Pulvinaria polygonata Cockerell, 1905

Choi, Jinyeong, Soysouvanh, Pheophanh, Lee, Seunghwan & Hong, Ki-Jeong, 2018, Review of the family Coccidae (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) in Laos, Zootaxa 4460 (1), pp. 1-62 : 46-48

Pulvinaria polygonata Cockerell, 1905

( Figs 41 , 42 )

Pulvinaria polygonata Cockerell 1905: 131 .

Diagnosis. Dorsal derm with polygonal reticulations; tubular ducts present, but small ( Fig. 42E ); duct tubercles present ( Fig. 42D ). Marginal setae bluntly spinose, mostly with fimbriate apices ( Fig. 42A ). Stigmatic clefts distinct, each containing 4 or 5 stigmatic spines ( Figs 41C , 42C ). Venter with multilocular disc-pores usually each with 8 loculi, abundant around vulvar area, a few pores also present laterad of meta- and mesocoxa ( Fig. 42I ); tubular ducts of 3 types: type I each with a broad inner ductule, present on medial area of head, thorax and anterior abdomen; type II each with a narrow inner ductule, present on medial and inner submarginal area of head, thorax and abdomen; and type III each with a filamentous inner ductule, present in submarginal areas ( Figs 41D , 42J ); antenna 8 segmented (partially adopted from Williams & Watson, 1990).

Material examined. 10 ♀♀, LAOS, Kham Dist. , Xiangkhoang Prov., 2.v.2015, coll. J.Y. Choi, on Citrus sp. ( Rutaceae ).

Hosts. Polyphagous. According to García Morales et al. (2016), P. polygonata has been recorded from plants belonging to 10 genera in 7 families. In Laos, it has been found on Ficus sp. ( Moraceae ) ( Suh & Bombay 2015).

Distribution. Mainly known from Australian, Oriental ( Bangladesh, India, Laos, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan and Vietnam) and Palearctic Regions ( Suh & Bombay 2015; García Morales et al. 2016).

Economic importance. Mani & Krishnamoorthy (1998) considered P. polygonata to be a serious pest of mango ( Mangifera indica ) in India. In addition, Williams & Watson (1990) noted that P. polygonata could be a potential pest of citrus because of its host preferences. The species is frequently intercepted at U.S. ports ( Miller & Miller 2003).

Remarks. Pulvinaria polygonata closely resembles P. aurantii Cockerell , but is easily separated by the number of stigmatic spines in each spiracular cleft: P. polygonata has 4–5, whereas P. aurantii has only 3 ( Takahashi 1955b).

Figures

FIGURE 41. Pulvinaria polygonata Cockerell, 1905. A, female in life; B, slide-mounted adult female; C, stigmatic spines; D, ventral tubular ducts on submarginal area of abdomen. Scale lines for B = 0.5 mm; C = 50 µm; D = 10 µm.

FIGURE 42. Pulvinaria polygonata Cockerell, 1905, adult female, from Williams & Watson (1990). A, marginal setae; B, dorsal seta; C, stigmatic spines; D, dorsal tubercle; E, dorsal tubular duct; F, dermal areolations and dorsal microduct; G, preopercular pore; H, anal plates; I, multilocular disc-pore; J1-3, ventral tubular ducts; K, ventral microduct; L, spiracular discpore.