika & Zielinski, Jerzy, 2021, Rubus kaznowskii (Rosaceae), a new bramble species from south-central Poland, PhytoKeys 185, pp. 27-41 : 27

publication ID	https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.185.71193
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/28D7246C-4847-5A05-B0C0-F7EDC4BF636C
treatment provided by	PhytoKeys by Pensoft
scientific name	Rubus kaznowskii Kosinski & Ziel.
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Rubus kaznowskii Kosinski & Ziel. sp. nov.

Figs 1 View Figure 1 , 2 View Figure 2 , 3 View Figure 3 , 4 View Figure 4 , 5 View Figure 5

Type.

Poland. Łódź Province: Łask District, 250 m SE of Gucin village , alongside the road in the pine forest, 186 m alt., 51°32'46"N, 19°14'54"E, 14 Jul 2014, P. Kosiński & J. Zieliński s.n.(holotype: KOR 51366 View Materials ; isotype: KOR 55451 View Materials ) GoogleMaps .

Diagnosis.

Rubus kaznowskii can be mistaken for the similar R. gothicus . However, it differs from the latter species in several aspects. Primocanes of R. kaznowskii are pruinose and covered with usually smaller and slightly curved (not straight) prickles, more numerous hairs and stalked glands. Prickles on the petiole are strongly curved and smaller. Similarly, the inflorescence axis in R. kaznowskii is covered by smaller prickles and usually more numerous stalked glands than that in R. gothicus . The serration of leaf blade margins is more regular and finer; the apex of the terminal leaflet is more gradually narrowed and shorter. The abaxial surface of the lamina (yellowish when dry) is covered by a denser indumentum and has distinct whitish, protruding veins. Although indumentum in both species consists predominantly of fasciculate hairs, their proportion to simple hairs in R. kaznowskii is higher than that in R. gothicus . The lack of long hairs in the indumentum, both fasciculate and simple, allows distinguishing R. kaznowskii not only from R. gothicus but also from other Polish representatives of Subthyrsoidei . For detailed differences between R. kaznowskii and R. gothicus , see Table 1 View Table 1 .

Some similarities may link R. kaznowskii with two other species from the series Subthyrsoidei , R. holandrei P.J. Müller (= R. grossus H.E.Weber) and R. storhii H.E.Weber & M.Ranft., which has not been found in Poland until now. Both species differ from R. kaznowskii by the absence of stalked glands on the vegetative stems ( R. kaznowskii - usually numerous), less hairy leaf undersides, straight or slighty curved prickles on the petioles ( R. kaznowskii - hooked), and flower colours: the former has white, and the latter pink petals ( R. kaznowskii - white or pinkish-white and pinkish in the bud).

Description.

Shrub, usually up to 70 cm tall. First-year stems low arching, 4-6(-8) mm in diameter, angulate, with flat sides (sometimes slightly furrowed or bluntly angled), flushed violet-red or purple on the side exposed to the sun, more or less pruinose, without or with scattered 0.4-0.6-mm long fasciculate hairs (up to 15 per 1 cm length of stem side); stalked glands and acicles up to 0.4 mm long, rather numerous: usually 5-15(-25) per 1 cm length of stem side; prickles somewhat uneven and shorter than stem diameter, (2.5-)3-5(-6) mm long, quite numerous, 10-15(-19) per 5 cm of stem length, usually little curved, rarely straight and declining, abruptly tapering from the 2.5-3.5-mm broad base; intermixed with sparse to quite numerous stout small prickles. Leaves on the first-year stem moderately large (14-)18-20(-25)-cm long, 5-foliolate, indistinctly pedate, with flat or somewhat convex (when alive) leaflets arrangement; leaflets partly imbricate with flat or slightly convex/concave laminas; matt green and subglabrous above (with 0-10 adpressed simple hairs per 1 cm2, especially towards leaf margin and on main veins, and with scattered subsessile glands); light or whitish- or yellowish-green and soft to the touch beneath because of dense indumentum (50-90% of the intercostal area) of fasciculate hairs and less numerous simple hairs, with clearly visible bright and protruding veins. Terminal leaflet lamina (7-)8-10(-11)-cm long, usually ovate and widest below the middle (37-50% of its length); shallowly cordate at the base, gradually narrowed, with an apex 8-15 mm long; petiolule moderately, (17-)20-35(-39) mm, long (25-35% of its lamina length). Basal leaflets mostly sessile or sometimes with short petiolules up to 1-2 mm long; their lamina narrowly ovate to obovate, usually shorter than petioles (about 90% of their length on average). Leaf margin periodically serrate, with incisions 2-3(-5) mm deep, sometimes with 1-2 quite distinct lobes near the middle of the lamina; teeth usually triangular, broader than long, with a thin narrow apex. Petioles sparsely hairy, with scattered stalked glands and usually with 9-13 strongly curved, 1-2-mm long prickles. Stipules filiform, with scattered hairs and stalked glands. Inflorescence up to 20-30 cm long, broadly paniculate, rounded near apex, with erectopatent lateral branches up to 7-10 cm long; usually leafless above, with 3(-5)-foliolate leaves below. Inflorescence axis hairy with adpressed small fasciculate (stellate) hairs and scattered longer both fasciculate and simple hairs; stalked glands 50-80 per 1 cm of the axis length, 0.2-0.5 mm long; prickles usually 5-10 per 5 cm of axis length, declining, slender, subulate, slightly curved, 2-3 mm long (1-2 × as long as the axis thickness). Flower pedicels (5-)10-20(-25) mm long, densely hairy and with 40-80 stalked glands; prickles 4-8(-14), slender, slightly curved and declining, 1-2 mm long. Sepals patent after anthesis, 6-9 mm long, grey-green-felted with numerous stalked glands and several pricklets on the outer surface. Petals white or pinkish-white, wrinkled, broadly ovate or obovate, 12-13 mm broad and 14-16 mm long; often present an additional, incomplete whorl composed of smaller petals. Stamens longer or as long as the yellowish-green styles; anthers glabrous, yellowish-white; filaments whitish. Carpels glabrous or sparsely hairy, receptacle usually with long hairs protruding among carpels. Flowering June-July.

