Vitronura ciliata, Wan, Ya-Ru, Wang, Wen-Bin & Jiang, Jigang, 2016

Wan, Ya-Ru, Wang, Wen-Bin & Jiang, Jigang, 2016, New Neanurinae (Collembola: Neanuridae) from Central China, Zootaxa 4139 (2), pp. 183-196 : 187-190

Vitronura ciliata sp. nov.

Figs. 8–14 , Tab. 3–5

Type material. Holotype (male) and 8 paratypes (7 females and 1 male) on slides, China, Hunan Province, Changde City, Hefu forest park (29º03’021”N, 111º39’932”E), ca 50m a.s.l., under leaves at a small ditch in forest, 7.iv.2011, leg.: JiGang Jiang, Ya-Ru Wang and Wan-Jun Yu (collection number: J2012040701). All types deposited in Zoology Key Laboratory of Hunan Higher Education, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde, China.

Description. Body length: males 1.9 mm, females 1.9–2.4 mm. Body color: red alive and white in alcohol.

Head: eyes 2+2, black ( Fig. 8 ). Antenna equal to diagonal of the head. Ant. I and II with 7 and 12 Chaetae respectively. Ant. III dorsally fused to Ant. IV. Ant. III organ consists of 2 microsensilla and 2 long sensilla (sgd and sgv); sgd is inserted near the sensory rods, not moved forward to Ant. IV. Ventral ms present. Ant. IV with trilobed apical bulb, dorsally with 8 S, i- chaeta, 12 mou 5 chaetae d and or ( Fig. 11 ). Labrum distally not ogival, chaetotaxy as 0/2, 2. Labium, with 2 x and 11 Chaetae ( Fig. 12 ). Mandible with 5 teeth, 3 of them very small ( Fig. 10 ). Maxilla crochet-like ( Fig. 9 ). Cephalic tubercles and chaetotaxy shown in Fig. 8 and Tab. 3 , dorsal macrochaetae and mesochaetae similar to those on thorax and abdomen, strongly ciliated and apically blunt or sharp. Microchaetae smooth and pointed. All dorsal cephalic tubercles (except Dl+L+So) independent.Tubercle Cl with 2 Mc and 2 me. Tubercle An with 2 Mc and 2 mi. Tubercle Fr with 2 Ml and 1 mi (O-chaeta). Tubercle Di on head with 1 Ml, tubercle De with 1 Ml and 1 me. Tubercle (Dl+L+So) with 3 Ml and 8 me.

Thoracic and abdominal tubercles and chaetotaxy as in Fig. 8 , 14 and Tab. 4 . Tubercle De on Th. III shown in Fig. 13 . Chaetae formula of tubercle Di on Th. I–Abd. V as 1, 3, 3/2, 2, 2, 2, 3. Sensory chaetae and s-microchaeta formula on Th. I–Abd. V as 0, 2+ms, 2/1, 1, 1, 1, 1. Abd. VI bilobed, and hide below Abd. V. Di tubercle on Abd. V with 1 Ml, 1 Mc and 1 me ( Fig. 1 ). Each tubercle of abd. VI with 7 chaetae (4 Ml and 3 me).

Appendages: Ventral tube with 4+4 chaetae ( Fig. 14 ). Furcal vestige with 4 chaetae ( Fig. 14 ). Unguis without inner or lateral tooth. Chaetotaxy of legs, ventral tube and furcal rest shown in Tab. 4 .

Terga Legs Etymology. The name of the new species derived from its ciliated macrochaetae and mesochaetae.

Remarks. The new species is very similar to Vitronura setaebarbulata Gao et al., 2012 . Both species have 2+2 eyes, O-chaeta on tubercle Fr, no teeth on claw, and strongly barbulate chaetae on dorsum of body. However, V. ciliata sp. nov. can be differentiated from the latter by having only 2 chaetae on cephalic tubercle Oc (Oca-chaeta is absent), two chaetae on cephalic tubercle De and 5 teeth on mandible. The latter has 3 chaetae on cephalic tubercle Oc (Oca-chaeta is present), three chaetae on cephalic tubercle De and about 7 teeth on mandible. Nine paratypes (seven females and two males) of V. setaebarbulata were checked, nearly all individuals have three chaetae on tubercle Dl of Abd. IV, it is similar to the new species ( Fig. 22 ). The new species is also similar to Vitronura mandarina ( Yosii, 1954) . Both species have 2 chaetae on cephalic tubercle Oc, O-chaeta on cephalic tubercle Fr, 1 chaeta on tubercle Di of Th. I and no inner tooth on claw. However, the new species can be distinguished from the latter by having 5 teeth on mandible and ciliated chaetae on body (vs. only 3 teeth on mandible and smooth chaetae on body in the latter). Viewing from the morphology, the new species is also similar to African species V. joanna Coates, 1968 . Both species have 2+2 eyes; O-chaeta on tubercle Fr; no inner tooth on claw; 2 chaetae on cephalic tubercle De. However, Vitronura ciliata sp. nov. differs from V. joanna by having ciliated macrochaetae and mesochaetae, 2 chaetae on tubercle Oc, 5-toothed mandible and by Abd. VI hiding below Abd. V. The latter has smoothed macrochae and mesochaetae on body, 3 chaetae on tubercle Oc, 6-toothed mandible and Abd. VI not hides below Abd. V. The strongly ciliated macrochaetae and mesochaetae makes V. ciliata sp. nov. looking like V. shaanxiensis Jiang & Yin, 2011 . But the former differs from the latter by having Ochaeta on chephalic tubercle Fr and 3 chaetae on each tubercle L of Th. II–Abd. III. The latter has not O-chaeta on chephalic tubercle Fr and has 2 chaetae on each tubercle L of Th. II–Abd. III. Diagnostic characters between the new species and some similar species of the genus see Tab.5 .

