Hadronyche pulvinator (Hickman)

Gray, Michael R., 2010, A Revision of the Australian Funnel-web Spiders (Hexathelidae: Atracinae), Records of the Australian Museum 62 (3), pp. 285-392 : 355-359

Hadronyche pulvinator (Hickman)

Figures 66, 67

Atrax pulvinator Hickman, 1927: 70 . Main, 1985: 41.

Hadronyche pulvinator .–Gray, 1988: 114 (Transferred from Figure 67. Collection records for Hadronyche pulvinator .

Atrax ). AME 0.20, ALE 0.34, PLE 0.25, PME 0.22. Interdistances: AME–AME 0.30, AME–ALE 0.17, ALE–PLE 0.20, PLE– Types. Holotype female: QVM 1957–15 – 20 Type 17.The Cascades, Hobart,

Tasmania, 42°54'S 147°17'E, V. V. Hickman. PME 0.07, PME – PME 0.82. Median ocular quadrangle length 0.50, anterior width 0.70, posterior width 1.25. Diagnosis. CL 6.15 (female). Small atracine spiders. Differs — Chelicerae. Paturon with a medial line of long, weak from H. venenata having central cheliceral teeth in a short, bristles, remaining anterodorsal bristles shorter. Groove basal row (Fig. 66D), and relatively short labium and narrow, margins diverge slightly distally. Groove length spinnerets (Fig. 66A,G). 1.91, middle width 0.50. Distal half of groove transversely ridged. Cheliceral teeth: 7 central, in basal third of groove; 6 Redescription of holotype female. Size. Carapace length prolateral; 6 retrolateral, absent from distal third of margin. 6.15, width 5.64. Abdomen length 10.20, width 8.50. — — Labium. Wider than long. Length 1.22, width 1.48. Colour. Basic colour pattern. — Carapace. Slightly longer Anterior margin indented apically, lateral margins rounded. than wide, strongly raised. Height 2.71. Frontal width 4.94. Cuspules grouped anterocentrally. Labiosternal sigilla Cephalic length 4.69. Fovea procurved, anterior margin narrowed centrally. — Sternum. Broad, ventrally domed. slightly indented. Mid-dorsal cephalic setae do not reach Length 3.85, width 3.44. Posterior sigilla ovoid: length 0.76, fovea. Anterior strial setae absent. Anterolateral carapace width 0.44. — Palp. Spination: tarsus 3. Trichobothria: tibia angle with a few very weak bristles. — Eyes. Central eye p4 r5, tarsus 4. Tarsal claw with 2–3 teeth. — Legs. 4123 .

region very weakly raised. Eye group width 1.72. Diameters: Leg Femur Patella Tibia Metatarsus Tarsus Total 1 3.94 1.89 2.50 1.97 1.60 11.90 2 3.36 1.89 2.13 1.79 1.46 10.63 3 3.44 1.64 1.89 1.64 1.48 10.09 4 4.14 2.26 2.46 2.50 1.84 13.20

Tibia I width 1.10. Metatarsus I short, proximal width 0.83. Coxal hairs unmodified. Tibia I, II without spines. Tarsal claw teeth legs I, II: superior 5, 5; inferior 2, 1. Trichobothria legs I, II: tarsus 7, 6; metatarsus 7, 7; tibia p4 r5, p5 r4. — Leg spination. Leg I: femur 0, patella 0, tibia 0 (2 bristles distally), metatarsus 3; tarsus 2. Leg II: femur 0, patella 0, tibia 0, metatarsus 3, tarsus 2. Leg III: femur 0, patella pd9, tibia 6 (p3 r1), metatarsus 12 (p6 r2), tarsus 5. Leg IV: femur 0, patella p1, tibia 2 (p1), metatarsus pv8, tarsus 6 — Abdomen. Sparse cover of fine hairs and bristles. Posterior lateral spinnerets with short apical segment. Lengths: total 1.87; basal segment 0.91, middle 0.36, apical 0.60. Apical segment width 0.34. — Genitalia. Spermathecae short, weakly bulbous apically. Length 0.68, width 0.41.

Distribution. Known only from the Cascades area, Hobart, Tasmania (Fig. 67).

