Typhrasa rugocephala J.Q Yan & S.N. Wang, 2021

Wang, Sheng-Nan, Hu *, Ya-Ping, Chen, Jun-Liang, Qi, Liang-Liang, Zeng, Hui, Ding, Hui, Huo, Guang-Hua, Zhang, Lin-Ping, Chen, Fu-Sheng & Yan, Jun-Qing, 2021, First record of the rare genus Typhrasa (Psathyrellaceae, Agaricales) from China with description of two new species, MycoKeys 79, pp. 119-128 : 119

Typhrasa rugocephala J.Q Yan & S.N. Wang sp. nov. Fig. 3

Diagnosis.

Differs from Typhrasa polycystis by having two types of long gills and rarely rostrum can be found in fusiform pleurocystidia.

Holotype.

China. Baishanzu National Nature Reserve, Zhejiang Province, 27.734233°N, 119.186943°E, 1184 m alt. 28 June 2020, Sheng-Nan Wang, HFJAU1467.

Etymology.

Referring to the surface of the pileus.

Description.

Pileus 35-55 mm, spreading hemispherically to oblate with a slight umbo, surface with distinct ridge-like folds, hygrophanous, reddish-brown (8E5-8 F6), pale brown (6D7-6C7) at the margin, drying tawny (7D6-7E6), striate, sometimes faintly, at margin. Veil distinct, fibrous or fluffy, white (7C1), markedly appendiculate at margin, falling off easily. Context thin and fragile, hygrophanous, about 2.5 mm at the centre. Gills 5.0-7.0 mm broad, moderately close; when young, dirty white (7B1), becoming cinnamon (7C6-7D5) with a white edge (7C1); two types of long gills arranged at intervals: A: adnate to slightly decurrent, B: emarginate- adnexed. Stipe 40-60 mm long, 5.0-10 mm thick, white (7C1), hollow, pulverulent at apex, with fibrils and fluffy from pellicular veil remnants below, falling off easily.

Spores (6.5)6.8-7.9(8.3) × 4.5-5.2(5.4) μm, Q = (1.3)1.4-1.7, ellipsoid to oblong-ellipsoid, profile flattened on one side, 4.1-5.0(5.2) μm broad, smooth, reddish-brown (8C6-8C7) in water, yellow-brown (7D6-7D7) in 5% KOH or 10% NH3·H2O, becoming darker (7E4-7E5) in 5% KOH, germ pore small and indistinct, 1-2 guttulate, inamyloid. Basidia 18-23 × 7.0-8.0 μm, 4-spored, clavate, hyaline. Pleurocystidia 42-68 × 13-17 μm, thin-walled, fusiform, apex obtuse to subacute, rarely cystiform with a short rostrum, with one or two large internal oily drops, oily drops colourless and distinct or indistinct in 5% KOH, glassy-yellow (5B6-5B7) and very distinct in Melzer’s Reagent. Cheilocystidia scanty, 33-48 × 10-15 μm, similar to pleurocystidia, few and scattered, mix with pyriform or clavate, 21-39 × 11-13 μm-sized cells. Trama of gills consisting of parallel hyphae. Pileipellis a 2-3 cells deep layer of subglobose or pyriform cells which are 18-32 μm wide. Veil composed of 5.4-8.4 μm-broad hyphae, thin-walled and fawn (5A2-A3) hyphae in 5% KOH. Clamps rare, but observed in trama of gills, hyphae of stipe and at the base of the basidia and cystidia.

Ecology and distribution.

Saprotrophic, solitary or gregarious on soil or humus in broad-leaved forests.

Other specimens examined.

China. Baishanzu National Nature Reserve , Zhejiang Province , 24 June 2020, Ya-Ping Hu, HFJAU1476; 28 June 2020, Sheng-Nan Wang, HFJAU1455, HMJAU58462.

Figures

Figure 3. Basidiomata and microscopic features of Typhrasa rugocephala a-d basidiomata e basidiospores f basidia g pleurocystidia h cheilocystidia. Scale bars: 20 mm (a-d); 10 μm (e-h).