Aleiodes gonodontivorus Shaw & Shimbori, 2020

Shaw, Scott R., Shimbori, Eduardo M. & Penteado-Dias, Angelica M., 2020, A revision of the Aleiodes bakeri (Brues) species subgroup of the A. seriatus species group with the descriptions of 18 new species from the Neotropical Region, ZooKeys 964, pp. 41-107 : 41

Aleiodes gonodontivorus Shaw & Shimbori sp. nov. Figs 41-47

Type material.

Holotype, female (UWIM) "COSTA RICA: Puntarenas Pen. Osa, 23 km N. Pto. Jimenez, La Palma, 10m viii.ix.1991, P. Hanson Malaise, in large trees."

Paratype data: 1 female (CNCI) Voucher: D.H. Janzen & W. Hallwachs, DB http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu, Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, COSTA RICA, 08-SRNP-56870, DHJPAR0029068. 17 females (pinned) with same data as except database code numbers as follows: 02-SRNP-15182; 02-SRNP-16572; 04-SRNP-22853; 05-SRNP-21738, DHJPAR0009352; 05-SRNP-57663, DHJPAR0009351; 06-SRNP-33504, DHJPAR0016434; 07-SRNP-21855, DHJPAR0021131; 07-SRNP-55246, DHJPAR0016925; 07-SRNP-55995, DHJPAR0021153; 07-SRNP-57169, DHJPAR0021156; 07-SRNP-55235, DHJPAR0016919; 07-SRNP-56915, DHJPAR0021154; 08-SRNP-21657, DHJPAR0028027; 08-SRNP-21975, DHJPAR0028034; 08-SRNP-21658, DHJPAR0028026; 08-SRNP-21742, DHJPAR0028035; 08-SRNP-56872, DHJPAR0028025 [BOLD ID: replace: ASHYE262-08; additional data: Sector Mundo Nuevo, Vado Huacas, 10.755 -85.391, 490 m, ex. Gonodonta fulvangula ( Erebidae ), 3.viii.2008, J. Cortez col.] (CNCI). 6 males (pinned) with same data except code numbers as follows: 90-SRNP-1226; 94-SRNP-6152; 07-SRNP-56881, DHJPAR0021155; 08-SRNP-21758, DHJPAR0028028; 08-SRNP-21980, DHJPAR0028029 (CNCI). 5 females (in alcohol vials) with same data except code numbers as follows: 05-SRNP-58906, DHJPAR0021181; 06-SRNP-22766, DHJPAR0029041; 08-SRNP-57558, DHJPAR0029063; 08-SRNP-56966, DHJPAR0029060; 08-SRNP-57556, DHJPAR0029062 (CNCI). 4 males (in alcohol vials) with same data except code numbers as follows: 06-SRNP-32956, DHJPAR0029042; 06-SRNP-32931, DHJPAR0029049; 08-SRNP-56881, DHJPAR0029066 [BOLD ID: replace: ASHYF744-09; additional data: Sector Mundo Nuevo, Vado Huacas, 10.755 -85.391, 490 m, ex. Gonodonta fulvangula ( Erebidae ), 4.viii.2008, D. Guadamuz col.]; 08-SRNP-56740, DHJPAR0029065 (CNCI). 1 female, Mexico, Campeche, Escárcega, El Tormento, 18°36'30.1"N, 90°48'45.7"W, ex. Gonodonta nitidimacula on Piper amalago , 25. 8. 2018, D. Campos. 1 male (INBIO) "P.N. Manuel Antonio, 80 m, Quepos, Prov. Punt., COSTA RICA, May 1993. G. Varela. L-S 370900, 448800"; 1 male (MZUSP) "Brasil: BA: Andarai, Mata Carrasco (Castanha), 13-14.XII.1990 Brandão, Diniz & Oliveira"; 1 female (DCBU #21872) "BIOTA - FAPESP Recife, PE, Brasil Pque. Estadual de Dois Irmãos 21.VII.2002 Varredura - Amostra 1 S.T.P. Amarante e equipe col."; 1 female (DCBU #21873), same data except "... 22.VII.2002 ... Amostra 7."

