Actinopus laventana, Miglio, Laura Tavares, Pérez-Miles, Fernando & Bonaldo, Alexandre B., 2020

Miglio, Laura Tavares, Pérez-Miles, Fernando & Bonaldo, Alexandre B., 2020, Taxonomic Revision of the Spider Genus Actinopus Perty, 1833 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Actinopodidae), Megataxa 2 (1), pp. 1-256 : 140-147

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/megataxa.2.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D8203766-9E7B-468F-9E75-F21393A1BA3D
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5655623
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0975136A-FF06-CECF-FF77-F9C7D9D239CE
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Actinopus laventana
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Actinopus laventana View in CoL sp. nov.

Figs 125–129 View FIGURE 125 View FIGURE 126 View FIGURE 127 View FIGURE 128 View FIGURE 129 , Map 6 View MAP 6

Type material. Holotype male from [38º 08’ 21.58” S 61º 47’ 38.90” W], Sierra de La Ventana , Buenos Aires, Argentina, N. Ferreti ( LZI M135 ) GoogleMaps . Paratypes: URUGUAY. Rocha: La Coronilla , 34’ S 53º 51’ W, 1♂, 12.iv.1986, L. A. de Gambardella leg. ( FCE-MY 542 ) . Tacuarembó: [31º 44’ S 55º 59’ W], Ruta 31, Km 146, 1♀, 16.ii.2011, L. M. de Oca, F. Costa & F. Pérez-Miles leg. ( FCE-MY 977 ) GoogleMaps ; ARGENTINA. Buenos Aires: Sierra de La Ventana , 38º 08’ 21.58” S 61º 47’ 38.90” W, 1♀, 4.ix.2009, S. Copperi leg. ( LZI M138 ) GoogleMaps .

Etymology. The specific name is a noun in apposition from the type locality name.

Diagnosis. Males of A. laventana resemble those of A. crassipes ( Fig. 107 View FIGURE 107 A–C) and A. dubiomaculatus ( Fig. 112 View FIGURE 112 A–C) by PA continuous to PI. They resemble those of all species of group crassipes , except A. crassipes , by the serrated area distal to PAc, continuous to proximal area of PAc. They resemble those of A. dubiomaculatus , A. paranensis ( Fig. 115 View FIGURE 115 A–C), A. pusillus ( Fig. 118 View FIGURE 118 A–C) and A. gerschiapelliarum ( Ríos-Tamayo & Goloboff, 2018, fig. 18 E–G) by the absence of lateral swelling above PA ( Fig. 129 View FIGURE 129 A–C). They resemble those of A. paranensis , A. pusillus and A. emas by the palpal tibia being paler than other articles. Males resemble males of A. bocaina by the maxillae and base of labium being slightly rugose ( Fig. 125 C View FIGURE 125 ). They differ from those of all species of the group crassipes by BTA displaced ventrally on prolateral tegular surface; PA well developed and ventrally displaced from the lateral border of tegulum in prolateral view ( Fig. 129 View FIGURE 129 A–C); females of A. laventana ( Fig. 129 D View FIGURE 129 ) differ from A. dubiomaculatus ( Fig. 112 View FIGURE 112 D–H) by receptacles with lateral swelling; dorsal abdominal scutum absent ( Fig. 125 A View FIGURE 125 ).

