Trigonosciadium intermedium Freyn & Sint. ex Sint.

Eroğlu, Hüseyin, Behçet, Lütfi & Pinar, Süleyman Mesut, 2017, Taxonomic revision of the genus Trigonosciadium (Apiaceae) in Turkey, Phytotaxa 313 (1), pp. 43-60 : 49

3. Trigonosciadium intermedium Freyn & Sint. ex Sint. in Oesterr. Bot. Z. 42: 123 (1892) ( Figs 3 , 5–8 ).

Type:— TURKEY. B7 Erzincan d. Eğin in campis prope Szanduk, 15 June 1890, Sintenis 2261. Lectotype (designated here): K ([digital image!] barcode number: K000685758 ). Isotypes: E ([digital image!] barcode number: E0002735 ) ; G ([digital image!] barcode number: G00366958 ) ; JE ([digital image!] barcode number: JE00003492 ) ; P ([digital image!] barcode number: P00753143 ) .

Biennial, herbaceous, 20–70 cm, with petiole remains at the base of the stem. Root swollen fusiform, 1–3 paired. Stem glabrous in the lower part, terete, slightly striate, usually purple, upper part of stem slightly angular, pilose and slightly glandular-hairy. Leaves 1-pinnate, ovate-oblong, in the lower part of stem 7, in the middle part 5, in the upper part 3 paired, leaf margins serrate to deeply serrate. Petiole sheath well-developed, sheaths ovate-oblong. Rays 6–21, 1–10 cm, unequal, pilose. Raylets 13–25, 4–10 mm, pilose. Bracts 1–8, 3–20 mm, linear, pilose. Bracteoles 3–8, 4–16 mm, linear, longer than pedicels. Both sepals under the radiant petal 1–3 mm, linear-lanceolate. Petals 5, white, deeply emarginate, pubescent at the bottom, the outer strongly radiant 6–10 mm. Styles 3–4 mm, glabrous or pubescent. Stylopodium cupular with undulate margin. Fruit 5–12 × 5–11 mm, obovate-obcordate, margin rarely undulate and purple, dorsal surface of mericarp pilose-hirsute, hairs on the seed portion longer; commissural surface of mericarp glabrous; dorsal vittae 4, filiform, usually reaching 2/3 of the mericarp; commissural vittae 2, reaching 1/2– 2/3 to mericarp, inconspicuous. Pollen grains in monads, tricolporate, subprolate ( P / E: 1.99); surface ornamentation rugulate.

Phenology:— Flowering occurs from May to June.

Distribution:— Species endemic to Turkey (Eastern Anatolia).

Habitat:— This species grows on stony, rocky slopes, and under oak shrubs.

Threat category: —Only 3 populations of T. intermedium were observed in the field, with ca. 150–200 individual in each one. The estimated distribution area of the species is less than 5000 km 2 and distances between populations were too far from each other. Thus, this species should be regarded as ‘Endangered’ [EN C2a(i)] in Turkey.

Examined specimens:— B7 Erzincan: Kemaliye, Sandık Village , between garden and oakland, 39°16ʹ57ʺN, 38°28ʹ03ʺE, 1130 m, 22 June 2011, H. Eroğlu 1026 ( VANF!) ; Erzincan: Kemaliye, Kemaliye to Arapgir 12 km, roadside, oakland slopes, 39°13ʹ21ʺN, 38°32ʹ48ʺE, 1170 m, 3 June 2012, H. Eroğlu 1024 ( VANF!) ; Kemaliye to Sırakonak Village , curved areas, 1300–1450 m, 16 June 2004, A. Duran 6553 & E. Hamzaoğlu ( GAZI!) ; B8 Muş: Varto to Hınıs , before bend, 1600 m, 8 June 2002, A. Duran 5936 & M. Sağıroğlu ( HUB!) ; Bingöl: between Aşağıköy and Ortaköy villages, oak ( Quercus petraea subsp. pinnatiloba ) openings, 1300–1400 m, 31 May 2014, L. Behçet 9626 & L. Behçet 10010 ( BIN!) ; B9 Van: Erciş, Şehirpazarı Village, Adalar Hamlet , around thermal spring, degenerated oakland slopes, 39°13ʹ59ʺN, 43°23ʹ36ʺE, 1950 m, 9 June 2012, H. Eroğlu 1020 ( VANF!) ; ibidem, 1 July 2012; H. Eroğlu 1021 ( VANF!) ; Erciş, around of Doluca Village , steppe, 39°13ʹ43ʺN, 43°23ʹ18ʺE, 1965 m, 29 June 2006, O. Karabacak 4791 ( VANF!) .

Figures

FIGURE 3. Trigonosciadium intermedium: A) habit; B) fruiting inflorescence; C) flower; D) dorsal surface of fruit; E) commissural surface of fruit;F) cross section of fruit.

FIGURE 5. Trigonosciadium tuberosum: A) general habit in nature; B) white flowers; C) pink bottom flowers; D) fruit. T. viscidulum: E) general habit in nature; F) flowers; G) undulate margin fruit; H) flat margin fruit. T. intermedium: I) general habit in nature; J) flowers; K) sepals; L) fruit. T. lasiocarpum: M) general habit in nature; N) flowers; O) lanate hairs on stem; P) fruit.

FIGURE 6. Distribution of Trigonosciadium species in Turkey: (▲) T. tuberosum, (□) T. viscidulum, (●) T, intermedium, () T. lasiocarpum.

FIGURE 7. SEM micrographs of pollen grains. Trigonosciadium tuberosum: A) polar view; B) ornamentation. T. viscidulum: C) polar view; D) ornamentation. T. intermedium: E) polar view; F) ornamentation. T. lasiocarpum: G) polar view; H) ornamentation.

FIGURE 8. Fruits of Trigonosciadium species. T. tuberosum: A) dorsal surface of fruit; B) commissural surface of fruit; C) SEM micrograph of fruit.T. viscidulum: D) dorsal surface of fruit; E) commissural surface of fruit; F) SEM micrograph of fruit. T. intermedium: G) dorsal surface of fruit; H) commissural surface of fruit; I) SEM micrograph of fruit. T. lasiocarpum: J) dorsal surface of fruit; K) commissural surface of fruit; L) SEM micrograph of fruit.