Pupinidius pulchellus Chen, Dai, Wu & Ouyang, 2024

Chen, Zhong-Guang, Dai, Yu-Ting, Wu, Xiao-Ping, Jiang, Jiao & Ouyang, Shan, 2024, A new species of Pupinidius Möllendorff, 1901 (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Enidae) from Jiuzhaigou, Sichuan, China, Biodiversity Data Journal 12, pp. e 123920-e 123920 : e123920-

Pupinidius pulchellus Chen, Dai, Wu & Ouyang sp. nov.

Materials

Type status: Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceID: ABC12FFA-2635-557D-AB5F-6A083198829E; Location: locationID: country: China; stateProvince: Sichuan; verbatimLocality: Jiuzhaigou County, Shuanghe Town [双河镇], Ancient Cliff Roadway [古栈道]; verbatimLatitude: 33 ° 9 ' 57 " N; verbatimLongitude: 104 ° 15 ' 53 " E; Identification: identifiedBy: Zhong-Guang Chen & Yan-Shu Guo; Event: eventDate: July, 2021; Record Level: institutionID: NCU; collectionID: 24 XPWAN 201

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceID: 7D24CBE3-B57F-552E-9A92-092E9E266A1F; Location: locationID: country: China; stateProvince: Sichuan; verbatimLocality: Jiuzhaigou County, Shuanghe Town [双河镇], Ancient Cliff Roadway [古栈道]; verbatimLatitude: 33 ° 9 ' 57 " N; verbatimLongitude: 104 ° 15 ' 53 " E; Identification: identifiedBy: Zhong-Guang Chen & Yan-Shu Guo; Event: eventDate: July, 2021; Record Level: institutionID: NCU; collectionID: 24 XPWAN 202–220

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceID: A68B5445-93C1-50A3-97FE-B40AAA5972A6; Location: locationID: country: China; stateProvince: Sichuan; verbatimLocality: Jiuzhaigou County, Shuanghe Town [双河镇], Ancient Cliff Roadway [古栈道]; verbatimLatitude: 33 ° 9 ' 57 " N; verbatimLongitude: 104 ° 15 ' 53 " E; Identification: identifiedBy: Zhong-Guang Chen, Meng-Hua Li & Jin-Sheng Mou; Event: eventDate: August, 2023; Record Level: institutionID: NCU; collectionID: 24 XPWAN 221–250

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceID: FAE18991-9CE2-55AE-9287-3B1F1CF2852B; Location: locationID: country: China; stateProvince: Sichuan; verbatimLocality: Jiuzhaigou County, Chaimenguan [柴门关]; verbatimLatitude: 33 ° 5 ' 4 " N; verbatimLongitude: 104 ° 22 ' 10 " E; Identification: identifiedBy: Zhong-Guang Chen & Yan-Shu Guo; Event: eventDate: July, 2021; Record Level: institutionID: NCU; collectionID: 24 XPWAN 251–260

Description

Shell (Fig. 1 a ). Shell cylindrical-conical, with apex abruptly pointed; shell most swollen (broadest) at body whorl, dextral, medium, thick, solid, semi-transparent, glossy, speckled, not spirally grooved; 5.75–6.25 whorls. Whorls rather flattened, not shouldered. Protoconch smooth, polished. Post-nuclear whorls smooth. Growth lines distinct. Suture white, normal, without narrow band beneath it. Body whorl gradually ascending towards aperture, rounded at periphery. Aperture in a plane, truncate-ovate, oblique, without tooth, with weak angular tubercle, completely adnate to body whorl. Peristome not connected; reddish-brown, slightly thickened, expanded, slightly reflexed. Parietal callus distinct. Columellar margin reflexed. Umbilicus opened, slit-shaped. Shell multicoloured, post-nuclear whorls with reddish-brown background and irregular, wide yellowish-white stripes; apex region reddish-brown. Height 20.7–24.6 mm, width 10.4–12.2 mm.