MALE (LZI M135): Total length 10.25; Carapace, long 5; wide 4.75.Carapace anterior part tapering.Anterior eye row slightly procurved, posterior row recurved ( Fig. 125 B View FIGURE 125 ). Without bristles between AME-clypeus. With one bristle between ALE–ALP and few short and weak bristles between posterior eyes-fovea and lateral eyesedge of carapace. Sternum with ten sigilla fused medially, two distal sigilla more fused than others and to basal less fused. With smooth corrugated area on basal labium and maxillae ( Fig. 125 C View FIGURE 125 ). Rastellum protuberant, inverted Vshaped, hirsute, with a row of spines apically ( Fig. 125 View FIGURE 125 E–F). Chelicerae with twenty denticles widespread on subunguinal sulci. Prolateral row with seven megateeth. Retrolateral row with six megateeth and one tooth in the middle of megateeth row ( Fig. 125 D View FIGURE 125 ). Patella and tibia III with distal crown of well-developed thorns, interrupted in middle ( Fig. 126 View FIGURE 126 A–B). Patellae III and IV with spines on prolaterodorsal face ( Fig. 126 A, C View FIGURE 126 ). Tibia IV without spines on dorsal surface ( Fig. 126 D View FIGURE 126 ). Ventral pseudoscopulae occupying 50% of tarsus I, 70% of II and 100% of III and IV. Pseudoscopula of tarsi I and II with setae spaced, forming diffuse group of bristles; On tarsi III and IV, compact. Carapace, chelicerae, sternum, coxae, trochantera, femora, patellae, tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi reddish brown; Abdomen pale brown with many small spots of pigmentation on dorsal surface ( Fig. 125 A View FIGURE 125 ). Eyes: Diameters: PME 0.2, PLE 0.24, ALE 0.4, AME 0.28; MOQ: Length 0.84, front width 2.52, back width 2.2; Interdistances: PME–PME 1.32, PLE–PME 0.08, AME–AME 0.2, ALE–AME 0.72, ALE–PLE 0.4, AME–PME 0.48. Ocular area: OAL 3.37, OAW 2.87, and IF 1.5. Body: Clypeus: 0.12; Fovea: 1.37; Labium: long 1.12; wide 0.87; Chelicerae: long 1.87; wide 1.37; Sternum: long 3.12; wide 2.87. Abdomen: long 4.75; wide 3.75. Leg measurements: I: Fe 4.5/ Pa 2.12/ Ti 3.12/ Me 3.75/ Ta 2.25/ total 15.75. II: 4.75/ 1.87/ 2.37/ 3.75/ 2.25/ 15. III: 3.5/ 2.12/ 1.87/ 3.75/ 2.25/ 13.5. IV: 4.12/ 1.37/ 3/ 4.25/ 2.5/ 15.25. Formula 4123. Spination: I—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d0, p0, r0; ti v3-7-5, d0, p0- 1-3, r0-0-2; Me v4-4-2, d0, p1-1-2, r3-4-4; ta v0-2-2, d0, p1-2-2, r3-5-5. II—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d0, p0, r0; ti v3-4-8, d0, p0, r0-1-5; Me v6-7-7, d0, p1-2-3, r1-4-4; ta v1-2-3, d0, p2-1-3, r2-6-7. III—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d7-13-34, p0, r0-0-3; ti v0-0-4, d1-0-11, p0-0-2, r0-0-5; Me v0-5-6, d1-1-2, p2-2-2, r2-2-5; ta v0-1-1, d0, p1-1-2, r0-0-2; IV—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d14-19-12, p0, r0; ti v0-0-2, d0, p1-4-7, r0; Me v0-0-3, d0, p0-4-8, r0-0-1; ta v0, d0, p1-1-1, r1-3-2. Palp: BTA developed, displaced ventrally in relation to a middle longitudinal line along prolateral tegular surface, embolus with three keels (PAc, PS and PI) notable on prolateral and dorsal views. PS more developed than PI, PAc evident on prolateral, dorsal and retrolateral views. Serrated area in a row along PAc and embolus on all views; tegulum thin, elongated, PA well developed and ventrally displaced from the lateral border of tegulum in prolateral view ( Fig. 129 View FIGURE 129 A–C).