Figures

FIGURE 1. Vitronura paraacuta sp. nov. Total dorsal chaetotaxy (50 µm).

FIGURE 8. Vitronura ciliata sp. nov. Total dorsal chaetotaxy (100 µm).

FIGURES 9 – 14. Vitronura ciliata sp. nov. 9, Maxilla. 10, Mandible. 11, Antenna. 12, Maxilla. 13, Right De tubercle of Th. III. 14, Ventral chaetotaxy of abdomen (9 – 13, 20 µm; 14, 100 µm).

FIGURE 22. Vitronura setaebarbulata Gao et al., 2012, Tubercles and chaetotaxy of Abd. IV (100 µm).

Tables

TABLE 3. Cephalic tubercles and chaetotaxy of Vitronura ciliata sp. nov.

Tubercle	Number and type of chaetae	Names of chaetae
Cl	2 Mc 2 me	F G
An	2 Mc 2 mi	B, E C, D
Fr	2 Ml 1 mi	A O
Oc	2 ML or Ml+Mc	Ocm, Ocp
Di	1 Ml	Di1
De	1 Ml 1 me	De1 De2
Dl +L+So	11 (3 Ml+8 me)	Uncertain

TABLE 4. Body tubercles and chaetotaxy of Vitronura ciliata sp. nov.

Di Th.I 1(Ml) Th.II 3(Ml,2Mc) Th.III 3(Ml,2Mc)	De 2(Ml,Mc), or 2Mc 3(Ml,Mc,me)+s 4(Ml,2Mc,me)+s	Dl 1(Ml) 3(Ml,Mc,me)+s+ms 3(Ml,Mc,me)+s	L – 3(2Ml,me) 3(2Ml,me)	Scx2 Cx Tr 0 3 6 2 7 6 2 8 6	Fe 13 11–12 11	T 19 19 18
Terga Abd. I 2(Ml, Mc) Abd. II 2(Ml, Mc)	3(Ml,Mc,me)+ s 3(Ml,Mc,me)+ s	2(Ml,Mc) 2(Ml,Mc)	3(Ml,Mc,me) 3(Ml,Mc,me)	Sterna VT 4 Ve 4–5	Vl –
Abd. III 2(Ml, Mc) Abd. IV 2(Ml, Mc) Abd. V 3(Ml,Mc,me)	3(Ml,Mc,me)+ s 2(Ml, Mc)+ s 3(Ml,Mc,me)+s	2(Ml,Mc) 3(Ml,Mc,me)	3(Ml,Mc,me) 6(2Ml,3Mc,me) 4(2Mc,2me)	Ve 4(3) Ve 9 Ag 3	Fu 4 Vl 5 Vl 4
Abd. VI 7				Ve 1 5	A n 3

TABLE 5. Diagnostic characters of Vitronura paraacuta sp. nov. and Vitronura ciliata sp. nov. with some similar species of the genus.

species	Mandible teeth	labrum	Shape of macrochaetae	Cephalic O-chaeta	Ocular chaetae	Cephalic Tubercle De chaetae	Ve on Abd. IV	Inner tooth on claw
paraacuta sp. nov. acuta Deharveng & Weiner, 1984 giselae (Gisin, 1950) qingchengensis Jiang & Yin, 2012 dentata Deharveng & Weiner, 1984 ciliata sp. nov.	4 3 3 5 3 5	not ogival ogival not ogival not ogival not ogival not ogival	hardly serrate serrate serrate smooth weakly serrate ciliate	+ (Mc) + (Mc) + (Mc) + (Mc) + (Mc) + (me)	3 3 3 3 3 2	3 3 3 3 3 2	7–8 10 7–9 10 (9) 8 9	+ – – + + –
setaebarbulata Gao et al, 2012	6–7	not ogival	barbulate	+(Mc)	3	3	9 (8)	–
joanna (Coates, 1968) shaanxiensis Jiang & Yin, 2011 mandarina (Yosii, 1954)	6 7 3	? not ogival not ogival	serrate barbulate smooth	+(Mc) – +(Mc)	3 1 3	2 1 3	? 9 (8)?	– – –