Comments. This species is known only from the holotype Figure 66. Hadronyche pulvinator , female: (A) sternum, labium and maxilla; (B) cephalothorax and chelicerae, lateral; (C) leg III, female, collected more than 80 years ago. Sporadic collecting prolateral, patella, tibia, metatarsus; (D) cheliceral groove teeth; efforts at the type locality have failed to locate additional (E) spermathecae; (F) cephalothorax and chelicerae, dorsal; (G) specimens, leading to real concern about the status of the spinnerets. Scale lines 1 mm. species. Collecting activities have mostly been restricted to visual (daytime) searching in bushland areas in the Cascades Included species: H. infensa (Hickman) , H. valida region, mainly targeting logs and rocks, often near creek (Rainbow & Pulleine), H. orana n.sp., H. lynabrae n.sp., H. banks. A regular program of short-term pitfall trapping macquariensis n.sp., H. levittgreggae n.sp., H. kaputarensis and ground/litter slicing may be more successful in finding n.sp., H. walkeri n.sp. specimens of this elusive species. These techniques were use to good effect in trapping males and locating the in-litter Distribution. Coast and highlands from Hawkesbury River burrows of females of H. flindersi in South Australia region of mid-eastern New South Wales to southeastern

Queensland.

infensa species group

Comments. These species are distributed across a very Description (Figs. 87–89, 91–93). Medium to large sized dissected coastal and highland landscape and it is likely that funnel web spiders. Male femora I, II without spines. many more species await recognition—for example males Labium relatively long (LL/LW 0.85–0.96) (cf. short labium from the Barrington Tops and Mount Banda Banda regions in lamingtonensis group species). Central cheliceral tooth probably represent new species. row long (uniquely short, basal in H. kaputarensis ). Tibia II without apophysis—either more or less sinuous (sometimes Hadronyche infensa (Hickman) slightly thickened proximally) with ventral spines clustered in proximal half; or more cylindrical with clustered to scattered Figures 68–71; Tables 20, 34 spines. Metatarsus II without apophysis, cylindrical to weakly sinuous, sometimes slightly swollen mid-ventrally. Male palp Atrax infensus Hickman, 1964: 108 . Main, 1985: 41. with few spines (tibia 0–3, patella 0–1, femur 0–2). Embolus Hadronyche infensa .–Gray, 1988: 114 (transferred from with shaft broad or narrow, moderately curved and weakly to Atrax ). not tapered. Distal part of embolus weakly to strongly twisted ( Figs. 77B , 81B )—twisting often extended back along shaft Types. Holotype male: AMS KS953 (old catalogue number K68385 ).

Toowoomba , Queensland, 27°33'S 151°57'E, P. Walker, 26 January 1963. as a deep, longitudinal fold, well developed in species with

Allotype female: AMS KS954 (old catalogue number K68386 ). Data as wider, weakly tapered emboli ( Fig. 86B,C ). Ratio of bulb for holotype. length to palpal tibia length 0.78–0.95 (i.e., usually greater than in cerberea group species). Posterior lateral spinnerets with moderately long apical segment ( PLSAPW /L 0.32–0.37).

Other material examined. Queensland (males): QMB S672 , Bellthorpe anterior width 0.97, posterior width 1.44. Diameters : AME West, 5 December 1979, G. Hodges; QMB S392 , Royce Reserve , near 0.31, ALE 0.49, PLE 0.42, PME 0.24. — Chelicerae. Dorsal Toowoomba , 24 October 1975 – 30 April 1976, G.B. & S. R . Monteith ; AMS

KS8790 , Buderim , January 1982 ; QMB S147 , Casey Creek via Imbil, paturon with oblique ridges proximally. Cheliceral groove 31 December 1974 – 27 March 1975 , G.B. & S. R. Monteith ; QMB S173 , with margins diverging distally. Groove length 3.03, middle Cooran Plateau via Traveston, 31 December 1974 – 27 March 1975 , G.B. width 0.52. Cheliceral teeth: 22 central, occupying full length & S . R. Monteith ; QMB S396 , Elginvale , 12 December 1976 – 26 March of groove; 14 prolateral; 10 retrolateral. — Labium. Wider 1977, G.B. & S . R. Monteith ; QMB S158 , Flaxon , 30 November 1973 , than long, weakly indented apically. Length 1.67, width 1.97. J.J. Roth ; QMB S168 , Gallangowan , 10 November 1974 –29 December

