Tropicoporus drechsleri Salvador-Montoya & Popoff, 2018

Salvador-Montoya, Carlos A., Costa-Rezende, Diogo H., Ferreira-Lopes, Valéria, Borba-Silva, Marco A. & Popoff, Orlando F., 2018, Tropicoporus drechsleri (Hymenochaetales, Basidiomycota), a new species in the “ Inonotus linteus ” complex from northern Argentina, Phytotaxa 338 (1), pp. 75-89 : 80-84

Tropicoporus drechsleri Salvador-Montoya & Popoff sp. nov. ( Figs. 3 , 4 )

Mycobank:—MB823698

Holotype:— ARGENTINA. Chaco: Primero de Mayo, Colonia Benítez, Reserva Natural Educativa Colonia Benítez , 27.318220 S, 58.949756 W, 67 m, on living tree of Cordia americana ( L.) Gottschling & J. S. Mill. (2006: 364), 22 March 2016, C. A. Salvador-Montoya 681 ( CTES 570140 ).

Diagnosis:—Basidioma perennial, pileate, rimose, hymenophore poroid, (3–)4–5(–6) pores/mm, context with a thin dark line. Hyphal system monomitic in the context and dimitic in the tubes, setae subulate or ventricose. Basidiospores broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid with a flattened side, (4–)4.5–5(–5.5) × (3–)3.5–4(–4.5) μm, thick-walled, yellowish, chestnut to ferruginous in KOH, on living tree of Cordia americana .

Description:— Basidioma perennial, pileate, sessile, broadly attached, applanate, triquetrous to ungulate, solitary, imbricate, up to 131 mm long, 90 mm wide and 50 mm thick, woody hard; pilear surface pubescent at first, concentrically zonated with some radial fissures, brown (5 E 7 to 5 F 7), later becoming concentrically sulcate and radially deeply cracked, rough and dark brown (5 F 4), when well developed and mature, becoming rimose, radially and concentrically deeply sulcate, glabrous, very dark gray (1 F 1); margin entire, round, sharp, thin to thick, pubescent and yellowish brown (5D6) to brown (5 E 6); pore surface dark brown (5 F 7), pores rounded, regular, (3–)4–5(–6)/mm, with (100–)110–340(–400) μm in diam., dissepiments entire, (30–)40–130(–170) μm thick; context up to 21 mm thick at the base in well-developed specimens, fibrous, azonate, brown (5 E 7), with an inconspicuous thin dark line near the pilear surface, crust thin and dark gray to black; tubes indistinctly stratified with whitish mycelia strands usually filling the old tubes, brittle, up to 42 mm long, dark brown (5 E 7).

Hyphal system monomitic in the context and dimitic in the tubes; context dominated by generative hyphae, 6 μm in diam., simple septate, branched, thin-walled to gradually thick-walled, occasionally septate, some resemble to binding-like hyphae; trama of tubes with thin to slightly thick-walled generative hyphae, simple septate, branched, occasionally covered by crystals towards the dissepiment edge, and unbranched skeletal hyphae, thick-walled with a visible to solid lumen, (104–)162–430(–456) μm long × (2–)3.5–4.5(–5) μm in diam. ( L avg. = 282.75 μm, W avg. = 3.85 μm), tapering to the apex where the wall is thin and three adventitious septa are present; setae frequently arising from the subhymenium, subulate and ventricose, (15–)16–42(–43) μm long × (3.5–)4.5–9(–12) μm diam., occasionally with a regular heel running parallel to the tube wall, slightly thick-walled to almost solid; cystidioles narrowly lageniform to lageniform, (7–)8–24(–31) μm long × (2.5–)3–6.5(–7) μm diam., thin-walled, hyaline, frequently at the dissepiment edge; basidia clavate, (9–)10–16(–17) μm long × (3–)4.5–5.5(–7.5) μm wide, hyaline, with four sterigmata; basidiospores broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid, with a flattened side, (4–)4.5–5(–5.5) × (3–)3.5–4(– 4.5) μm ( L avg. = 4.76 μm, W avg. = 3.56 μm), Q = 1.13–1.50 ( Q avg. = 1.34), thick-walled, smooth, pale yellow in water, turning chestnut to ferruginous brown in KOH (xanthocroic reaction), IKI-.

