Xanthopimpla konowi Krieger, 1899

Watanabe, Kyohei & Matsumoto, Rikio, 2021, Revision of the genus Xanthopimpla Saussure, 1892 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae) from Japan, Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 68 (2), pp. 269-297 : 269

Xanthopimpla konowi Krieger, 1899

Figs 1D , 3B, J , 4D , 5D , 6D

Xanthopimpla konowi Krieger, 1899: 87; Townes et al. 1965: 61; Townes and Chiu 1970: 48; Watanabe 2011: 17.

Xanthopimpla iaponica Krieger, 1899: 81; Uchida 1928: 64, misident (in part); Ishii 1932: 409; Iwata 1960: 145; Townes et al. 1961: 56; Townes et al. 1965: 60. Synonymised by Townes and Chiu (1970).

Xanthopimpla anthereae Cameron, 1911: 46; Townes et al. 1961: 50. Synonymised by Townes and Chiu (1970).

Xanthopimpla watsoni Cameron, 1911: 46; Townes et al. 1961: 72. Synonymised by Townes and Chiu (1970).

Xanthopimpla princeps Krieger, 1914: 43; Townes et al. 1961: 62. Synonymised by Townes and Chiu (1970).

Xanthopimpla dux Krieger, 1914: 43; Townes et al. 1961: 54. Synonymised by Townes and Chiu (1970).

Xanthopimpla formosensis Krieger, 1914: 43. Synonymised by Townes and Chiu (1970).

Xanthopimpla macrodactyla Krieger, 1914: 42. Synonymised by Townes and Chiu (1970).

Xanthopimpla grandis Cushman, 1925: 43. Synonymised by Townes and Chiu (1970).

Xanthopimpla theophilae Rao, 1953: 159; Townes et al. 1961: 70. Synonymised by Townes and Chiu (1970).

Xanthopimpla japonica (!): Matsumura, 1912: 138; Kashima 1961: 108; Momoi 1970: 334, misident. (at least in part).

Comparative diagnosis.

This species belongs to the regina species group sensu Townes and Chiu (1970). This species can be distinguished from other species of the group by the following combination of character states: face with a low, sublateral, vertical ridge on each side (Fig. 3B ); front edge of notaulus with a sharp-edged transverse crest; median black mark on mesoscutum well separated from black mark in front of scutellum (Fig. 1D ); scutellum subconically elevated (Fig. 3J ); pre-apical bristles on hind tibia 0 to 4, moderately slender, most or all of them close to apex of tibia (Fig. 5D ); T II to IV each with a pair of black spots (Fig. 1D ); T III with relatively sparse, coarse punctures (Fig. 6D ); black spots on T IV each with about 20 punctures; ovipositor straight, slightly decurved at tip; ovipositor sheath 1.1-1.3 × length of hind tibia.

Materials examined.

Japan: [ Ryukyu Isls. ] 1 F, Okinawa, 7 Jul 329, Matsumura leg. ( SEHU); 1 F , Okinawa, III. 1922, S. Sakaguchi leg. ( SEHU); 1 M , Okinawa, 18 Jul 1911, Matsumura leg. ( SEHU); 1 M , Okinawa, Hira , 11, Matsumura leg. ( SEHU); 1 F & 1 M , Okinawa, 1925, S. Sakaguchi leg. ( SEHU); 2 F, Okinawa Pref., Ishigaki Is., Mt. Omoto-dake , 1 Apr 1982, E. Nishida leg. ( OMNH); 1 F, ditto, 5 Jul 2007, H. Nagase leg. ( KPMNH); 1 F, ditto, 14 May 2008, T. Mita leg. ( KPMNH); 1 F, ditto, 23-31 Mar 2010, M. Okada leg. ( KPMNH); 1 F , Okinawa Pref., Ishigaki Is., Banna-dake , 14 May 1978, S. Tsukaguchi leg. ( OMNH); 1 F , Okinawa Pref., Ishigaki Is.Ishigaki Is., Shiramizu , 14 Oct 2004, T. Tsuru leg. ( KPMNH); 1 F , Okinawa Pref., Iriomote Is., Rv. Shiiminato , 30 May-12 Jun 1996, K. Ebi leg. ( MU); 1 F , Okinawa Pref., Iriomote Is., Airagawa-rindo , 4 Jun 2006, K. Watanabe leg. ( KPMNH); 1 F, ditto, 14 Mar 2014, Y. Nishimoto leg. ( KPMNH) . Taiwan: 1 F (det. Townes & Chiu), Taito , 25 Feb-27 Mar 1919, S. Inamura, J. Sonan & M. Yoshino leg. ( TARI) . Vietnam: 1F, Bac Can , Ba Be NP, 1.V.2006, R. Matsumoto leg. ( OMNH) .