FEMALE (FCE-MY 977): Total length 17.12; Carapace, long 6.62; wide 6.62. Carapace anterior part square and posterior part triangular. Anterior eye row procurved, posterior row slightly recurved ( Fig. 127 B View FIGURE 127 ). Many long bristles between AME-clypeus, between PLE–ALE, between posterior eyes-fovea and between lateral eyes-edge of carapace. Sternum with eight sigilla fused medially, two distal sigilla more fused to each other than others ( Fig. 127 C View FIGURE 127 ). Rastellum protuberant, subquadrate, hirsute, with a row of short spines on the edge of rastellum and o lot of short spines covering the dorsal rastellum ( Fig. 127 View FIGURE 127 E–F). Chelicerae with 16 denticles along prolateral row of teeth. Prolateral row with five megateeth and three teeth, two basal to megateeth and one between two distal megateeth. Retrolateral row with six megateeth and three teeth between three basal megateeth ( Fig. 127 D View FIGURE 127 ). Patella III and tibiae III with distal developed crown of thorns ( Fig. 128 View FIGURE 128 A–B). Patella IV with prolaterodorsal short spines along extension of article ( Fig. 128 C View FIGURE 128 ). Tibia IV without spines and with long bristles along prolaterodorsal surface ( Fig. 128 D View FIGURE 128 ). Carapace, chelicerae, sternum, coxae, trochantera, femora, patellae, tibiae, metatarsi, tarsi and palp yellowish brown; Abdomen pale brown with a small spots of unpigmented area widespread on dorsal view ( Fig. 127 A View FIGURE 127 ). 13 labial cuspules, 65 on right maxilla and 59 on left. Eyes: Diameters: PME 0.28, PLE 0.4, ALE 0.44, AME 0.16; MOQ: Length 1.2, front width 4.08, back width 3.48; Interdistances: PME–PME 2.16, PLE–PME 0.32, AME–AME 0.24, ALE–AME 1.4, ALE–PLE 0.64, AME–PME 1. Ocular area: OAL 6, OAW 3.87, and IF 2.87. Body: Clypeus: 0.5; Fovea: 3.25; labium: long 1.5; wide 1.5; Chelicerae: long 4.12; wide 2.75; sternum: long 4.37; wide 4.12.Abdomen: long 9.87; wide 7.25. Leg measurements: I: Fe 3.5/ Pa 2.37/ Ti 1.87/ Me 1.75/ Ta 0.75/ total 10.25. II–III: 3.62/ 3/1.2/ 2.5/ 1/ 11.37. IV: 4.62/ 3.12/ 2.5/ 3/ 1.12/ 14.37. Formula 4123. Spination: I—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d0, p0, r0; ti v0, d0, p1-1-4, r3-4-2; Me v0-0-2, d0, p4-5-8, r10-9-5; ta v0- 0-4, d0, p4-3-2, r4-6-8. II—Without both leg II. III—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d0-0-34, p0-0-2, r0-0-19; ti v0, d1- 0-16, p0-0-1, r2-7-13; Me v0-0-5, d29-15-12, p0, r1-3-7; ta v17-9-9, d0-0-4, p3-0-2, r3-6-9; IV—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d20-15-10, p0, r0; ti v0, d0, p0, r0; Me v0, d0-0-1, p0-2-1, r0; ta v7-6-8, d0, p4-6-7, r0-0-3. Spermathecae: Represented by two bilobed seminal receptacles, each one longer than wide, with short duct. External lobes longer than internal lobes. Pore distribution reaching the base, 75% of apical area with a dense distribution of pores and the basal portion with widespread pores. Lateral swelling present on outer surface of each receptacle ( Fig. 129 D View FIGURE 129 ).

Distribution. URUGUAY. Rocha: La Coronilla; Tacuaembó. ARGENTINA. Buenos Aires: Sierra de La Ventana ( Map 6 View MAP 6 ).

Actinopus gerschiapelliarum Ríos-Tamayo & Goloboff, 2018

Figs 130–132 View FIGURE 130 View FIGURE 131 View FIGURE 132 , Map 6 View MAP 6

Actinopus gerschiapelliarum Ríos-Tamayo & Goloboff, 2018: 40 View in CoL View Cited Treatment , fig. 18 A–H (holotype ♂, [34 º 10’ S 58º 57’ W], Campana, Buenos Aires, 26.ii.1980, P. Goloboff leg., MACN-Ar 31441; not examined); World Spider Catalog, 2020.