Etymology:— drechsleri , in honor of Dr. Elisandro Ricardo Drechsler-Santos, enthusiastic mycologist and dedicated mentor, who continuously contributes to increase the knowledge of the neotropical wood-decaying fungi.

Habitat and distribution:—Basidiomata found at the base of trunk and branches of living Cordia americana , in seasonally dry forests of subtropical regions in South America.

Remarks:— Tropicoporus drechsleri is characterized by applanate to ungulate, imbricate, basidiomata, a rimose and black pilear surface, large pores (4–5/mm) and a context with an inconspicuous dark line. When mature, T. drechsleri resembles T. sideroxylicola and T. dependens by presenting a cracked to rimose, gray to black, pilear surface, besides the binding-like hyphae in the trama, but differs from these two species by having a duplex context. In addition, T. dependens presents 5–7 pores/mm and T. sideroxylicola presents 2–3 pores/mm and a dimitic hyphal system throughout ( Table 1). Tropicoporus drechsleri is similar to T. excentrodendri L.W. Zhou & Y.C. Dai (2016: 341) by having imbricate basidiomata and a duplex context with a black line, but the latter differs by presenting 7–8 pores/mm and a dimitic hyphal system ( Table 1). In northeast Argentina, T. drechsleri can be confused with Phellinus chaquensis (Iaconis & J.E. Wright) J.E. Wright & Blumenf. (1984: 416) . Both species present ungulate basidiomata with a black and rimose pilear surface, as well as subulate hymenial setae. However, P. chaquensis differs by presenting smaller pores (6–7 pores/ mm), a homogeneous context, a dimitic hyphal system, smaller setae (11–24 × 4–7 μm) and globose to subglobose, hyaline to pale yellow in KOH, basidiospores ( Q = 1.00–1.25). Furthermore, Phellinus chaquensis has been reported growing on Astronium balansae Engl. (1881: 45) , Caesalpinia paraguariensis (D. Parodi) Burkart (1952: 26) and species of Schinopsis Engl. (1876: 403) ( Iaconis & Wright 1953, Robledo & Urcelay 2009, Luna et al. 2012, Rajchenberg & Robledo 2013), while T. drechsleri is only parasitic on Cordia americana .

Material examined:— ARGENTINA. Chaco: Primero de Mayo, Colonia Benítez, Reserva Natural Educativa Colonia Benítez, 27.317883S, 58.950140W, 67 m, on living tree of C. americana , 22 March 2016, C. A. Salvador-Montoya et al. 678 ( CTES 570139), ibid., 27.317825S, 58.950217W, 64 m, on living tree of C. americana , 10 August 2016, C. A. Salvador-Montoya et al. 690 ( CTES 570141), ibid., 27.318040S, 58.950260W, 65 m, on living tree of C. americana , 10 August 2016, C. A. Salvador-Montoya et al. 693 ( CTES 570142), ibid., 27.318019S, 58.950898W, 63 m, on living tree of C. americana , 10 August 2016, C. A. Salvador-Montoya et al. 696 ( CTES 570143), ibid., 27.317932S, 58.950447W, 64 m, on living tree of C. americana , 10 August 2016, C. A. Salvador-Montoya et al. 697 ( CTES 570144), ibid., 27.317766S, 58.949756W, 64 m, on living tree of C. americana , 10 August 2016, C. A. Salvador-Montoya et al. 699 ( CTES 570145); Presidencia Victorino de la Plaza, Capitán Solari, Parque Nacional Chaco, 26.810987S, 59.604804W, 85 m, on living tree of C. americana , 18 September 2016, C. A. Salvador-Montoya et al. 728 ( CTES 570146). Corrientes: Itatí, Yacareí, on C. americana , 4 February 1990, O. Popoff 624 ( CTES 568153). Formosa: Bermejo, Reserva Natural Formosa, 24.310806S, 61.809753W, 180 m, 8 May 2012, N. Niveiro et al. 2711 ( CTES 570147). Misiones: San Ignacio, Reserva Privada Osununú, 27.278808S 55.578079W, 153 m, on living undetermined tree, 12 June 2016, O. Popoff 5021 ( CTES 570148), ibid., 27.280278S 55.575806W, on living tree of C. americana , 5 May 2017, E. R. Drechsler-Santos et al. DS 2106 ( CTES 568152); Puerto Iguazú, Parque Nacional Iguazú, 25.684722S, 54.447778W, on dead trunk, 21 March 2017, C. A. Salvador-Montoya et al. 793 ( CTES 568147), ibid., 25.671514S, 54.448792W, on living tree of C. americana, C.A. Salvador-Montoya et al. 798 ( CTES 568146), ibid., 25.684167S, 54.446944W, on living tree of C. americana , 24 March 2017, C. A. Salvador-Montoya et al. 803 ( CTES 568149), ibid., 25.671514S, 54.448792W, on living tree of C. americana , 1 May 2017, E. R. Drechsler-Santos et al. DS 2009 ( CTES!568148), id. 2 May 2017, E. R. Drechsler-Santos et al. DS 2052 ( CTES 568150); Parque Nacional Salto Encantado, 27.062442S, 54.841475W, 5 May 2017, E. R. Drechsler-Santos et al. DS 2076 ( CTES 568151).