Description.

Body length 6.5-8.1 mm. Fore wing length 5.6-6.2 mm.

Head (Figs 42 , 43 , 45 ). In dorsal view eye length/temple 3.6-4.5. Eye height/head width 0.41-0.43. Eye height/minimum distance between eyes 1.2-1.4. OD/POL 2.9-3.8. OD/OOL 2.3-3.8. Frons excavated. Frons lateral carina present; W-shaped carina present or absent, usually poorly defined. Occipital carina dorsally complete and curved (Fig. 45 ). Occiput in dorsal view weakly indented medially. Occipital carina ventrally meeting hypostomal carina. Mid-longitudinal crest at upper face present. Hypoclypeal depression/face width 0.35-0.39. Malar space/eye height 0.15-0.19. Face height/width 0.68-0.76. Clypeus height/width 0.67-0.69. Clypeus convex, granulate. Sculpture of head mostly granulate. Face transversely rugose-striate around median crest.

Antenna. Antennal segments 52-54. Antenna/body length 1.1-1.2. Scape/pedicel length 2.3-2.6. Length of first/second flagellomere 1.0-1.2. Fourth flagellomere length/apical width 1.5-1.6. Tip of apical segment of antenna pointed, or nipple-shaped.

Mesosoma. Length/height ~ 1.6. Width of mesoscutum/width of head 0.7-0.8. Mesoscutum length/width ~ 1.1. Pronotal collar/vertex 0.9. Prescutellar sulcus with complete mid-longitudinal carina plus two or three pairs of lateral carinae more or less defined, or entirely costate, lateral carina oblique and nearly reaching anterior border. Mesoscutum posterior border with distinct complete carina. Metanotum with complete mid-longitudinal carina, sometimes interrupted at middle; carinate posterior pit sometimes bisected by carina. Metanotum mid-pit present, delimited by carinae. Mid-longitudinal carina of propodeum nearly complete. Ventral mid-line of mesopleuron set within shallow smooth sulcus; pit at ventral mid-line present, shallow. Notauli weakly indicated anteriorly, indistinctly crenulate. Sternaulus weakly indicated anteriorly, rugose. Sculpture of mesosoma mostly granulate. Pronotum granulate-rugose laterally, pronotal groove curvedly crenulate anteriorly, short subventral longitudinal carina present. Mesopleuron rugose below subalar groove. Subalar groove crenulate. Mid-posterior region of mesoscutum rugose, with a short mid-longitudinal carina posteriorly. Mesoscutellar trough entirely costate. Metanotum costate. Propodeum mostly rugose.

Wings (Figs 44 , 47 ). Fore wing: Stigma length/height 3.4-3.6. Vein r/2RS 1.2-1.3. Vein r/RS+Mb 1.2-1.4. Vein 3RSa/2RS 1.4-1.7. Vein 3RSa/2M 0.79-0.86. Vein 3RSa/3RSb 0.32-0.43. Vein 1CUa/1CUb 0.9-1.0. Vein 1CUa/2CUa 1.6-1.9. Vein 1cu-a weakly inclivous. Vein 1M weakly curved basally. Vein RS+Ma distinctly curved. Vein M+CU virtually straight. Vein 1-1A sinuate. Vein 1a absent. Second submarginal cell trapezoidal. Subbasal cell glabrous, with two parallel rows of short setae subapically, and a narrow patch of setae just below vein 1CUa. Basal cell with more or less large glabrous region posteriorly, sometimes with sparse setae; costal and apical regions evenly setose. Hind wing: Vein RS bent at basal 0.3, with vein r present. Marginal cell narrowest at base. Vein M+CU/1M 1.5-1.7. Vein M+CU/r-m 1.3-1.4. Vein m-cu present, spectral. Vein m-cu position relative to vein r-m interstitial, or antefurcal. Vein 2-1A absent. Basal cell sparsely setose, bare posteriorly.