1974, G.B. & S. R. Monteith ; QMB S376 , Mount Glorious , 7 March 1978, Labiosternal sigilla broad, entire. Cuspules c. 379, number T. Hillier ; QMB S165 , Kingaroy , 23 November 1977, L. Briskey ; QMB high. — Sternum. Ovoid. Length 6.15, width 4.83. Posterior S 673, Maleny, 4.x.1979, I. Joyce ; QMB S152 , Mount Nebo , 26 October sigilla long, ovoid. — Palp. Tegular area wider than long. 1972, D. Dale ; QMB S171 , Maleny , 23 November 1973, M. Erskine-Wyse; Embolus moderately long and wide, base strongly offset from QMB S153 , Mapleton , 2 December 1975, P. Allsop ; QMB S395 , Mistake

Mountains, 10 October 1976 – 9 January 1977, G.B. & S. R. Monteith ; QMB tegulum. Embolus moderately long and broad, shaft curved S160, Montville , 7 November 1977 , J. Channon; QMB S670 , Montville, 23 and hardly tapered; distal embolus moderately twisted with November 1979 , D. Roberts; QMB S674 , Nambour , 17 November 1979 , R. twisting extended back along shaft as a rolled margin. Bulb Cook ; QMB S379 , Nambour , 16 November 1978 , S. Martin; QMB S671 , length 4.42, width 1.43. Embolus length 3.26, midwidth 0.38. Mount Nebo, 22 December 1979 , D. Webster; QMB S188 , Mount Nebo , 28 Length of femur 4.62, patella 2.38, tibia 4.90. Width of tibia April 1979 , A. Rozetelds; QMB S170 , Mount Tennisonwoods , near Mount

Glorious, 12 November 1975 – 27 January 1976, G.B. & S. R. Monteith; 1.94. Spines absent. Tibia with several strong ventral bristles. QMB S151 , Toowoomba, 15 January 1952, T. Passlow ; QMB S167 , Upper Several sinuous bristles on distal femur. — Legs. 4123 .

Yarraman State Forest via Maidenwell, 17 July 1974 – 10 November 1974,

G.B. & S.R. Monteith; AMS KS4716 , Toowoomba , 27°36'S 151°57'E, 12 Jan Leg Femur Patella Tibia Metatarsus Tarsus Total 1980, P.Walker. Queensland (females) : AMS KS13423 , Cunninghams Gap; 1 8.87 4.39 6.66 5.78 3.60 29.30 QMB S376 , Mount Glorious , 7 March 1978 , T.Hillier; QMB S374 , Maleny; 2 8.08 3.91 6.46 6.10 3.63 28.08 AMS KS990 , Toowoomba , 20v.1972, J. Cann ; AMS KS4596 , Toowoomba , 3 7.04 3.57 5.17 5.81 3.52 25.11 February 1979, P. Walker. New South Wales (males): Tenterfield, 29°03'S

152°01'E, ( AMS); Tooloom , 28°37'S 152°25'E, ( AMS). 4 8.33 4.15 6.50 6.57 4.28 29.83

