Simulium (Hearlea) delatorrei Dalmat

Coscarón, S., Esquivel, D. R. Miranda, Moulton, J. K., Arias, C. L. Coscarón- & Bernal, S. Ibañez, 2004, Simulium (Hearlea) Vargas, Martínez Palacios, & Díaz Nájera (Diptera: Simuliidae): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis, Zootaxa 396, pp. 1-52 : 19-20

Simulium (Hearlea) delatorrei Dalmat

Figs. 2F , 3C–E, I , 5C–F

Simulium (Dyarella) delatorrei Dalmat, 1950:137–147 , Fig. 1–7 .

Simulium (Hearlea) delatorrei Dalmat, 1951: 53 ; 1955: 253–258, Figs. 103–105, 223–225, 258, 311, 351, 389, 426; Vargas, Martínez Palacios & Díaz Nájera, 1957: 170, 172, 174, Figs. 107– 115; Díaz Nájera & Vulcano, 1962:93, Figs. 51–56.

Female: Wing length, 3.1 mm. General coloration dark brown, clothed with yellow to greenish pile, very similar to S. capricorne ; scutum with 1+1 submedian silvery vittae extending from subtriangular anterior silvery spots to silvery pollinose prescutellar area, changing from whitish silver to black depending upon lighting. Frons convergent below, fronto­ocular triangle about as high than wide. Basal portion of cibarium smooth, with thin anterior margin and small median concavity ( Fig. 2F ). Sensory vesicle of maxillary palpus with abundant tubercles, ca. 1/2 of basal article length. Genitalia similar to those of S. capricorne .

Male: Wing length, 3.0 mm. General coloration similar to that of female. Eyes dark brown; scutum dark brown, bordered by silver pruinosity with anterior and posterior areas wider than lateral areas, scutum with abundant closely appressed silvery pilosity; (in specimens without pilosity, manipulation of light source enables vittae to be seen on gray tomentous pruinosity); pleurae brown, with silver pollinosity. Legs brownish, with long yellowish brown hairs. Abdomen brown blackish, with 1+1 silver spots laterally on tergites VI–VIII. Hind basitarsus 3.3 times longer than broad.

Pupa: ( Figs. 5C–F ). Cocoon slipper shaped, closed anteriorly, neatly woven (no evident threads), reinforced on anterior border ( Figs. 5C, D ). Length (basal) 3.2–3.3 mm; (dorsal) 2.5–2.8 mm. Frontoclypeus with abundant, small platelets laterally, continued medially by microscopic punctation, and 2+2 thin frontal and 1+1 stout, spine­like facial simple trichomes ( Fig. 3I ). Thorax with abundant, minute, rounded granules dorsally becoming more conical along midline; 5 simple, spine­like trichomes per side. Gill 1.8 mm, comprised of three branches; filaments stout, gradually tapered, pseudoannulated; medial branch largest, subcylindrical, apically blunt, directed anteriorly, with noticeable ventrolateral protuberance submedially; ventral branch 1/2 width of medial branch, curved medially; dorsal branch smallest, directed posteromedially. Abdominal tergite X lacking terminal spines.

Larva: (derived from Dalmat, 1955). Body length, 7 mm. General color gray, cephalic apotome darkened mediobasally. Labral fan with 39–40 primary rays. Postgenal cleft dome shaped, with deep anteromedian incision. Hypostoma with anterior margin straight and 7–9 lateral setae per side. Ratio of hypostoma/hypostomal bridge = 1.1. Mandible with 6 internal teeth arranged in 3 rows; 2 marginal teeth, second slightly longer than 1/2 length of first. Comb of prothoracic proleg lateral sclerite having 40–42 teeth. Posterior circlet with 114 rows of 19–22 hooks. Rectal papillae trilobed, with 24–25 lobules per lobe (72– 75 total).

