Ectinogonia cryptica, Anguita-Salinas & Barahona-Segovia & Poulin & Zúñiga-Reinoso, 2017

Anguita-Salinas, Simón, Barahona-Segovia, Rodrigo M., Poulin, Elie & Zúñiga-Reinoso, Alvaro, 2017, Genetic and morphological evidence for a new cryptic species of Ectinogonia (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) from central Chile, Zootaxa 4303 (2), pp. 284-292 : 286-289

Ectinogonia cryptica sp. n. Anguita-Salinas & Zúñiga-Reinoso

( Fig. 1 )

Type locality. Chile, Ñuble , Pinto, Las Comadres (- 36.88905°S, - 71.56277°W).

Type material. Holotype ♂. ( MNNC) Chile, Provincia del Ñuble, Pinto, Las Comadres (36.887703°S, 71.567068°W). 22.I.2016. leg. S. Anguita S.. Paratypes: Chile, Provincia de Curicó: 1 ind . 1 ♂. (MNHN). Molina, El Radal. I.1957 . leg. (?). Curicó, La Tabla. 1 ind. 1 ♂. (MNHN). 29.IX.1943. leg. L. E. Peña G. XI.1943. 1 ind. 1 ♂. (MNHN). leg. L. E. Peña G. 1 ind. 1 ♀. ( MZUC). Curicó, Licantén. 18.XII.1993. leg. T. Moore. 1 ind . 1 ♀. ( MZUC). Curicó, Cerro Condel. 4.XI.1999. leg. T. Moore. Provincia de Talca : 1 ind . 1 ♀. ( MZUC). Talca. XII.1978. leg. L. E. Peña. 1 ind . 1 ♀. ( MCPC). Constitución. X.2003. leg. M. Cid B. 1 ind . 1 ♀. ( MCPC). Alto Pangal. XII.1999. leg. M. Cid. B. Provincia del Ñuble: 2 ind . 2 ♀. ( MZUC). Pinto, Piedras Comadres. 12/ 19.I.1994. leg. T. Moore. Pinto, Las Comadres. 6 ind . 4 ♂ 2 ♀. 14.XI.2015. leg. S. Anguita. (SAPC). 3 ind. 1 ♂ 2 ♀. (SAPC). 22.I.2016. leg. S. Anguita. Pinto, Las Trancas. 1 ind. 1 ♂. (MEUC). 12/ 15.IV.1966. leg. L. E. Peña G. 4 ind. 2 ♂ 2 ♀. (MZUC). I.1971. leg. T. Moore. 3 ind. 1 ♂ 2 ♀. (MZUC). III.1971. leg. T. Moore. 1 ind. 1 ♀. (MZUC). I.1976. leg. T. Moore. 28 ind. 16 ♂ 12 ♀. (MZUC). XII.1988. leg. T. Moore. 1 ind. 1 ♀. (MZUC). I.1989. leg. T. Moore. 1 ind. 1 ♂. (MZUC). 2.I.1998. leg. T. Moore. 2 ind. 1 ♂ 1 ♀. (RBPC). 14.XII.2007. leg. R. Barahona. Pinto, La Invernada. 1 ind. 1 ♂. (MEUC). IV.1966. leg. (?).3 ind. 2 ♂ 1 ♀. (MNHN). 1967. leg. L. E. Peña G. 5 ind. 2 ♂ 3 ♀. (MEUC). I.1967. leg. Ocare. 1 ind. 1 ♀. (MZUC). I.1970. leg. T. Moore. Pinto, Puente Marchant. 1 ind. 1 ♀. (MZUC). 18.I.1997. leg. T. Moore. 13 ind. 4 ♂ 9 ♀. (MZUC). 15/ 30.XI.1997. leg. T. Moore. 2 ind. 1 ♂ 1 ♀. ( MZUC). Pinto, Las Cabras. 7.I.1973. leg. G. Monsalve. 12 ind . 5 ♂ 7 ♀. ( MZUC). Pinto, Los Lleuques. XI.1999. leg. J. Mondaca E. 7 ind . 3 ♂ 4 ♀. ( MZUC). Pinto, Recinto. I.1976. leg. T. Moore. 1 ind . 1 ♂. ( MZUC). Bulnes, Puente Quitasol. 29.VI.1995. leg. R. C. Caro. 2 ind . 1 ♂ 1 ♀. ( CPAR). San Fabian, Pichi Rincón. 19.I.2010. leg. A. Ramirez. 2 ind . 1 ♂ 1 ♀. ( CPAR). Estero Bullileo, San Fabian de Alico. 19.I.2011. leg. A. Ramirez. Cordillera Chillan. 6 ind . 2 ♂ 4 ♀. (MEUC). XI.1970 / II.1971. leg. Ocare. 1 ind. 1♂. (MNHN). 3.XII.1978. leg. G.Morena C. 1 ind. 1 ♀. (MNHN). 13/ 23.I.1983. leg. G.Morena C. Provincia del Bio Bio: 2 ind. 2 ♂. ( MNHN). Yumbel. I/ II.1975. leg. P. Cancino. 1 ind . 1 ♂. ( MZUC). Cabrero, Salto del Laja. 14.XII.1988. leg. T. Moore. 1 ind . 1 ♀. ( MZUC). Cabrero. 19.X.1994. leg. C. Aracena. 4 ind . 2 ♂ 2 ♀. ( MZUC). Antuco. 15.I.1987. leg. T. Moore. 11 ind . 3 ♂ 8 ♀. ( MZUC). Antuco , El Toro. 15.I.1992. leg. T. Moore. Provincia del Concepción: Florida. 1 ind . 1 ♀. (MZUC). 19.IX.1962. leg. Mendez. 1 ind. 1 ♀. (MZUC). 15.XII.1962. leg. (?). Concepcion, 1 ind. 1 ♀. ( MZUC). Bellavista. 4.IV.1969. leg. Artiguez. Provincia de Malleco : 1 ind . 1 ♀. ( MZUC). Angol. 1.XII.1936. leg. (?).Provincia de Arauco: 1 ind . 1 ♂. ( MZUC). Cañete, Chacay. 18.X1963. leg. Moyano.

