Patiscus cephalotes ( Saussure, 1877 )

Yang, Jeng-Tze & Yang, Ching-Shan, 2012, The slim mute crickets, Euscyrtinae (Orthoptera: Grylloidea; Gryllidae; Euscyrtinae) of Taiwan with three new species and lectotype designations of three of Shiraki’s species, Zootaxa 3226, pp. 1-45 : 17-20

Patiscus cephalotes ( Saussure, 1877)

( Figs. 10 , 11 & 12 )

Euscirtus cephalotes Saussure, 1877 . Mem. Soc. Geneve 25: 628.

Patiscus cephalotes Chopard, 1968 . Orth. Cat. 12: 422. Gorochov, 1985. Ent. Rev. 64(1): 140. Yin and Liu, 1995. Shanghai Sci. Tech. Liter. Pub. 118.

Coloration. Body light yellow with lateral stripes reddish brown, from head through eyes to tip of tegmen; vertex with 2 pairs of light brown stripes. Lateral view, eyes dark in middle. Pronotum yellow, lateral areas asides middle line yellowish brown. Dorsal surface of hind femur marked with brown.

External morphology. Head sub-quadrate in dorsal view, lateral margins slightly convex outward behind eyes; head longer than widest wide about 1.2: 1. Frontal rostrum very long, distinctly produced anteriorly; apical margin straight, apical half narrower than wide at level of lateral processes about 1: 6.3; basal part of frontal rostrum suddeny widened at the level of eyes, and narrower than width of head about 1: 9. Eyes oval, slightly protruding on lateral margins of vertex; eyes longer than wide about 2: 1; middle ocellus elliptical, resemblance to that of Patiscus malyanus but length of eyes in longitudinal axis shorter than rostrum in middle long about 1: 1.2; rostrum about one third of head length; head wider than widest part of frons and wider than frontal rostrum about 9.0: 6.3: 1.0. Antennal scape sub-elongate, longer than wide about 1.5: 1, shorter than head about 1: 2.6; Head longer than pronotum about 1.6: 1, head as wide as anterior part of pronotum; width at posterior margin a little narrower than that of head about 1: 1.1.

Head in lateral view sub-triangular, dorsal margin straight, frons reclined caudo-ventrally forming an angle of 80 degrees with dorsal surface; superior margin of antennal socket as long as the diameter of eyes about 1: 1; posterior margin of antennal socket foliate, produced anteriorly, anterior margin sinuate as S-shaped. Maxillary lacinia acute, inner margin curved; maxillary palpi 5 segmented, from base 1st: 2nd: 3rd =1:1.3:1; labial palpi 3 segmented, from base 1st: 2nd: 3rd = 1:1:2.

Head in anterior view pentagon; frons protruding upward, shorter than face about 1: 2.3, shorter than mouth part about 1:1.3; lateral margins of frons divergent ventrally; frons narrower at narrowest than widest part at the level of lateral process about 1: 5.6; lateral process of frons triangular reach at joint of antennal socket and eyes. Upper margin of mouth part arched upward smoothly. Mouth-part shorter than widest part about 1: 1.6; shape of mouth part, width of post clypeus/ ante-clypeus/ labrum = 1.3: 1.0: 1.1.

Pronotum saddle-like in dorsal view dorsal view, anterior margin slightly curved inward; posterior margin straight; lateral margins slightly divergent. Pronotal disc with middle line shorter than length at lateral margins about 1:1.2, shorter than anterior wide about 1: 1.3, and shorter than posterior part about 1: 1.4; posterior margin bisinuate, slightly arched posteriorlly at middle. Pronotum with lateral lobes with dorsal margin straight, running into ventral margin roundly then slowly upward dorsally formed caudo-lateral angles; dorsal length longer than width of widest part about 1.6: 1. Metanotum with metanotal gland, without transverse prominent; anterior margin straight, middle long distinct longer than width at widest part about 1.4: 1. Anterior cocavation wider than long about 1.2: 1; posterior concavation wider than long about 1.2:1.

