Pachybrachis calcaratus Fall, 1915
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https://doi.org/ 10.1649/0010-065X-72.1.9 |
publication LSID |
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:69C3E6FD-3835-4B7D-BA21-76DE061F8D7D |
persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/120C879C-FFCB-FF9E-FD59-8784FBC5CFFE |
treatment provided by |
Diego |
scientific name |
Pachybrachis calcaratus Fall, 1915 |
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3. Pachybrachis calcaratus Fall, 1915 ( Fig. 3 View Fig , Map 1A)
Pachybrachys calcaratus Fall 1915: 389 . Knaus 1916 –1917: 262 (regional species list); Hicks 1947: 117 (regional species list); Wilcox 1954: 390 (taxonomy).
Pachybrachis calcaratus: Riley et al. 2003: 155 (catalogue); Clark et al. 2004: 158 (plant associations); Barney et al. 2013: 116 View Cited Treatment (taxonomy).
Type Material. Fall’ s male type, herein designated as lectotype and labeled “N.Ill. [printed, white paper] // Hinsdale / 6/21/93 [hand-inked, white paper] // 6 // TYPE [printed, white paper] / calcaratus [hand-inked, white paper] // M.C.Z. / TYPE 29920 [hand-inked, red paper] // H. C. FALL / COLLECTION [printed, white paper] // LECTOTYPE 29920 / Pachybrachys / calcaratus Fall 1915 / R. J. Barney 2017 [printed, red paper]”, was examined and photographed ( Fig. 3 View Fig ).
Redescription. Male. Yellow with fuscous maculae to almost black; L = 2.03–2.29 mm (mean = 2.14 mm, n = 10); W = 1.00– 1.19 mm (mean = 1.08 mm, n = 10); L/W = 1.89–2.05 (mean = 1.97, n = 10). Head: Not wider than thoracic apex, HW = 0.68–0.77 mm (mean = 0.73 mm, n = 10); eyes narrowly separated, IOD = 0.16–0.21 mm (mean = 0.18 mm, n = 10); IOD/HW = 0.22–0.28 (mean = 0.25, n = 10); face yellow with brown to black, W-shaped macula connecting the vertex and bases of antennae, and up to base of upper lobe of eyes, punctation dense, antennae yellow-brown, not reaching elytral declivity. Pronotum: Yellow, M-shaped macula dark brown to black, broadly diffuse; incomplete punctation to lateral margins; PL = 0.61–0.73 mm (mean = 0.68 mm, n = 10); PW = 0.92–1.06 mm (mean = 0.98 mm, n = 10); PL/PW = 0.67–0.73 (mean = 0.69, n = 10). Elytra: Yellow, coarsely punctate with fuscous maculae often broadly diffuse to become general color with small, scattered yellow areas; outer striae distinctly impressed. Pygidium: Black, with 2 oval, yellow maculae. Venter: Black, upper sides of last ventrite yellow. Legs: Dark brown to black, with standard yellow spots; protibia with subapical rectangular tooth on inner margin and long stout curved terminal spur ( Fig. 3 View Fig ). Genitalia: Median lobe in en-face view with OS appearing almost round, flattened with large basal plates, POL slightly extended and gently rounded with setae; in lateral view, a flat, broad keel is seen ( Fig. 3 View Fig ). Thirty-three males from 12 states were dissected.
Female. As in male, except terminal tibial spur much reduced, L = 2.10–2.50 mm (mean = 2.37 mm, n = 10); W = 1.17–1.33 mm (mean = 1.26 mm, n = 10); L/W = 1.79–1.90 (mean = 1.88, n = 10); HW = 0.76–0.90 mm (mean = 0.83 mm, n = 10); IOD = 0.24–0.30 mm (mean = 0.28 mm, n = 10); IOD/HW = 0.31–0.36 (mean = 0.33, n = 10).
Remarks. Pachybrachis calcaratus is one of only three Pachybrachis species known to have the sexual tibial spur character of the male, and the only species in the eastern USA. Pachybrachis texanus Bowditch and Pachybrachis uncinatus Fall share the tibial spur character, but are only known to occur in Texas and Arizona, respectively.
Distribution. This species is found from Minnesota and Michigan south to Louisiana and Florida. New state records are confirmed for seven states: Florida, Minnesota, Mississippi, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, and Texas (Map 1A). Of the specimens I examined, 81% were from three states adjacent to the Mississippi River: Illinois, Louisiana and Mississippi.
Biological Notes. Lythrum salicaria L. ( Lythraceae ) was listed on a specimen label from Ohio. In 1947, Milt Sanderson, of the Illinois History Survey , collected 77 specimens near the lectotype locale in northern Illinois and identified the host plant as “Host #103”. Unfortunately, his notebooks could not be found, and the plant remains unknown (Dmitry Dmitriev, personal communication) .
Specimens Examined. See Appendix 3.
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.
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Pachybrachis calcaratus Fall, 1915
Barney, Robert J. 2018 |
Pachybrachis calcaratus:
Barney, R. J. & L. LeSage & K. Savard 2013: 116 |
Clark, S. M. & LeDoux, T. N. & Seeno, E. G. & Riley, A. J. 2004: 158 |
Riley, E. G. & S. M. Clark & T. N. Seeno 2003: 155 |
Pachybrachys calcaratus
Wilcox, J. A. 1954: 390 |
Hicks, S. D. 1947: 117 |
Fall, H. C. 1915: 389 |