Schismatogobius saurii, Keith & Lord & Darhuddin & Limmon & Sukmono & Hadiaty & Hubert, 2017

Keith, Philippe, Lord, Clara, DarHuddin, Hadi, Limmon, Gino, Sukmono, Tedjo, Hadiaty, Renny K. & Hubert, Nicolas, 2017, Schismatogobius (Gobiidae) from Indonesia, with description of four new species, Cybium 41 (2), pp. 195-211 : 198-202

Schismatogobius saurii , n. sp. Keith, Lord, Hadiaty & Hubert

( Figs 1-4 ; Tabs I-III)

Material examined. – Thirteen specimens from Indonesia and Philippines with a size range of 27.2-40 mm SL .

Holotype. – MZB 23794, male (36.1 mm SL); West Bali, Kab Buleleng, Tukad Banyuraras, Indonesia, 18 Apr. 2014, coll. Hubert, Keith, Busson, Sauri, Hadiaty; BIF 2549.

Paratypes. – UF 162773, 1 female, 2 males (28-33.5 mm SL); Lampung Barat , Wai Ngarip, Sumatra, Indonesia , 25 Oct. 2005, coll. Page et al. UF 190868, 1 male (27.2 mm SL); Way Cangup at research station, Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, Sumatra, Indonesia , 22 Oct. 2005, coll. Page et al. MZB 23795, 1 female (40 mm SL); same data as holotype; BIF 2547. MZB 23796, 1 male, 2 females (29.3- 36.7 mm SL); West Bali, Kab Kelungkung, Tukad Unda, Indonesia , 22 Apr. 2014, coll. Hubert, Keith, Busson, Sauri, Hadiaty; BIF 2835 to 2837. MZB 23797, 1 female (35 mm SL); Lampung Barat , Wai Ngarip, Sumatra, Indonesia , 22 May 2015, coll. Hubert, Busson, Darhuddin et al., BIF 4172. MNHN 2016-0304, 1 male (37 mm SL); same data as holotype; BIF 2548. MNHN 2016-0303, 1 female (37.5 mm SL); Lampung Barat , Wai Ngarip, Sumatra, Indonesia , 22 May 2015, coll. Hubert, Busson, Darhuddin et al.; BIF 4176. MNHN 2016-0299, 1 female (31.2 mm SL); Alegre River , Panay Island, Philippines .

Diagnosis

14-15 pectoral rays; pectoral fins banded with rows of dark spots. First dorsal fin membrane posterior to spine 6 connected to base of spine of second dorsal fin. Anal fin I,9. Ventral surface of head in male whitish and slightly pigment- ed on the mentum and frenum or entirely brownish. Ventral surface of head in female whitish with a blackish or brownish mentum. A single mitochondrial lineage (BOLD:ACP9881). Description

A large Schismatogobius (average adult size> 35 mm SL). Body naked, slender, almost circular in cross-section. Head rounded, snout rather pointed. Mouth oblique, lower lip more prominent. Jaw lengths in males much greater than in females; jaw length 65.4-71% of HL in males and 34.8- 42.8% of HL in females. Lower jaw reaching vertical of 1/2 of the eye in female and exceeding (for more than eye diameter) a vertical of posterior margin of eye in male. Eyes high on head, close together with interorbital width about less to half eye diameter. Anterior nostril short and tube-like.

Dorsal fins VI-I,9, membrane in first dorsal fin posterior to spine 6 connected to base of spine of second dorsal fin. D1 with all spines about equal in length. Anal fin I,9, origin directly opposite to second dorsal fin origin. Caudal fin with 12 branched rays, posterior margin rounded. Pectoral fins oblong with posterior margin rounded and 14(4)-15(9) rays (Tab. II), ventralmost ray unbranched. Pelvic fins always I,5, with both fins joined together for their entire length between fifth rays to form a strong cup-like disc and a well developed frenum between spines, fins not extending beyond anus. Morphomeristic data given in table III.

Tongue bilobed. Teeth in upper jaw (19-30) usually in two rows, teeth conical and slightly recurved. Teeth in lower jaw (4-15) usually in two rows anteriorly and single row laterally, all teeth conical with outer row teeth only slightly enlarged and somewhat recurved.

