Polyclinum constellatum Savigny, 1816

A. Palomino-Alvarez, Lilian, Moreira Rocha, Rosana & Simoes, Nuno, 2019, Checklist of ascidians (Chordata, Tunicata) from the southern Gulf of Mexico, ZooKeys 832, pp. 1-33 : 1

Polyclinum constellatum Savigny, 1816 Fig. 4M

Material examined.

CAGoM-0731, CAGoM-0732, CAGoM-0736, Chel 1, 0 m, 21-03-2018, leg. R.M. Rocha.

Remarks.

This is another widespread species that was probably introduced in the southern Gulf of Mexico, yet we only found it in one harbor. The high salinity tolerance has been observed in Margarita Island, Venezuela where the species has also been found in an estuary with salinity> 50 ppt ( Rocha et al. 2010).

Global distribution.

United States ( Van Name 1945), Gulf of Mexico ( Van Name 1945; Lambert et al. 2005), Bahamas ( Van Name 1945), Bermuda ( Monniot 1972), Cuba ( Van Name 1945), Jamaica ( Van Name 1945, Goodbody 1993), Puerto Rico ( Van Name 1921), Guadeloupe ( Monniot 1983b), Martinique ( Gravier 1955), Belize ( Goodbody 2000), Panama (Carman et al. 2010), Colombia ( Van Name 1945), Curaçao (Millar 1962; Goodbody 1984), Venezuela ( Rocha et al. 2010; Carballo-Pérez and Díaz 2011), French Guiana ( Monniot 2016), Brazil ( Millar 1958; Rodrigues and Rocha 1993; Rocha et al. 2005, 2011), South Africa ( Millar 1955), Mozambique ( Michaelsen 1919, Monniot and Monniot 1976), Madagascar ( Vasseur 1970), Mauritius Island ( Savigny 1816), Persian Gulf ( Monniot and Monniot 1997), Japan ( Tokioka 1963, 1967), China ( Michaelsen 1923), New Caledonia ( Monniot 2007).