Diagnosis. Based on the holotype: Dark graphite back ( E. buqueti with dorsal surface copper or bronze). Costae on the elytra slightly prominent, delimited by lines of shallow punctation and some striae ( E. buqueti and E. intermedia with deep punctation and striae). Elytral lateral margin heavily crenulated in the proximal quarter ( E. catenulata with incipient or non existent crenulations). Elytral disc decorated with transverse and reticulated rugosities between the elytral suture and the first costa. ( E. buqueti and E. intermedia are distinctly decorated with a simple wrinkle) ( Fig. 1 A).

Description. Body length 19.5mm. Dorsal side dark graphite black with coppery shine, ventral side and legs bronze.

Head. Dark graphite black and coppery. Labrum heavily punctate, anterior margin straight, with tufts of long setae at the corners. Short hairs uniformly distributed over the entire surface. Frontoclypeus wrinkled with long setae on the surface, concentrated to the central axis, clypeal suture not visible. Frons wrinkled with abundant long setae concentrated to the lateral margins. Vertex wrinkled forming raised carinae. Mentum semi rough and with long setae concentrated in the central axis. Antennae black with thin white pilosity. Antennae reach 1/3 of length of pronotal margin. First antennomere longer and wider than antennomeres II and III. Antennomeres IV–VI of similar size. Antennomeres VII–XI smaller than antennomeres IV–VI.

Thorax. Pronotum glabrous with strong punctation laterally, narrowest in the anterior third. Anterior angles rounded. Anterior margin slightly bisinuate, with setae scattered on the anterior margin. Posterior margin glabrous and slightly bisinuate. Lateral margins glabrous, crenulated, curved forward in the anterior half and almost straight in the posterior half. Posterior angles semi-raised and acute angled. Pronotal disc with two subparallel wide carinae that converge towards the anterior margin, with sparse isolated punctures, with a concentration of small punctures between carinae. Longitudinal middle carina slightly raised and semi-wrinkled. Proepisternum wrinkled and with sparse setae. Prosternum irregularly punctate with short sparse pilosity. Prosternal process cuneiform, with few punctures and longer setae in the distal portion and with a tuft of setae at the apex. Mesosternum depressed longitudinally in the central axis, with uniform setae in the depression and abundant disorganised long setae on the lateral margins. Metasternum subcaniculate on the central axis, with sparse deep punctation and sparse white setae.