Hind legs. Femur length/width 5.0-5.3. Length of tibia/tarsi 0.9-1.0. Length of basitarsus/tarsi 2-4 0.70-0.75. Sculpture of hind coxa dorsally shiny granulate, apically striate. Tarsal claws not pectinate.

Metasoma. T1 length/apical width 1.1-1.2. T2 length/apical width 0.7-0.9. T3 length/apical width 0.5-0.6. Mid-longitudinal carina extending until basal 0.7 of T3. Metasoma sculpture T1, T2 and basal 0.7 of T3 rugose-costate, or sculpture weaker at T3, remainder terga granular-coriaceous. Ovipositor sheath/hind basitarsus 0.3-0.5. Apex of ovipositor sheaths roughly rounded with distinct apical point (Fig. 46 ).

Color. Brownish yellow. Stemmaticum black. Antenna with basal 14-16 flagellomeres black, apical segments yellow; pedicel black; scape black, ventrally brownish yellow. Wings weakly tinged yellow; stigma pale yellow, most veins yellow but veins 1M at basal half, apex of 2CUb, and sometimes vein r brown; faint infuscate areas around base of vein 1M and below apex of vein 1-1A. Ovipositor sheaths dark brown.

Male. Essentially as in female, 10-16 black basal flagellomeres. Body length 6.6-7.3 mm; fore wing length 5.4-5.6 mm; antenna with 50 segments.

Diagnosis.

Aleiodes gonodontivorus resembles A. nigristemmaticum (Enderlein) but is readily recognizable by the distinctly and abruptly contrasting bicolored antenna (Fig. 41 ). In A. nigristemmaticum specimens the flagellum is dark basally but becomes gradually lighter over many flagellomeres. Aleiodes gonodontivorus may also be easily distinguished by the short second submarginal cell (Fig. 44 ), and the fore wing vein r being distinctly longer than vein 2RS (Fig. 44 ). In A. nigristemmaticum the veins r and 2RS are of similar length. Aleiodes gonodontivorus is also similar to A. lidiae but these two species can be easily separated by the characters given in couplet 17 of the key and they are also discussed in the diagnosis for A. lidiae .

Biology.

Parasitoids of caterpillars of Gonodonta bidens (Geyer) [8-SRNP-57556, 57558], G. correcta Walker [06-SRNP-32931], G. fulvangula (Geyer) [4-SRNP-22853; 7-SRNP-21855, 5691557169; 8-SRNP-21738, 21742, 21758, 21975, 21980, 56740, 56870, 56872, 56881, 56966], G. immacula ( Guenée) [8-SRNP-58906; 90-SRNP-1226], G. incurva (Sepp) [2-SRNP-15182; 5-SRNP-57663; 6-SRNP-22766, 33504; 7-SRNP-55235, 55246, 55995; 8-SRNP-21657, 21658; 94-SRNP-6152], G. maria ( Guenée) [7-SRNP-56881], G. nitidimacula Guenée, G. pyrgo (Cramer) [2-SRNP-16752], and G. uxor (Cramer) [6-SRNP-32956] ( Erebidae , Calpinae ), which feed on species of Piper ( Piperaceae ), Annona ( Annonaceae ) and on Ocotea veraguensis ( Lauraceae ).

Distribution.

Aleiodes gonodontivorus is known from localities in Costa Rica and Brazil.

Etymology.

The name is from Gonodonta Hubner, 1818 (a genus of moths in the family Erebidae and a recorded host for this new species), and the Latin word vorus meaning to eat or devour.

Figures

Figures 41 - 47. Aleiodes gonodontivorus sp. nov. 41 lateral habitus 42 head, anterior view 43 head, lateral view 44 wings 45 head, dorsal view 46 apex of metasoma showing ovipositor and sheath with apical point 47 fore wing basally.