Distribution.

Japan (Okinawa Is., Ishigaki Is. & Iriomote Is.). Outside Japan, this species has been recorded from China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Taiwan, Thailand, Togo and Vietnam ( Yu et al. 2016).

Bionomics.

In Japan, adults were collected in March, May, June, July and October. In Iriomote Is., the first author collected this species in the forest edge. Dendrolimus spectabilis (Butler, 1877) ( Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae ), is recorded as a host of this species in Japan ( Kashima 1961).

Remarks.

At least part of the records of " X. iaponica " and " X. japonica " (misspelling of Xanthopimpla iaponica ) may be due to misidentification of this species and some of the rest may be of X. pedator . We could not examine the voucher specimens of Iwata (1960), Kashima (1961) and Momoi (1970). Re-identification of these specimens is an issue for future study.

Figures

Figure 1. Dorsal habitus of Japanese Xanthopimpla A. X. clavata Krieger, 1914; B. X. flavolineata Cameron, 1907; C. X. honorata honorata (Cameron, 1899); D. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; E. X. minuta Cameron, 1905; F. X. modesta modesta (Smith, 1860); G, H. X. naenia Morley, 1913.

Figure 3. Japanese Xanthopimpla A, H. X. clavata Krieger, 1914; B, J. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; C. X. modesta modesta (Smith, 1860); D, K, N, P. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; E. X. stemmator (Thunberg, 1822); F, L. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; G, M. X. yoshimurai sp. nov.; I. X. minuta Cameron, 1905; O. X. naenia Morley, 1913 (D, F, G, K-M, P. holotype; N. paratype) - A, B. head, frontal view; C-G. head, dorsal view; H, I. mesonotum, dorsal view; J-M. scutellum, lateral view; N. mesosternum, ventral view; O, P. areolet of right wing.

Figure 4. Propodeum of Japanese Xanthopimpla, dorsal view A. X. clavata Krieger, 1914; B. X. flavolineata Cameron, 1907; C. X. honorata honorata (Cameron, 1899); D. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; E. X. minuta Cameron, 1905; F. X. modesta modesta (Smith, 1860); G. X. naenia Morley, 1913; H. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; I. X. pedator (Fabricius, 1775); J. X. punctata (Fabricius, 1781); K. X. stemmator (Thunberg, 1822); L. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; M. X. trias Townes & Chiu, 1970; N. X. yoshimurai sp. nov. (H, L, N. holotype).

Figure 5. Japanese Xanthopimpla - A. X. clavata Krieger, 1914; B. X. flavolineata Cameron, 1907; C. X. honorata honorata (Cameron, 1899); D. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; E. X. minuta Cameron, 1905; F. X. modesta modesta (Smith, 1860); G, H. X. naenia Morley, 1913; I, P. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; J. X. pedator (Fabricius, 1775); K. X. punctata (Fabricius, 1781); L. X. stemmator (Thunberg, 1822); M, Q. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; N. X. trias Townes & Chiu, 1970; O, R. X. yoshimurai sp. nov. (I, M, O-R. holotype) A-O. left hind leg, lateral view; P-R. left hind tarsal claw, lateral view.

Figure 6. Japanese Xanthopimpla A, F. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; B, G. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; C, H. X. yoshimurai sp. nov.; D. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; E. X. pedator (Fabricius, 1775) (A-C, F. holotype; G, H. paratype) A-C. T I, dorsal view; D, E. T III, dorsal view; F-H. apex of ovipositor, lateral view.