Genome size.

The nuclear DNA content of R. kaznowskii is 2C = 1.43 ± 0.01 pg. Comparison of its PI fluorescence with triploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid Rubus species, of which ploidy was previously established by chromosome counting, revealed that R. kaznowskii is DNA tetraploid. In the European Rubus flora, tetraploids predominate (2n = 28) ( Kollmann et al. 2000; Potter et al. 2007; Krahulcová et al. 2013; Sochor et al. 2015, 2019). Tetraploidy also prevails in the ser. Subthyrsoidei . In Poland, there are only two pentaploid species of the series, R. kuleszae Ziel. and R. wahlbergii Arrh., which are distinguished from their remaining representatives by larger leaves ( Zieliński 2004).

Eponymy.

The epithet " Rubus kaznowskii " refers to Kazimierz Kaznowski (1876-1943), teacher, naturalist and batologist from the Świętokrzyskie (Holy Cross Mts) region (Poland); the oldest known herbarium specimen of R. kaznowskii was collected by him.

Distribution and ecology.

Rubus kaznowskii is a regionally distributed bramble species. The distance between outermost stands reaches more than 190 km. More than two-thirds of all its stands are located in the Kielce Upland, and one-fifth of them in the Central Masovian Upland, between the Warta and Vistula rivers. It was confirmed in nine AFE units: 34UDB4, 34UEB2, 34UDB1, 34UCC4, 34UDB3, 34UEB1, 34UDB2, 34UEB3, 34UEC2 (Fig. 6 View Figure 6 ). The elevation of R. kaznowskii stands ranges from 135 to 325 m. A more detailed map of the distribution of the species in the ATPOL grid is presented in Suppl. material 1: Fig. S1.

The species occurs mainly on rusty soils (brunic arenosols), in semi-dry to mesic habitats of mixed coniferous and mixed broadleaf forests, preferring open places with favourable light conditions: along forest margins and in clearings and in roadside thickets, among others (Suppl. material 1: Figs S6, S7).

Preliminary conservation status.

Rubus kaznowskii is a moderately hemerophilic species. No pressures or threats are evidenced. According to IUCN Criteria ( IUCN 2021), we propose to include it in the category of Least Concern (LC).

Specimens examined.