Cephalic sensory pore system always with pores B, D, F, K, L, N and O, pore D singular with all other pores paired; oculoscapular canal absent between pores F and K. Anterior interorbital extension of anterior oculoscapular canal with double terminal pores B slightly posterior to posterior nostril. D pore at rear of intertorbital. Posterior extension of anterior oculoscapular canal terminating laterally on each side of head at pore F, just behind posterior edge of eye. Posterior oculoscapular canal with 2 terminal pores, K and L; preopercular canal with 2 pores, N and O. Cutaneous sensory papillae not well developed and inconspicuous in several specimens due to preservation.

Sexual dimorphism fairly well developed with male having jaws longer than females and a different colour pattern on ventral surface of head. Urogenital papilla broadly round- ed in females and slightly pointed in males.

Colour in preservation

Usually four vertical black bands in dorsal view; first band below first dorsal fin, second and third bands below second dorsal fin and fourth band at hypural crease. Lateral body colour markings variable with individual patterns of marbled brown to grey to black. Head dusky grey. Ventral surface of head in male whitish and slightly pigmented on the mentum or entirely brownish. Ventral surface of head in female whitish with a blackish or brownish mentum ( Fig. 2A ). First dorsal fin with two horizontal rows of black spots. Second dorsal fin mostly cream with three horizontal rows of black spots. Caudal fin black and white, with black spot at centre of hypural crease and two white spots posteriorly. Anal fin mostly cream. Pectoral fins banded with 4-7 rows of dark spots; small dark blotch present dorsoposteriorly.

Colour in life ( Fig. 3 )

Male: Four vertical black bands in dorsal view; first band below first dorsal fin, second and third bands below second dorsal fin and fourth band at hypural crease. Lateral and dorsal parts of the body between vertical black bands mottled and brownish to orange, and the black bands themselves are mottled with whitish and joined together below mid-line. Mottling on the head and the cheeks denser and dark brown to black. Belly whitish. Ventral surface of head dusky grey. First dorsal fin translucent at the base, with a central longitudinal black band and a distal longitudinal yellow band. Second dorsal fin translucent with a series of about four black spots on each ray. Caudal fin mainly black, with two median white spots dorsally and ventrally. Anal fin bright yellow. Pelvic disc mostly translucent, but yellow at the base. Pectoral fins translucent with about 4-5 irregular blackish bars. Inside of the mouth bright orange. Female: Four vertical black bands in dorsal view; first band below first dorsal fin, second and third bands below second dorsal fin and fourth band at hypural crease. Lateral and dorsal parts of the body between vertical black bands mottled and brownish-red. Cheeks and snout blackish. Belly whitish. Ventral surface of head and isthmus dusky grey. First and second dorsal fins translucent with a series of about four black spots on each ray. Anal fin greyish. Caudal fin marbled, black at hypural base and with two median white spots dorsally and ventrally. Caudal and pectoral fins translucent. Pectoral fins banded with 5-7 rows of dark spots. Inside of mouth grey.

Figures

Figure 1. – A: Most likely ML tree inferred using the TrN+I model (-lnL = 2888.77, I = 0.655, f(A) = 0.23025, f(C) = 0.31193, f(G) = 0.17856, f(T) = 0.2926, AC =AT = CG = GT = 1.0; AG = 13.12; CT = 6.72). BP are given above each branches. B: Distribution of TrN+I genetic distance within and among species.

Figure 2. – Schematic drawings of the ventral surface of head of Schismatogobius species from Indonesia. A: 14-15 pectoral rays; B: 15-16 pectoral rays; C: 16-17 pectoral rays.

Figure 3. – A:Schismatogobius saurii n. sp., male, paratype MNHN 2016-0304, BIF 2548 (Photo N. Hubert). B: Schis- matogobius saurii n. sp., female, para- type MZB 23795, BIF 2547 (Photo N. Hubert).

Figure 4. – Distribution area of Schismatogobius species from Indonesia.