Tegmen longer than wide about 2.8: 1, about 1/2.7 of body length, about 3/4 of abdomen. Apex reaching at abdominal segment VI; Veins divergent, without stridulate organ.

Fore-tibia with tympanum on both sides, inner one longer than outer one about 2: 1; First tarsal segment with 3 white sac like pulvillus, 3rd segment with pulvillus large and expanded; 3 tarsi almost sub-equals in length, about 1.1:1:1.1; inner margin of claws with spine near apex. Hind femur not reaching abdominal terminate, femur equals to tibia; hind tibia with lateral spines i/o = 10/8, inner side 6 groups, 10 spines and (intercalary)= 4(1)2(1)1(1)1(1)1(1)1, 5 basal teeth, outer side 6 group, 8 spines and (intercalary)= 3 (1)1(1)1(1)1(1)1(1)1, 12 basal teeth.

Male genitalia. In dorsal view, epiphallus sub-triangular; epiphallus about 2.2 times longer than cornua, cornua with apical lateral lobes curved ventrally, cornua triangular, about 1/3.6 of male genitalia; apical lobes of cornua contact to each other, about 3.6 times longer than widest wide, ventral area distinctly visible. Lateral view, epiphallus and cornua formed slender rod; cornua drop-like slightly asymmetrical; rami reaching at anterior margin of epiphallus, ectoparamere exposed. Ventral view, ectoparamere elliptical exceeding base of cornua; cornua waterdrop like, dorsal area invisible; median lobe reaching at middle of ectoparamere; apodeme long, not distinctly forked apically; contact ectoparamere at base. Subgenital plate in dorsal view elongate, truncate at apex; longer than wide about 1.9:1; lateral margins curved mesad, curved part about two third of subgenital plate; distance between curved margins narrower at the nearest part than widest parts about 1: 5.

Characters n Min. (mm) Max. (mm) Mean ± SD (mm) CV (%) Male 2

Body length 14.99 15.11 15.05 ± 0.08 0.52 Head length 2.18 2.31 2.24 ± 0.09 4.02 Head width 1.87 2.07 1.97 ± 0.14 7.11 Pronotum length 1.58 1.76 1.67 ± 0.12 7.19 Pronotum width 1.85 2.10 1.97 ± 0.17 8.63 Fore-wing length 6.28 6.40 6.34 ± 0.08 1.26 Fore-femur length 2.18 2.42 2.30 ± 0.16 6.96 Fore-tibia length 1.96 2.04 2.00 ± 0.05 2.50 Hind-femur length 8.35 8.54 8.44 ± 0.13 1.54 Hind-femur width 1.50 1.87 1.68 ± 0.26 15.48 Habitat. habitats under shadow and with wind-break.

Host plant. Panicum maximum

Specimens examined. Pingtung: Kenting, Guanshan, 1 male (777-4), 3-IV-1997, CS Yang. Taichung: Chinshuei, Ourfeng, 1 male (787-1), 19-IV-1997, CS Yang. I-Lan: River mouth of NanOur shi, 1 male (821-1), 30-VII- 1997, CS Yang.

Distribution. Taiwan (new record), China, India.

Figures

FIGURE 10. Patiscus cephalotes. A: head and pronotum, dorsal view; B: the same, lateral view; C: head, anterior view; D: metanotum, dorsal view; E: labium, ventral view; F: maxilla, lateral-ventral view; G: fore leg, inner side; H: fore leg, outer side; I: tarsus of fore leg, ventral view; J: hind tibia, inner side (left), outer side (right); K: fore wing, extended.

FIGURE 11. Patiscus cephalotes. A: male genitalia, dorsal view; B: the same, ventral view; C: the same, lateral view; D: ectoparamere, ventral view; E: subgenital plate, dorsal view.

FIGURE 12. Patiscus cephalotes. A: metanotum, dorsal view; B: dentate of anterior concave; C: dentate of posterior concave; D: anterior lateral margin.