Poland. Łódź Province, Łask District: 2 km N of Kamostek, pine-oak forest, roadside thickets, 181 m a.s.l., 51°31'46"N, 19°04'12"E, 10 Sep 2019, P. Kosiński, T. Maliński & J. Zieliński ( KOR 55452 View Materials ); Opoczno District: Wierzchowisko, roadside thickets, 228 m a.s.l., 51°13'04.26"N, 20°13'04.45"E, 23 Aug 2010, A. Trojecka-Brzezińska (KRA); Piotrkow District : 0.5 km NW of Poniatów, broadleaved forest margin, 203 m a.s.l., 51°23'55.33"N, 19°45'02.22"E, 14 Jul 2014, P. Kosiński & J. Zieliński ( KOR 51359 View Materials ); NW outskirts of Poniatów, edge of the brdoadleaved forest, 203 m a.s.l., 51°23'55"N, 19°45'02"E, 14 Jul 2014, P. Kosiński & J. Zieliński ( KOR 51357 View Materials ); SEE of Piotrków Tybunalski, edge of the pine plantation on mixed deciduous forest habitat, 203 m a.s.l., 51°23'46"N, 19°45'29"E, 24 Aug 1999, J. Zieliński ( KOR 41323 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Mazovia Province, Białobrzegi District: Ksawerów Stary, roadside thickets, 135 m a.s.l., 51°38'58"N, 21°07'42"E, 13 Sep 2019, P. Kosiński, T. Maliński & J. Zieliński ( KOR 55454 View Materials ); Ostrowiec District : Łysowody near Ćmielów, roadside thickets, 203 m a.s.l., 50°54'22"N, 21°33'55"E, 8 Aug 2002, R. Piwowarczyk (KRA 0354524); Radom District : W of Młodocin Mniejszy, pine forest, 194 m a.s.l., 51°20'25"N, 21°01'10"E, 3 Aug 2005, M. Nobis (KRA); E outskirts of Waliny, alongside the railway and road with the ditch, 189 m a.s.l., 51°21'07.8"N, 21°00'37"E, 4 Aug 2005, M. Nobis (KRA); 2.8 km SSE of Maliszów, mixed coniferous forest, 194 m a.s.l., 51°16'08"N, 21°07'53"E, 30 Aug 2002, M. Nobis (KRA); Kolonia Dąbrówka Zabłotnia, pine forest margin, 182 m a.s.l., 51°19'06.52"N, 21°03'17.71"E, 24 Jun 2003, M. Nobis (KRA 0318820); Kresy near Wierzbica, railway gorge, 203 m a.s.l., 51°16'22.55"N, 21°01'21.32"E, 23 Jun 2003, M. Nobis (KRA 0318832); 2 km W of Pakosław, pine-oak forest, 220 m a.s.l., 51°12'22.23"N, 21°07'58.29"E, 2 Jul 2004, M. Nobis (KRA 0317627); S of Malczew, sandpit, 179 m a.s.l., 51°21'23.68"N, 21°09'55.12"E, 27 Aug 2005, M. Nobis (KRA 0365787); Skarzysko District : N of Kierz Niedźwiedzi, forest margin, 228 m a.s.l., 51°10'53"N, 20°57'06.6"E, 10 Aug 2003, M. Nobis (KRA 0318815); Szydlowiec District : Szydłowiec, roadside thickets near the artificial lake, 219 m a.s.l., 51°13'07.16"N, 20°51'20.65"E, 22 Jul 2003, M. Nobis (KRA 0320963); 1 km N of Zaława, roadside thickets, 205 m a.s.l., 51°16'04.64"N, 20°45'59.97"E, 22 Jun 2004, M. Nobis (KRA 0317573 & 0317574); between Aleksandrów and Budki I, roadside thickets/forest margin, 242 m a.s.l., 51°12'50.98"N, 20°46'18.60"E, 25 Aug 2003, M. Nobis (KRA 0318819); Wymysłów, roadside thickets, 218 m a.s.l., 51°14'09.39"N, 20°49'08.00"E, 1 Aug 2003, M. Nobis (KRA 0318822); Wola Zagrodnia, roadside thickets, 226 m a.s.l., 51°14'43.59"N, 20°44'49.88"E, 11 Jun 2003, M. Nobis (KRA 0321855); Lipienice, alongside railway and road, 205 m a.s.l., 51°14'45.8"N, 20°58'41.6"E, 18 Aug 2002, M. Nobis (KRA); W part of Gąsawy Rządowe Niwy, forest margin, 240 m a.s.l., 51°11'57.64"N, 20°55'29.66"E, 31 Jul 2003, M. Nobis (KRA 0320129); Gąsawy Rządowe, forest margin, 237 m a.s.l., 51°12'16.47"N, 20°56'46.8"E, 8 Aug 2003, M. Nobis (KRA 0318823); Zwolen District : 0.5 km NWW of Górki, pine plantation on the mixed deciduous forest habitat, 161 m a.s.l., 51°19'59"N, 21°35'39"E, 13 Sep 2019, P. Kosiński, T. Maliński & J. Zieliński ( KOR 55453 View Materials ); Przyłęk, alongside the forest road with ditch, 143 m a.s.l., 51°18'30"N, 21°44'50"E, 1 Aug 2012,? ( KOR 55461 View Materials ); Świętokrzyskie Province, Jedrzejow