Diagnosis. CL 9.04–11.48 (male). Differs from H. walkeri Tibia I width 1.58. Femora I and II without spines. Metatarsus and H. macquariensis by embolus base strongly offset from I slightly thickened proximally with larger ventral spines tegulum ( Fig. 70B ) and greater length of bulb (BulbL/Tib grouped in proximal half. Tibia II without apophysis, most L 0.88) (Figs. 68D, 70A); differs from H. levittgreggae , ventral spines loosely grouped proximocentrally. Metatarsus H. valida , H. orana and H. kaputarensis by more slender II weakly sinuous proximally, otherwise unmodified. Coxae embolus shaft (EmbmidW/L 0.13) and from H. lynabrae I and II with anteromedial setae weakly thickened, sparse. by less pronounced distal embolic twisting ( Fig. 70B,C ). Scopulae: tarsi (legs I–IV), moderate to strong; distal metatarsi, absent to weak (legs I, II), moderate (legs III, Redescription of holotype male. Size. Carapace length IV). Tarsal claw teeth legs I, II; superior 14, 12; inferior 4, 3. 10.78, width 9.38. Abdomen length 9.86, width 7.48. — Trichobothria legs I, II: tarsus 13, 12: metatarsus 17, 13; tibia Colour. Basic colour pattern. Abdomen often with a small p6 r7, p7 r8. — Leg spination. Leg I; femur 0, patella 0, tibia anterodorsal pale patch flanked by small sigilla. — Carapace. 33, metatarsus 38, tarsus 27. Leg II: femur 0, patella p2, tibia Longer than wide, cephalic area moderately raised. Height 19 (p1) metatarsus 24, tarsus 35. Leg III: femur 0, patella p5, 4.18; frontal width 7.15. Fovea narrow, procurved. Mid- tibia 12 (p2 r2), metatarsus 31, tarsus 33. Leg IV: femur 0, dorsal cephalic setae reach fovea. Anterior strial setae patella 0, tibia 10 (r1), metatarsus 22, tarsus 30. — Abdomen. present. Anterolateral angle of carapace with numerous Posterior lateral spinnerets with apical segment moderately bristles. — Eyes. Central eye region weakly raised. Eye long. Lengths: total 4.48; basal segment 1.70; middle 1.05; group width 2.31. Median ocular quadrangle length 0.88, apical 1.73. Apical segment width 0.56.

tibia 4 (r1), metatarsus 15, tarsus 13. — Abdomen. Posterior lateral spinnerets with slender apical segment of moderate length. Lengths: total 4.28; basal segment 1.70, middle 0.88, apical 1.60. Apical segment width 0.65. — Genitalia. Spermathecae digitiform, usually elongate. Length 1.41, width 0.44.

Distribution. Southeastern Queensland to upper northeastern new South Wales (Fig. 71).

Figures

Figure 70. Hadronyche infensa, male (AMS KS4716, RHS except B,C LHS): (A) palp, prolateral; (B) bulb; (C) embolus, distal; (D,E) distal patella and tibia I—D, ventral, E, prolateral; (F,G) metatarsus I—F, ventral, G, prolateral; (H,I) distal patella and tibia II—H, ventral, I, prolateral; (J,K) metatarsus II—J, ventral, K, prolateral. Scale lines: 0.3 mm, except B 1.0 mm and G,J 0.2 mm.

Figure 77. Hadronyche valida, male (A,D–K, AMS KS22460; B,C, AMS KS6824): (A) palp, prolateral; (B) bulb; (C) embolus, distal; (D,E) distal patella and tibia I—D, ventral, E, prolateral; (F,G) metatarsus I—F, ventral, G, prolateral; (H,I) distal patella and tibia II—H, ventral, I, prolateral; (J,K) metatarsus II—J, ventral, K, prolateral. Scale lines: 0.3 mm, except A,B 1.0 mm and I,J 0.2 mm.

Figure 81. Hadronyche lynabrae, male (A,D–K, AMS KS52488; B,C, AMS KS1005): (A) palp, prolateral; (B) bulb; (C) embolus, distal; (D,E) distal patella and tibia I—D, ventral, E, prolateral; (F,G) metatarsus I—F, ventral, G, prolateral; (H,I) distal patella and tibia II—H, ventral, I, prolateral; (J,K) metatarsus II—J, ventral, K, prolateral. Scale lines: 0.3 mm, except B 1.0 mm and K 0.2 mm.

Figure 86. Hadronyche macquariensis, male (A,D–J, AMS KS10679; B,C, AMS KS4515): (A) palp, prolateral; (B) bulb; (C) embolus, distal; (D,E) distal patella and tibia I—D, ventral, E, prolateral; (F,G) metatarsus I—F, ventral, G, prolateral; (H,I) distal patella and tibia II—H, ventral, I, prolateral; (J), metatarsus II, prolateral. Scale lines: 0.3 mm, except A,B,I 1.0 mm.