Deretaphrus erichsoni Newman, 1855

Lord, Nathan P. & McHugh, Joseph V., 2013, A Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Deretaphrus Newman, 1842 (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea: Bothrideridae), The Coleopterists Bulletin (mo 12) 67, pp. 1-107 : 25-27

Deretaphrus erichsoni Newman, 1855

( Figs. 44 , 55–56 , 64 , 96–97 , 134–135 , 147 , 177 , 197–198 )

Deretaphrus erichsoni Newman in Wollaston and Newman, 1855: 211. Pascoe 1862: 461–462; Masters 1871: 79; Blackburn 1903: 120, 129; Carter and Zeck 1937: 200–201.

Deretaphrus granulipennis Reitter, 1877: 342 . Lea 1898: 550; Blackburn 1903: 120, 129. Synonymized by Blackburn 1903: 129.

Deretaphrus ericksoni: Blackburn 1903: 126 , 130. Misspelling, no status.

Diagnosis. This species can be readily distinguished from congeners by the numerously interrupted elytral interstitial intervals near the apex forming multiple granulose denticles, abdominal ventrite V with a bulbous swelling near the posterior margin in females, the nearly glabrous antennae, the sub-quadrate pronotum, the pronotal disc with at most a weak median longitudinal depression, and the orange to reddish color. It most closely resembles D. wollastoni . For comments on similarities and differences in relation to D. wollastoni , see the diagnosis under that species.

Redescription. Length 6.3–8.5 mm. Width 1.7–2.4 mm. Body elongate, parallel, orange to dark red; dorsal surface moderately shiny, glabrous; ventral surface moderately shiny, with moderately long setae that arise from punctures. Head: In dorsal view, rounded anteriorly; with laterally expanded supra-ocular ridges; eyes partially concealed from above; posterior margin of eye meets a distinct strip of abruptly raised cuticle; punctures small and dense except sparse along posterior margin. Frontoclypeal suture distinct, straight medially, faintly impressed, suture darker than surrounding area. Anterior margin of clypeus slightly arcuate medially. Submentum shape similar to Fig. 50 ; short and transverse, distinctly separated from subgenal braces, without paired setose pits; anterior margin arcuate, inflexed medially, slightly expanded anteroventrally over oral cavity, palpi visible, mentum concealed; anterolateral angles rounded. Antennal groove well-developed, impunctate. Antenna appearing glabrous except under high magnification, segments 3–11 with a single transverse row of minute setae; setae on antennal club segments arising near the apex. Antennal club slightly asymmetrical, leading edge of club segments much more inflated than trailing edge. Sensilla on distal surface of antennal club segments not restricted to within cupules. Dorsal surface (external face) of mandible without median setose groove. Thorax ( Fig. 64 ): Pronotum quadrate, widest near anterior ¼; dorsal surface strongly convex; anterior margin straight; anterior angles distinct; base narrower than elytral bases; posterior margin weakly sinuate; posterior angles with small denticle; lateral margin with incomplete carina, forming a distinct raised border in dorsal view, carina more distinct for anterior half, terminating anteriorly at anterior angles, before the true anterior margin of the pronotum. Pronotal disc with moderately large, dense punctures. Pronotal median longitudinal depression weakly developed, surface of pronotal disc only slightly depressed along midline, with no hint of anterior fovea; longitudinal depression slightly wider and deeper posteriorly, forming two small vague keels on either side of midline. Hypomeron large, less densely punctate than on pronotum, punctures slightly larger than found on pronotal disc; lateral walls nearly vertical. Prosternum convex medially, strongly deflexed laterally, before tergosternal suture. Prosternum gradually raised posteriorly, then depressed immediately anterior to procoxae. Tergosternal suture nearly straight. Elytra ( Figs. 96–97 ): Elytron convex; interstitial intervals 3–9 shiny, raised from base until apical 1/3, then becoming interrupted into numerous prominent denticles or granules. Apical elytral margin rugose. Basal elytral margin with intervals 3 and 5 not ending in distinct knob-like protuberance; finger-like callosity on the elytral shoulder indistinct. Legs: Setation sparse; inner face of tibia glabrous. Ventral apex of tibia with 2 pockets of dense setae that arise on either side of the large, curved tibial spur. Tarsus sparsely setose except for 2 pockets of dense setae on the ventral surface at the apex of tarsomeres 1–3. Abdomen: Abdomen with moderately long setae. Ventrite V simple in males, bulbous swelling near posterior margin in females ( Figs. 134–135 ). Punctures on ventrite V smaller and denser than on ventrites I–IV. Aedeagus: Phallobase as in Fig. 147 . Tegmen consisting of paired, subtriangular plates at middle; plates narrowly touching medially. Basal piece with short anterolateral struts; struts strongly curved anteriorly. Parameres moderately long, broadly rounded, well-separated and individually articulated to phallobase, internal lateral margins arcuate; paramere sparsely setose with short setae at apical margin; dorsal surface of paramere with moderately developed, subtriangular process; process evenly curved, narrowing anteriorly, slightly longer than 1/3 the length of the paramere, apex slightly swollen; processes widely separated, parallel medially. Penis similar to Fig. 169 ; short, moderately thick, more or less straight; apex narrowed and pointed; base slightly expanded, bearing short, paired anterior struts. Penis bicolored, lighter in basal 1/3.