District : 3 km NW of Zagórze, roadside thickets, 259 m a.s.l., 50°36'41.4"N, 20°10'33.7"E, 8 Aug 2011, B. Piwowarski (KRA); 2 km E of Małogoszcz, 1 km N of Bocheniec, pine-oak forest, 249 m a.s.l., 50°48'37"N, 20°18'27"E, 11 Jun 2011, G. Łazarski (KRA 0472546); Kielce District : 5.8 km NNW of Mniów, 300 m of Gliniany Las, silver fir forest/hornbeam-oak forest, 325 m a.s.l., 51°01'50"N, 20°24'28"E, 23 Aug 2012, M. Podgórska ( KOR 55457 View Materials ); 0.5 km NNE of Milechowy, pine-oak forest, 262 m a.s.l., 50°49'38"N, 20°20'10"E, 4 Sep 2014, G. Łazarski (KRA 0472934); between Szewce and Łaziska, forest margin, 306 m a.s.l., 50°51'00.23"N, 20°27'41.69"E, 15 Jul 2014, P. Kosiński & J. Zieliński ( KOR 51383 View Materials ); 2 km SW of Łaziska, Piekoszów, thickets at the edge of the wet, mixed forest, 313 m a.s.l., 50°51'29"N, 20°20'10"E, 2 Aug 2012, G. Łazarski (KRA 0472550); W of Niestachów, slopes of Mt Otrocz , pine plantation on the mixed deciduous forest habitat, 321 m a.s.l., 50°50'24"N, 20°42'60"E, 28 Jun 1934, K. Kaznowski ( KOR 10598 View Materials ); between Raków and Sadków, edge of the pine plantation on the mixed deciduous forest habitat, 276 m a.s.l., 50°42'40.07"N, 21°03'33.83"E, 17 Jul 2014, P. Kosiński & J. Zieliński ( KOR 51365 View Materials ); Masłów, pine plantation on the oak forest habitat, 328 m a.s.l., 50°54'30"N, 20°42'30"E, 12 Aug 1987, J. Zieliński ( KOR 31452 View Materials ); Stara Słupia, roadside thickets, 319 m a.s.l., 50°51'37.7"N, 21°04'35.5"E, 16 Sep 1986, R. Kapuściński (SKPN); Słowik, roadside thickets, 244 m a.s.l., 50°50'08"N, 20°32'24"E, 5 Jul 1932, K. Kaznowski ( KOR 10609 View Materials ); Konskie District : 2 km NE of Gaworczów, wilderness “Kopaczka”, thermophilous oak forest, 264 m a.s.l., 51°17'34"N, 20°27'34"E, 20 Jul 2012, M. Podgórska ( KOR 55458 View Materials ); 1 km W of Cisownik, clearing of pine and hornbeam-oak forests, 290 m a.s.l., 51°05'17"N, 20°25'07"E, 18 Jul 2010, M. Podgórska (KRA); Opatow District : 2.2 km S of Julianów, edge of the pine-oak forest on the mixed deciduous forest habitat, 194 m a.s.l., 50°52'50"N, 21°36'50"E, 13 Sep 2019, P. Kosiński, T. Maliński & J. Zieliński ( KOR 55457 View Materials ); Ostrowiec District : Łysowody near Ćmielów, roadside thickets, 215 m a.s.l., 50°54'07"N, 20°26'32"E, 8 Aug 2002, R. Piwowarczyk (KRA 0354532); Łysowody near Ćmielów, roadside thickets, 215 m a.s.l., 50°54'20"N, 21°33'20"E, 8 Aug 2002, R. Piwowarczyk (KRA 0354531); Skarzysko District : 1.5 km S of Grzybowa Góra Mała, roadside thickets/pine forest margin, 237 m a.s.l., 51°7'30.42"N, 20°56'29.80"E, 30 Jun 2003, M. Nobis (KRA 0318817); Skarżysko-Kamienna, Piękna street, roadside thickets, 228 m a.s.l., 51°07'12.37"N, 20°54'24.81"E, 21 Aug 2003, M. Nobis (KRA 0318828 & 0318829); Starachowice District : Jagodne Małe, forest margin, 227 m a.s.l., 51°08'44.49"N, 20°59'41.41"E, 11 Jul 2003, M. Nobis (KRA 0320966 & 0320965); Marcinków, railway embankment, 228 m a.s.l., 51°05'34.88"N, 20°58'54.03"E, 9 Aug 2003, M. Nobis (KRA 0320960); Wąchock, thickets by ruins of the manor house, 214 m a.s.l., 51°4'41.9"N, 21°00'55"E, 29 Jul 2002, M. Nobis (KRA); W of road between Lubienia and Marcule, along the road in the mesic deciduous forest, 242 m a.s.l., 51°04'23.88"N, 21°11'41.77"E, 7 Aug 2002, M. Nobis (KRA 0322795 & 0322796); Szydlowiec District : S of Barak Niwy, roadside thickets/forest margin, 252 m a.s.l., 51°10'49.45"N, 20°51'31.49"E, 26 Jun 2003, M. Nobis (KRA 0318818); Gąsawy Rządowe Niwy, roadside thickets/forest margin, 237 m a.s.l., 51°11'25.89"N, 20°56'41.12"E, 11 Jul 2003, M. Nobis (KRA 0318824) GoogleMaps .