Elytra. With four slightly raised costae, delimited by lines of shallow punctures. Costae interrupted by concentrated areas of fine punctures. Lateral margin heavily crenulated in the basal fourth; barely noticeable in the distal fourth. Elytral disc slightly enhanced, wrinkled and punctured. The rugosities converge from the first costa towards the elytral suture and scutellum. Punctures concentrated at the basal end of the elytral disc. Intercostal space between costa II and elytral margin with white pilosity in the basal half. Elytral suture enhanced and smooth after the basal third. Elytral epipleura with scattered medial setae in the distal third.

Abdomen. Ventrites with scattered thick white medial setae, increasing in density toward the lateral margins. Ventrite I has a bare area at the center, of subrectangular shape that continues uninterrupted onto ventrite II. Ventrite V with distal margin subtruncate.

Legs. Bronze color. Coxae dotted and with abundant white setae in the base. Trochanter with scarce pilosity. Femora punctate, with setae, longer in the lower face. Tibial punctures with short setae more abundant on the lower face. Tarsi with abundant setae in the upper face. Each tarsus with simple claws.

Male genitalia ( Fig. 1 B). Parameres heavily sclerotized, almost parallel sided narrowing at apical and a basal ends, apically terminated with an elongated sensorial process with scarce long sensory setae. Median lobe produced at apex in a strongly sclerotized V shaped process, followed by a longitudinally groove. Basal lamina of tegmen wider than long, ending in a subcurved margin.

Variability. Width and development of carinae variable; coloration ranging from copper, graphite and black, and enhancement of pronotal disc.

Sexual dimorphism. Females larger than males. Average length (standard deviation): male = 18.6 mm (±1.9) and female= 21.3 mm (±1.9). Distal margin of last ventrite is subtruncate in males, in females distal margin of last ventrite is subcurved.

Genetic differentiation. The unrooted NJ tree showed four separated and highly supported groups, each one containing the sequences of a single species ( Fig. 1 C). The genetic distance between E. cryptica sp. n. with other species (i.e. E. buqueti , E. intermedia and E. speciosa oscuripennis ) was greater than 4.6% and statistically significant (see Table 2.). According with the NJ tree and p-distances, E. cryptica sp. n., E. buqueti and E. speciosa oscuripennis exhibited similar genetic distances amongst them (4.2% to 5.4%) and low intraspecific genetic variability (0.3% to 0.8%) while E. intermedia showed higher values of both p-distance and genetic variability ( Fig. 1 C).

Etymology. The specific epithet “ cryptica ”, is an adjective, feminine that refers to the Greek word kryptikos that means hidden or enigmatic, because the species was not recognized and classified as E. buqueti .

Distribution and Bionomy. Chile, Maule and Bio Bio regions: Curicó, Talca, Linares, Ñuble, Biobío, Concepción and Arauco provinces ( Fig. 2 A). Foothills of the Andes Range and Coast Range in Concepción and Arauco provinces, close to the 1000 meters in environments with open xerophytic scrublands ( Fig. 2 B). The adults were found associated with Colletia spinossisima and C. hystrix (Rhamnaceae) ( Fig. 2 C).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Schematic abstract of the results of this study. A) Dorsal view of a paratype specimen of Ectinogonia cryptica Anguita-Salinas & Zuñiga-Reinoso sp. n., from Las Trancas, Ñuble province, bar length 10 mm; B) E. crytica aedeagus, dorsal view, bar length 1 mm. C) Not rooted NJ tree of the Ectinogonia sequences studied. The numbers over the nodes correspond to bootstrap value expressed in scale 0 to 1.

FIGURE 2. Distribution, environment and habitat of Ectinogonia cryptica Anguita-Salinas & Zuñiga-Reinoso n. sp. A) Map with the records of E. cryptica.; (B) environment in the locality of Las Comadres; (C) adult of E. cryptica on Colettia sp.