Variation. The color varies from dark orange to dark red, and the surface luster ranges from matte

to shiny. In some, the pronotal median longitudinal canal is slightly more impressed.

Distribution. Australia: New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, and Victoria ( Fig. 177 ).

Biology. Several specimens were collected under the bark of E. mannifera . One specimen was collected in a flight intercept window trough trap [ANIC 104NL].

Remarks. Neither Newman (1855) nor Reitter (1877) mentioned the number of specimens examined of D. erichsoni and D. granulipennis , respectively. In order to stabilize these names, lectotypes are here designated for Deretaphrus erichsoni Newman and Deretaphrus granulipennis Reitter from the syntype series of those species. There is a specimen in the Museum für Naturkunde, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin [MNHUB 6NL, examined] bearing the label data: “ Tasmania // 1916 26 // ♀ // PARATYPUS // Deretaphrus erichsoni tasmanica Hze det. Dr. E. Heinze 1942”. This specimen was probably meant to be a paratype for a subspecies ( D. erichsoni tasmanica ), but no formal description was ever published by Heinze.

Type Locality. Deretaphrus erichsoni: Adelaide , South Australia ; Deretaphrus granulipennis : New South Wales.

Type Material Examined. Deretaphrus erichsoni . LECTOTYPE ( Figs. 197–198 ) ( BMNH, cardmounted) label data: “Type [round label with orange border] // Adelaide [handwritten on blue round label] 54 / 70 [handwritten on underside] // Erichsoni Newman [in Newman’ s hand] // Acc. No. [18] 54.70 [handwritten] det. R.G. Booth 2011.” [ BMNH 42 NL, examined]. Sex not determined.

Deretaphrus granulipennis . LECTOTYPE ( Figs. 199–200 ) ( MNHN, card-mounted) label data: “ Deretaphrus Nov. Gallia [in Reitter’ s hand] // EX. COLL. REITTER // TYP. REITTER // Deretaphrus granulipennis m. [written in Reitter’ s hand]” [ MNHN 1 NL, examined]. Sex not determined.

Additional Material Examined (145). AUSTRALIA: AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TER- RITORY (A.C.T.): Black Mountain ( ANIC 83 NL, ANIC 87 NL, ANIC 104 NL, ANIC 203 NL, ANIC 230 NL, ANIC 232 NL); Canberra, Yarralumla, Stirling Park ( ANIC 242 NL). NEW SOUTH WALES: Armidale ( ANIC 269 NL); Black Bob’ s Creek, 11 km. SW of Moss Vale ( ANIC 126 NL); Bluegate, near Yanco ( AMSA 10 NL); Buxton ( AMSA 15 NL); Coolah Creek ( ANIC 287 NL); Goulburn ( ANIC 193 NL, ANIC 286 NL); Kurrajong ( MVMA 8 NL); Numeralla, 1 km. W ( ANIC 201 NL); Queanbeyan, 9 Km NE ( ANIC 245 NL); Sydney ( BMNH 44 NL); The Creel, Mount Kosciuszko ( ANIC 306 NL, MCZ 20 NL); Tumut River ( BPBM 42–46 NL, CASC 133 NL); Wagga