Diagnosis. Males of Actinopus gerschiapelliarum share with A. goloboffi ( Ríos, 2014, fig. 1) and differs from all other species of the genus by the discontinuous thoracic fovea, interrupted in middle ( Fig. 130 B View FIGURE 130 ) and a projection in anterior angle of coxae ( Fig. 130 C View FIGURE 130 ). They differ from all other species included on the group crassipes by the PA continuous to the middle between PI and PAc ( Fig. 132 View FIGURE 132 A–B) and the presence of a cusp on embolar base and a tegular cusp below embolar base, as seen on dorsal view ( Fig. 132 B View FIGURE 132 ); the U-shaped carapace ( Fig. 130 B View FIGURE 130 ) is also diagnostic.

MALE (MACN-Ar 19837): Total length 9.12; Carapace, long 3.87; wide 3.62. Carapace anterior part tapering, and posterior part in U form. Anterior eye row slightly procurved, posterior row recurved ( Fig. 130 B View FIGURE 130 ). With seven short bristles and one long bristle between AME-clypeus. One long bristle between ALE–ALP and many short and weak bristles between PE-fovea. Sternum with eight smooth sigilla fused medially ( Fig. 130 C View FIGURE 130 ). Rastellum protuberant, inverted V-shaped, hirsute, without spines apically ( Fig. 130 View FIGURE 130 E–F). Chelicerae with four denticles along prolateral row of teeth. Prolateral row with two megateeth and four denticles in basal part of this row. Retrolateral row with five megateeth and one denticle between two basal megateeth ( Fig. 130 D View FIGURE 130 ). Patella and tibia III with distal crown of well-developed thorns, interrupted in middle and very weak in the middle of tibia III ( Fig. 131 View FIGURE 131 A–B). Patellae III and IV with spines on prolaterodorsal face ( Fig. 131 A, C View FIGURE 131 ). Patella IV without spines on dorsal surface ( Fig. 131 D View FIGURE 131 ). Ventral pseudoscopulae occupying 20% of tarsi I, 30% of II and 100% of III and IV. Pseudoscopula of tarsi I and II with setae spaced, forming diffuse group of bristles; On tarsi III and IV, compact. Carapace and chelicerae reddish brown; sternum, coxae, trochantera, femora, patella, tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi yellowish brown; Patella, tibia of palp and cymbium pale yellow than others articles and abdomen gray ( Fig. 130 A View FIGURE 130 ). Eyes: Diameters: PME 0.15, PLE 0.17, ALE 0.25, AME 0.12; MOQ: Length 0.7, front width 1.9, back width 1.85; Interdistances: PME–PME 1.2, PLE–PME 0.12, AME–AME 0.2, ALE–AME 0.57, ALE–PLE 0.35, AME–PME 0.45. Ocular area: OAL 2.87, OAW 2.5, and IF 1.25. Body: Clypeus: 0.25; Fovea: 1.87; Labium: long 0.87; wide 0.75; Chelicerae: long 2.12; wide 1.12; Sternum: long 2.12; wide 2.12. Abdomen: long 5; wide 3.75. Leg measurements: I: Fe 4/ Pa 1.62/ Ti 2.12/ Me 2.87/ Ta 1.37/ total 12. II: 3.75/ 1.62/ 2.12/ 2.37/ 1.87/ 11.75. III: 2.87/ 1.62/ 1.62/ 3.12/ 2.12/ 11.37. IV: 3.87/ 1.87/ 3.12/ 3.37/ 2.25/ 14.5. Formula 4123. Spination: I—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d0, p0, r0; ti v0-1- 3, d0, p0, r0; Me v2-2-5, d0, p1-1-2, r0-0-3; ta v3-5-9, d0, p1-2-2, r0-0-3. II—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d0, p0, r0; ti v2-1-3, d0, p0, r0-0-4; Me v4-4-5, d0, p0-1-1, r0-1-5; ta v1-5-7, d0, p1-3-2, r3-3-8. III—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d5-10-23, p0-0-2, r1-0-4; ti v0-0-3, d0-0-2, p0-0-2, r0-0- 3; Me v2-3-4, d0, p0-1-3, r0-1-4; ta v0, d0, p2-3-3, r1-3-1; IV—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0-0-1, d13-10-5, p5-5-1, r0; ti v1-3-6, d0, p0-0-2, r0; Me v3-1-5, d0, p0-1-3, r0-0-2; ta v0-0-3, d0, p4-6-10, r0-4-5. Palp: BTA developed, placed medially on prolateral tegular surface; embolus with three developed keels (PAc, PI and PS). PA well developed, continuous to a point between PI and PAc. Basal surface of tegulum with a big serrated area; prolateral surface and retrolateral surface (in dorsal view) of embolus with one denticle next to base of embolus; embolar bases thin ( Fig. 132 View FIGURE 132 A–C). Patella, tibia and cymbium of palp paler than other articles.

