Mahonia aquifolium, (Pursh) Nutt.

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1964, Flora Europaea - Volume 1. Lycopodiaceae to Platanaceae, Cambridge University Press : 245-246

1. M. aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. , Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 1: 212 (1818)

( Berberis aquifolium Pursh ).

A stoloniferous shrub 50-100 (-200) cm. Stems stout, sparingly branched. Leaves evergreen composed of 5—9(—13) leaflets; leaflets 4-8 x 2-4 cm, ovate, distantly spinose dentate, coriaceous, dark, shining green. Racemes 5-8 cm, suberect, in groups of 3-5; flowers yellow. Honey-leaves c. 8 mm, slightly exceeding inner perianth-segments. Berries globose, black,

strongly bluish-pruinose. Frequently cultivated in W. & C. Europe, and locally naturalized. [Au Br Cz Ge Gr Ho Hu.] (IF. North America.)