Gomphostemma hirsutum Walsingham

Bongcheewin, Bhanubong, Ingrouille, Martin J. & Paton, Alan J., 2022, A revision of Gomphostemma (Lamiaceae), Kew Bulletin 77 (1), pp. 27-92 : 55

13. Gomphostemma hirsutum Walsingham

(in Walsingham & Bramley 2010: 280); Walsingham (2019: 199). Type: Malaysia, Sabah, Ranau?istr., Kampung Menggis, 29 Aug. 1993, Rumtom [Rumutom] 122 (holotype K [K000259561]; isotype KEP n.v.).

Herb up to 1 m tall. Stems dark brown or black, erect, obtusely quadrangular with longitudinal grooves, densely tomentose with a mixture of dendroid hairs with multicelled stalk, stellate hairs with a 1-celled or multi-celled stalk and multi-celled simple hairs. Leaoes petiolate, chartaceous; blades elliptic-obovate, narrowly elliptic or narrowly ellipticoblanceolate, 12 – 26 × 3 – 8 cm, apex acute, margin shallowly dentate, base attenuate; upper side with simple hairs; lower side pale green tomentose with a mixture of branched hairs confined to midrib; petioles 10 – 30 mm long. Inflorescence axillary with opposite cymes sessile, unbranched then congested with axis not visible between flowers, inserted at the upper nodes at which leaves are usually present; verticils 1 – 3-flowered; bracts narrowly ovate or straight falcate, 6 – 10 × 1 – 2 mm, upper side adpressed hirsute or sometimes with bifurcate hairs, lower side with stellate hairs and/or simple hairs; bracteoles linear, 3 – 6 mm long. Flowering calyx infundibular, 10 – 13 mm long, 10-ridged, outside with long simple hairs and long branched hairs, inside adpressed simple hairs; tube 3 – 5 mm long; lobes triangular, 3 – 6 mm long, apex acuminate. Fruiting calyx not seen. Corolla white or creamywhite, 23 – 23 mm long, throat inflated, abruptly dilated near the throat, outside tomentose with stellate hairs, inside glabrous; tube slender, incurved, 20 – 33 mm long; posterior lip ovate, 3 – 8 mm long, apex and margin slightly undulate; anterior lip 3-lobed, longer than posterior lip; median lobe 3 – 9 mm long, apex and margin slightly undulate; lateral lobes shorter than median lobe. Staminal filaments fleshy, sparse tomentose. Style slender, slightly shorter than corolla with apex subequally lobed. Nutlets not seen [round white berries: Darnton 183 (BM)].

DISTRIBUTION. Malaysian Borneo (Sabah). Map 3 .

SPECIMENS EXAMINED. MALAYSIA. SABAH. Ranau?istr.: 310 m [1500 ft], 16 Feb. 1932, Darnton 183 (BM); Bukit Kulung near Bukit Hampuan at SE base of Mt Kinabalu, 3°39&N 116°21&E, 530 m, 8?ec. 1983, 3eaman 5558 (US); near Poring Hot Springs, Kipungit-Langanan Falls trail, 6°3&N 116°22&E, 630 – 530 m, 6 Aug. 1990, 3eaman 10893 (K); Kampung Takutan [6.1165°, 116.5165°], 2 Sept. 1993, Tadong 322 (K); Kampung Menggis, 29 Aug. 1993, Rumutom 122 (holotype K); Lahad?atu?istr.: Borneo Rainforest Lodge, Hornbill trail, Borneo Rainforest Lodge, 2°39&20”N 115°30&11”E, 6 July 2006, de Kok et al. SAN 125232 (K); ?anum Valley Road, near km 23 [3.2152°, 118.3925°], 10 June 1989, Campbell EC9 (E).

HABITAT. In shade and hilly areas of secondary forest, disturbed primary rainforest, lowland forest, dipterocarp forest; alt. 310 – 530 m.

CONSERVATION STATUS. Endangered (EN B1ab(iii)) (Walsingham & Bramley 2010).

PHENOLOGY. Flowering July – September. Fruiting August – February.

NOTES. Gomphostemma hirsutum is a distinctive species recognised by having long white simple hairs, stellate hairs, and dendroid hairs on the flowering calyx, narrow bracts, 1 – 2 mm wide, subtending cymes. It is endemic to Borneo (Sabah). However, the Chinese species, G. stellatohirsutum C.Y.Wu is similar to the Borneo species by having dark or dark brown stems with long dendroid hairs but lacks long simple hairs on the flowering calyx.

Figures

Map 3. Distribution range of Gocphostecca chinense, G. curtisii, G. flexuosuc, G. grandifloruc, G. hainanense and G. hirsutuc.