New Records. URUGUAY: Artigas: Arroyo Tres Cruces, 30º 27’ S 56º 48’ W, 1♂, 16.ii.1955 ( FCE-MY 53 ); 18.ii.1955 ( FCE-MY 57 ); GoogleMaps Rivera: Valle Del Platon , [31º 00’ 00.00” S 55º 41’ 00.00” W], 1♂, 20-26.ii.1966, F. Achaval leg. (MACN-Ar 19825); GoogleMaps Paysandú: Santa Rita [32º 16’ 14.44” S 58º 04’ 52.08” W], 1♂, i. 1948 (MACN-Ar 19837) GoogleMaps . ARGENTINA: Província Catamarca: Singuil, El Chorro , [27º 45’ 48.28” S 65º 49’ 54.43” W], 1♂, Partridge & Núnez leg. (MACN-Ar 19829, 1♂ removed for SEM). GoogleMaps Província Corrientes: Manantiales , [27º 55’ 26.79” S 58º 06’ 12.07” W], 1♂, iv.1945, Apóstol leg. (MACN-Ar 19839); GoogleMaps Alcorta, Santiago, [28º 46’ 59.20” S 58º 41’ 42.97” W], 1♂, Berger leg. (MACN-Ar 19828). GoogleMaps Província de Córdoba: Valle Hermoso, [31º 06’ 57.71” S 64º 28’ 54.99” W], 1♂, iii. 1943, J. M. Viana leg. (MACN-Ar 1255); GoogleMaps ii.1960, O. de’Ferrariis leg. ( AMNH); GoogleMaps Córdoba, Barrio Argüello, [31º 21’ 00.00” S 64º 15’ 00.00” W], 2♂, ii.1943, J. A. De Carlo leg. (MACN-Ar 1945); GoogleMaps 1♂4J, xii.1941, M. J. Viana leg. (MACN-Ar 19832); GoogleMaps [32º 16’ 17.10” S 64º 37’ 17” W], “El Sauce”, Calamuchita, 1♂, xii.1938, M. J. Viana leg. (MACN-Ar 19822). GoogleMaps Província de Santa Fé: Rosário, [32º 57’ 02.67” S 60º 39’ 59.40” W], 1♂, Williner (MACN-Ar 19833); GoogleMaps Província de Buenos Aires: Escobar, [34º 20’24.91” S 58º 47’ 05.79” W], 1♂, ix.1980 (MACN-Ar 19840) GoogleMaps .

Distribution: URUGUAY. Artigas: Tres Cruces; Rivera; Paysandú: Santa Rita; ARGENTINA. Catamarca: Singuil; Corrientes: Manantiales, Santiago Alcorta; Córdoba: Valle Hermoso, Córdoba, San Agustín; santa Fé: Rosário; Buenos Aires: Escobar ( Map 6 View MAP 6 ).