Genitalia (Fig. 2 ). Vas deferens short, swollen proximally; entering epiphallus apically with distinct demarcation. Epiphallus long; cylindrical and of uniform thickness; straight; externally smooth. Epiphallic caecum present; blunt apically; located near vas deferens entrance. Flagellum short; conical; proximally expanded; with tip pointed. Penis with terminal entrance of epiphallus; clavate; distally tapering. Penial caecum absent. Penial appendix long; branched off from penis at some distance from atrium; divided into sections including A- 1, A- 2, A- 3 and A- 4 + A- 5. A- 1, A- 2 and A- 3 not fused. Boundary between A- 4 and A- 5 indistinct. A- 5 long; convoluted. Penial retractor long; biramous; attaching to penis distally and to A- 1 of penial appendix; with penial retractor arms arising from diaphragm closed to each other. Additional retractor other than penial or appendicular absent. Muscular band connecting vagina and epiphallus absent. Atrium short; without retractor. Free oviduct shorter than vagina. Vagina long; swollen; straight; unpigmented. Bursa copulatrix duct short; proximally straight. Bursa copulatrix sub-globular, with stalk; without apical ligament; normal in size; with long neck; well defined. Diverticle normally present; longer than reservoir; unexpanded. Bursa copulatrix and diverticle distinguishable; forked more distally from their base.

Diagnosis

Shell with wide and distinct radial stripes; peristome thin, slightly reflexed and reddish-brown; A- 1 not fused with A- 2; bursa copulatrix sub-globular and well defined; diverticle unexpanded; epiphallic caecum present.

Etymology

The specific name is made from the Latin pulchellus for pretty, alluding to the pretty stripes on the shell of this species. Vernacular name: 丽纹蛹巢螺 (Pinyin: li wen yong chao luo).

Distribution

Pupinidius pulchellus sp. nov. is only distributed within a few kilometres from the Ancient Cliff Roadway to Chaimenguan on the right bank of Baishuijiang River in Jiuzhaigou (Figs 3 , 4 ). Pupinidius nanpingensis is distributed at the west of its habitat, while P. melinostoma is found at the east. The distributions of three species do not overlap and are separated by the Baishuijiang River and its tributary. The boundary between the distribution ranges of the new species and P. nanpingensis is a small unnamed tributary with a deep valley that joins the Baishuijiang River at Shuanghe Town, with the new species downstream, while the P. nanpingensis is upstream. The boundary between the distribution ranges of the new species and P. melinostoma is the Baishuijiang River, with the new species on the right bank, while the P. melinostoma is on the left bank.

Ecology

Pupinidius pulchellus sp. nov. inhabits on steep rock cliff together with Pseudonapaeus beresowskii (Möllendorff, 1902) , Laeocathaica distinguenda Möllendorff, 1899 and Serina sp. and almost never descending to the ground. Juveniles wrap themselves up by mud (Fig. 4 ).

Taxon discussion

The new species can be easily distinguished from P. pupinella , P. anocamptus , P. chrysalis , P. latilabrum , P. nanpingensis , P. wenxian , P. gregorii , P. porrectus , P. himalayanus , P. siniayevi and P. tukuchensis by the shell with wide and distinct radial stripes (vs. with extremely wide radial stripes nearly covering the entire post nuclear whorls in P. pupinella ; without or almost without stripes in P. anocamptus , P. chrysalis , P. latilabrum , P. nanpingensis , P. wenxian , P. himalayanus , P. siniayevi and P. tukuchensis ; with spiral stripes in P. gregorii and P. porrectus ). It is similar with P. melinostoma , P. obrutschewi , P. pupinidius and P. streptaxis by the similar radial striped shell, but differs from them by the thinner and reddish-brown peristome (vs. thicker and white) and the not fused A- 1 and A- 2 (vs. fused). It is further distinguished from P. melinostoma by the thicker stripes on shell, the sub-globular and well-defined bursa copulatrix (vs. tubular and not well defined), the unexpanded diverticle (vs. expanded) and the presence of epiphallic caecum (vs. absence); from P. obrutschewi by the unpointed apex (vs. pointed); from P. pupinidius by the slightly reflexed peristome (vs. strongly reflexed); from P. streptaxis by the taller shell.

Figures

Figure 2. Genitalia anatomy of Pupinidius pulchellus sp. nov.

Figure 3. Distribution of Pupinidius pulchellus sp. nov. and its neighbouring congeners. Red shadow shows Pupinidius pulchellus sp. nov., green shadow shows Pupinidius nanpingensis, yellow shadow shows Pupinidius melinostoma, solid star shows the Ancient Cliff Roadway, hollow star shows the Chaimenguan.

Figure 4. Environment of the type locaity and living specimens. A Ancient Cliff Roadway; B juvenile; C dormant adults; D crawling adult.

Figure 1 a. Pupinidius pulchellus sp. nov., holotype;