Wagga ( MAMU 17 NL); Warung ( BPBM 47 NL); Werrikimbe National Park, Mooraback Camp ( ANIC 135 NL); Wog Wog, 35 Km NE of Braidwood ( ANIC 197–198 NL); Yass ( AMSA 16–17 NL); no locality ( MAMU 14–15 NL, MAMU 19 NL). SOUTH AUSTRALIA: Adelaide ( SAMA 12–13 NL, SAMA 30 NL, SAMA 256 NL, SAMA 264 NL), Adelaide, Montecute Heights, NE Adelaide ( CUIC 9–10 NL); Aldgate ( MCZ 18 NL); Belair National Park ( SAMA 257 NL); Cape Torrens Conservation Park, 1 km. S ( SAMA 266 NL); Deep Creek Conservation Park ( SAMA 258 NL); Kangaroo Island ( SAMA 265 NL); Lucindale ( SAMA 16–20 NL, SAMA 260 NL); Mount Lofty Ranges ( AMSA 11–13 NL, AMSA 82 NL, SAMA 23–27 NL, SAMA 261 NL, SAMA 263 NL); Mylor ( SAMA 29 NL); Myponga ( SAMA 262 NL); Nuriootpa ( SAMA 215 NL, SAMA 240 NL); no locality ( BMNH 46–47 NL, MAMU 13 NL). TASMANIA: Hobart ( ANIC 89 NL, BMNH 50 NL, SAMA 31–32 NL, USNM 59 NL); Launceston ( AMSA 20 NL); Trevallyn Dam ( ANIC 68 NL, ANIC 138 NL); no locality ( AMSA 14 NL, BMNH 51 NL, FMNH 1 NL, MNHUB 6 NL, SAMA 21–22 NL, SAMA 288 NL). VICTORIA: Benalla ( BPBM 13–14 NL); Cheltenham ( BMNH 52 NL); Eltham ( MVMA 18–20 NL); Fern Tree Gully ( BMNH 53 NL); Gippsland ( ANIC 90 NL); Glenfyne ( AAIC 5–6 NL); Healesville ( SAMA 259 NL); Leopold ( ANIC 42 NL); Lilydale ( MVMA 26 NL); Melbourne ( ANIC 79 NL, BMNH 43 NL, SAMA 283 NL); Moe ( ANIC 217 NL, ANIC 276 NL); Mordialloc ( MVMA 16 NL); Oakleigh ( QDPI 9 NL); Port Phillip ( BMNH 54 NL); Portland ( QMBA 31–33 NL); Red Hill ( AAIC 7 NL); Warburton ( MAIC 8 NL); Woori Yallock ( ANIC 196 NL); Yarragon ( ANIC 221 NL); no locality ( ANIC 91 NL, MNHUB 4–5 NL, MVMA 21–23 NL, QMBA 36 NL). STATE UNKNOWN: Emerald District ( MVMA 9 NL); Jenolan Caves vicinity ( SAMA 14 NL); Mittayay ( ANIC 80 NL); no locality ( ANIC 84 NL, ANIC 86 NL, ANIC 88 NL, BMNH 45 NL, BMNH 48 NL, BMNH 49 NL, FMNH 20 NL, MCZ 19 NL, MVMA 7 NL, MVMA 10–15 NL, MVMA 17 NL, MVMA 24 NL, OUMNH 24 NL, QDPI 10 NL, SAMA 28 NL).

Figures

Figs. 44–47. Deretaphrus species, antenna showing setal density. 44) D. erichsoni, right antenna; 45) D. interruptus, right antenna; 46) D. puncticollis, left antennal club; 47) D. interruptus, left antennal club.

Figs. 54–56. Deretaphrus species, morphology. 54) D. puncticollis, prosternum; 55) D. erichsoni, right protibia and protarsus; 56) D. erichsoni, right mesotibial spurs.

Figs. 57–65. Deretaphrus species, pronotum. 57) D. aequaliceps; 58) D. alveolatus; 59) D. analis; 60) D. antennatus;

Figs. 94–99. Deretaphrus species, elytra, dorsal and lateral views. 94–95) D. carinatus; 96–97) D. erichsoni;

Figs. 132–139. Deretaphrus species, abdominal apex. 132) D. analis, ventral view (either sex); 133) D. piceus, ventral view (either sex); 134) D. erichsoni, female, ventral view; 135) D. erichsoni, female, oblique lateral view; 136) D. hoplites, female, ventral view; 137) D. xanthorrhoeae, male, ventral view; 138) D. xanthorrhoeae, female, ventral view; 139) D. xanthorrhoeae, female, posterior view.

Figs. 140–148. Deretaphrus species, phallobase. 140) D. aequaliceps; 141) D. alveolatus; 142) D. analis;

Figs. 177–178. Distribution of Deretaphrus species. 177) D. aequaliceps, D. erichsoni, D. iridescens, and D. ocularis;

Figs. 192–200. Primary type specimens and specimen labels of Deretaphrus species. 192) D. boliviensis, holotype labels; 193–194) D. bucculentus, holotype, AMSA; 195–196) D. carinatus, holotype, WAMP; 197–198) D. erichsoni, lectotype, BMNH; 199–200) D. granulipennis, lectotype, MNHN.

Figs. 48–53. Deretaphrus species, head capsule, ventral view, showing setae and shape of submentum. 48) D. ignarus;

Figs. 165–172. Deretaphrus species, penis (left: dorsal view; right: lateral view; phallobase, to scale with penis). 165) D. boliviensis; 166) D. bucculentus; 167) D. gracilis; 168) D. hoplites; 169) D. ignarus; 170) D. oregonensis; 171) D. parviceps; 172) D. puncticollis.