Additional specimens examined:— Phellinus chaquensis : ARGENTINA. Chaco: Presidencia Victorino de la Plaza , April 1949, J. Martinoli s.n. ( LPS 18519 , holotype; LPS 31379 , cotype) ; Presidencia Victorino de la Plaza, Parque Nacional Chaco, 26.808023S, 59607415 W, on living tree of Schinopsis balansae , 17 September 2016, C. A. Salvador-Montoya et al. 711 ( CTES 568157 ), id. C. A. Salvador-Montoya 712 ( CTES 568158 ), id. C. A. Salvador-Montoya 713 ( CTES 568159 ) ; ibid., 26.813535S, 59.606830W, on living tree of S. balansae , 17 September 2016, C. A. Salvador-Montoya et al. 718 ( CTES 568160 ), id. C. A. Salvador-Montoya et al. 719 ( CTES 568161 ) ; ibid., 26.813535S, 59.606830W, on living tree of S. balansae , 18 September 2016, C. A. Salvador-Montoya et al. 721 ( CTES 568162 ), id. C. A. Salvador-Montoya et al. 722 ( CTES 568163 ) ; Primero de Mayo, Reserva Natural Educativa Colonia Benítez , 27.317883S, 58.950140W, on dead trunk, 22 March 2016, C. A. Salvador-Montoya 679 ( CTES 568170 ) ; ibid., on dead trunk, 10 August 2016, C. A. Salvador-Montoya et al. 689 ( CTES 568156 ). Corrientes: San Cosme, Ruta provincial 98, 27.557784S, 58.594431W, on living tree of S. balansae , 21April 2016, C. A. Salvador-Montoya et al. 687 ( CTES 568154 ), id. C. A. Salvador-Montoya et al. 688 ( CTES 568155 ) .

Figures

FIGURE 3. Macroscopic features of Tropicoporus drechsleri. A–E) Basidiomata (paratypes): A) CTES568148, B) CTES570143, C) CTES570142, D) CTES570144, E) CTES570146. F–K) CTES570140 (holotype): F) basidioma, G) context duplex, in details (G*) with dark line near to pilear surface, and indistinctly stratified tubes, H) pores surface. I–K) basidiospores: I) in water, J) in KOH 5% (xantochroic reaction), K) in Melzer reagent. Photos by: Carlos A. Salvador-Montoya.

FIGURE 4. Microscopic features from holotype (CTES570140). A) Thin- to thick-walled, occasionally covered by crystals, generative hyphae, B) skeletal hyphae of tubes, C) subulate to ventricose hymenial setae, D) narrowly lageniform to lageniform cistidia, E) broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid with ventral side flattened, thick walled, basidiospores. Drawings by: Carlos A. Salvador-Montoya.