Plyomydas peruviensis Wilcox and Papavero, 1971: 108

Castillo, Stephanie & Dikow, Torsten, 2017, Taxonomic revision of Plyomydas Wilcox & Papavero, 1971 with the description of two new species and its transfer to Mydinae (Insecta: Diptera: Mydidae), Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 61 (2), pp. 192-202 : 196-197

Plyomydas peruviensis Wilcox and Papavero, 1971: 108

ZooBank F954F6B0-BC56-4C16-BB82-0D2734030993

Plazi TreatmentBank 511087CB-FFCB-276D-FC9D-67B4FB8EFD41

Figs. 12–14 , 21–23 , 27

Diagnosis: The species is distinguished from congeners by the scutal pubescence pattern with three distinct grey pubescent stripes (no spots, Fig. 12 ), the presence of a grey pubescent stripe on the posterior anepisternum ( Fig. 13 ), and its distribution in coastal Peru ( Fig. 27 ).

Description: Head: brown, facial gibbosity light brown, in general grey pubescent; width distinctly greater than thorax, interocular distance on vertex larger than at ventral eye margin, vertex between compound eyes slightly depressed, parafacial area very narrow, facial gibbosity nearly touching median eye margin; facial gibbosity distinct, well-developed and discernible in lateral view; mystax yellow, sparse; frons not elevated, entirely grey pubescent; vertex entirely grey pubescent; postgena lightly grey pubescent; setation: vertex yellow, frons brown or light brown, ocp setae yellow, pocl macrosetae light brown; ocellar triangle apubescent; proboscis brown, long, reaching fronto-clypeal suture; labellum large, much wider than prementum, longer than prementum and as long as oral cavity, unsclerotized laterally; maxillary palpus cylindrical, light brown, about ¼ length of proboscis.

Antenna: brown, bulbous part of postpedicel light brown, scape and pedicel brown setose dorsally and ventrally; postpedicel cylindrical in proximal 2/5, symmetrically bulbous in distal 3/5, ≥5.0 times as long as combined length of scape and pedicel, bulbous part brown setose dorsally and ventrally; apical seta-like sensory element situated apically in cavity on postpedicel.

Thorax: light brown, predominantly apubescent with distinct grey pubescent scutal stripes and pleural spots; scutum uniformly brown, surface predominantly smooth, postero-paramedially rivose, predominantly grey pubescent, apubescent paramedian and median stripes (not reaching posterior margin), scutal setation comprised of pubescent stripes short black setose; dc setae pre- and postsuturally brown, acr setae absent, lateral scutal setae brown, npl setae 0, spal setae 0, pal setae 0; antepronotum dorsomedially smooth (without any indentation); postpronotal lobe light brown, grey pubescent; proepisternum, lateral postpronotum, and postpronotal lobe short brown setose; scutellum lightly grey pubescent, laterally densely grey pubescent, brown setose, apical scutellar setae absent; mesopostnotum, anatergite, and katatergite lightly grey pubescent, asetose, katatergite elevated and smoothly convex; anterior anepisternum lightly grey pubescent, asetose, supero-posterior anepisternum grey pubescent, asetose; posterior anepimeron short brown setose, katepimeron asetose; metanepisternum grey pubescent, asetose, metepimeron evenly elevated, same color as T1, grey pubescent, asetose; infra-halter sclerite absent.

Leg: light brown to brown, setation predominantly brown; pro, mes, and met coxa lightly grey pubescent, brown setose; met trochanter setose medially; femur light brown, met femur ± cylindrical only slightly wider than pro and mes femur, in distal ½ macrosetose, 1 antero-ventral and 1 postero-ventral row of macrosetae, postero-ventrally long brown setose; pro and mes tibia laterally arched, met tibia straight, met tibia cylindrical, ventral keel absent, postero-laterally regular setose; pro and mes tarsomere 1 longer than tarsomere 2, but less than combined length of tarsomeres 2–3, met tarsomere 1 as long as combined length of tarsomeres 2–3; pulvillus well-developed, as long as welldeveloped claw, and as wide as base of claw; setiform empodium absent.

Wing: length = 10.7–13.0 mm; slightly brown stained throughout, veins brown, microtrichia absent; cells r1, r4, r5, m3, + cup closed except r5 open; C well-developed, around entire wing; R4 terminates in R1; R5 terminates in R1; stump vein (R3) at base of R4 present, long but not reaching R2; R4 and R5 ± parallel medially; rm distinct, R4 + 5 and M1 apart, connected by crossvein; M1 curves slightly anteriorly at r-m, M1 (or M1 + M2) terminates in C; M4 and CuA split proximally to m-cu (cell m3 narrow proximally); M3 + M4 terminate together in C (reaching wing margin); CuP straight, cell cup wide, CuP and wing margin further apart proximally than distally; alula well-developed, very large and partly overlapping with scutellum medially; halter light brown.

Abdomen: brown to metallic bluish-black; setation comprised of sparsely scattered short brown setae, surface entirely smooth; T1–7 brown with narrow yellow posterior margin; T1 long light brown setose, T2–7 sparsely brown setose; T1 lightly grey pubescent, T2–7 apubescent; S1 brown with light brown posterior margin, S2–6 brown with narrow yellow posterior margin; S1 asetose, S2–7 sparsely black setose; S apubescent; T2–4 parallel-sided and not constricted waist-like; bullae on T2 black, transversely elongate, surface entirely smooth, T2 surface anterior to bullae smooth.

F* abdomen: No female was available for detailed study.

Type locality: Peru: Lima: Lima, 12◦03Ɩ00ƖƖS 077◦02Ɩ00ƖƖW (−12.05 −77.03333).

Material examined: Peru: Ica: 1F * Eglise de Pisco , 13◦42Ɩ 36ƖƖS 076◦ 12Ɩ 12ƖƖW, −13.71 −76.20333, 1954-12-29, Dorst ( AAM- 001235 , MNHN) ; La Libertad: 1M * Cartavio , 07◦53Ɩ 30ƖƖS 079◦ 13Ɩ 22ƖƖW, −7.89167 −79.22278, 0000-00-00, Smyth, E. ( AAM- 003729 , Paratype, AMNH) ; 1M * Cartavio , 0000-00-00, Smyth, E. ( AAM-003730 , Paratype, AMNH) ; Lima: 1M * Lima , 12◦03Ɩ 00ƖƖS 077◦ 02Ɩ 00ƖƖW, −12.05 −77.03333, 1939-02-08, Weyrauch, W. ( MZSP-MZ001668 , Holotype, MZSP) ; 1M * Lima , 1968-01-15, Picho, H. ( MZSP-MZ003836 , Paratype, MZSP) ; 1F * Lima , 1969- 02-11, Razuri, V. ( MZSP-MZ003837 , Paratype, MZSP) ; 1M * Lima , 1939-02-08, Weyrauch, W. ( CNCDiptera198085 , CNC) ; 1M * Lima , 1948-04-00 ( AAM-003005 , MUSM) ; 1M * Hacienda Chuquitanta , 12◦04Ɩ 32ƖƖS 076◦ 57Ɩ 00ƖƖW, −12.07556 −76.95, 1974-03-10, Lamas, G., Medina, N. ( AAM-003742 , MUSM) ; 1M * Antioquia , 12◦04Ɩ49ƖƖS 076◦30Ɩ36ƖƖW, −12.08028 −76.51, 1975-01-11, Garcia, R. ( AAM- 003737 , MUSM) ; 1M * La Molina , 12◦ 04Ɩ 54ƖƖS 076◦55Ɩ 45ƖƖW, −12.08167 −76.92917, 280 m, 1966-03-11, Garcia, R. ( AAM- 003769 , MUSM) ; 1M * La Molina , 280 m, 1966-03-11, Garcia, R. ( AAM-003731 , MUSM) ; 1F * no locality data ( BMNH(E)1202927 , BMNH) .

Distribution and biodiversity hotspot: Coastal Peru ( Fig.27 ). Not known to occur in any biodiversity hotspot.

Remarks: The description above is based on male specimens only because no females were available for detailed study to provide an updated F* description and inclusion in this manuscript although three specimens (see above) had been studied several years ago and can be unambiguously assigned to this species. Sexual dimorphism is most likely minimal as in the other species and the female terminalia will most likely be identical to P. adelphe sp. nov. and P. phalaros sp. nov. The female specimen in the BMNH (BMNH(E)1202927) was apparently studied by Macquart and labeled Mydas peruvianus , but never described as a new species by him.

Figures

Figs.12–14. Photographsof male Plyomydas peruviensis (AAM-003731):(12) dorsal (Morphbank #860772); (13) same,lateral (#860774); (14) same,headanterior (#860776). Scale line= 5 mm.

Figs. 21–26. Male terminalia of Plyomydas species: (21) Plyomydas peruviensis (AAM-003729), lateral; (22) same, dorsal; (23) same, ventral; (24) Plyomydas phalaros sp. nov. paratype (CASENT8380022), lateral; (25) same, dorsal; (26) same, ventral. Scale line =1 mm, setation omitted. Figshare DOI 10.6084/m9.figshare.4490474.

Fig. 27. Map of South America with elevational relief and biodiversity hotspots (in grey) showing distribution of Plyomydas adelphe sp. nov. (orange), P. peruviensis (yellow), and P. phalaros sp. nov. (blue). Type localities plotted with square symbols. Map data available in Google Earth KML file 6102and also through GBIF (data-set 7f2de377-9f9f-4276-b0b8-5c792b499223, DOI 10.15468/tiymja).