Material examined: Guatemala: (Dalmat collection USNM) Totonicapan, río Samalá, 2 pupae (paratypes), 1 pupal exuvia (paratype), 8 April 1948; 1 pupa (paratype), 1 pupal exuvia (paratype), 5 October 1948; 2 pupal exuviae (paratypes), 5 March 1949; 1 male (allotype), 1 female (paratype), 15 March 1949; 1 male (paratype), 6 April 1949; 1 male (paratype), 13 April 1949; 1 female (paratype), 15 April 1949; 1 male (paratype), 6 October 1949; 2 females (paratypes), 6 October 1949; Chimaltenango, Acatenango, Aldea Los Pajales, río Cipres, 2 females (paratypes), 13 April 1949; 1 male, 3 females, 26 July 1949; 2 female, 9 August 1949; 2 females, 1 male, 18 August 1949; río Cocoyá , Fca. El Carmen, 5 females, 3 male, 1 April 1950; El Quiché: Chichicatenango, río El Molino , Fca. El Tesoro, 1 pupal exuvia (paratype), 13 December 1948; Sololá, Panajachel, río Catarata , 1 pupa (paratype, brocken), 9 October 1947; 1 male (paratype), 10 December 1947; río Sololá, 1 male (paratype), 6 April 1948; San Marcos, río Guatayil , Aldea El Chamaco, 1 pupa (paratype), 14 December 1947; río Samalá , 1 female (paratype), 19 March 1949; 1 female (paratype), 4 pupae, 11 October 1947; 1 pupa (paratype), 8 September 1948 ; Guatemala, ( III) unknown locality 1 female pharate, 1 male, 7 pupae .

Distribution: Guatemala: Chimaltenango, El Quiché, Guatemala, Huehuetenango, Quezaltenango, Totonicapan, San Marcos, Sololá. México: Chiapas.

Discussion: The closest species is S. estevezi but differences in the pupa and larva permit their separation. An illustration of a larva identified as S. estevezi from Mexico ( Díaz & Vulcano 1962) shows rectal papillae with only 5 lobules per lobe, differing considerably from Guatemalan populations (24–25 lobules per lobe).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Female. A–C. S. (H.) capricorne. A. front; B. fronto­ocular triangle; C. hind basitarsus. D. S. (H.) gorirossiae claw. E. S. (H.) larvispinosum claw. F–G. S. (H.) juarezi, scutum with varying lighting. H–I. S. (H.) microbranchium, scutum with varying lighting. Figures A and C, D and E, and F–I, with same respective scaling.

FIGURE 2. Female. A–E. S. (H.) capricorne, A. basal portion of cibarium, B. basal article of palpus and sensorial organ; C. VIII sternite and gonapophysis; D. paraproct and cercus; E. genital fork. F. S. (H.) delatorrei, basal portion of cibarium. G–I. S. (H.) larvispinosum, G. basal portion of cibarium, H. genital fork, I. spermatheca. (A, C, E, H, I) and (B, F) same scale respectively.

FIGURE 3. A–G Male. A. S. (H.) juarezi, scutum. B. S. (H.) capricorne hind basitarsus; C–E. S. (H.) delatorrei, C. basistylus and dististylus, D. ventral plate, E. endoparameres and median sclerite. F–G. S. (H.) larvispinosum F. basistylus and dististylus, G. ventral plate. H–I. pupa, frontoclypeus of S. (H.) capricorne and S. (H.) delatorrei respectively. (C, H) and (D, E) same scale respectively.

FIGURE 4. Pupa and respiratory organ. A, B. S. (H.) ayrozai, A. lateral view, B. dorsal view. C. S. (H.) canadense gill, lateral view; D, E. S. (H.) capricorne, D. lateral view, E. ventral view; F–I. S. (H.) ethelae, H. dorsal view; I. laterointernal view. J, K. S. (H.) microbranchium, J. lateral view, K. dorsal view; L–N. S. (H.) nigricorne N. dorsal view, M. laterointernal view. (A, D, F, H–N same scale).

FIGURE 5. Pupa and respiratory organ. A, B. S. (H.) burchi; A. lateral view, B. dorsal view. C–F. S. (H.) delatorrei; D. in laterodorsal view; E. dorsal view, F. laterointernal view. G–I. S. (H.) estevezi, H. dorsal view, I. ventral view. J–M. S. (H.) dalmati, J. lateral view, K. dorsal view, L. frontal view. M. ventral view. N–O. S. (H.) juarezi, N. lateral view, O. dorsal view. (A, B–E, G–O same scale).

FIGURE 6. Pupa and respiratory organ. A–E. S. (H.) larvispinosum; A. lateral view, B. dorsal view, C. lateroexternal view; D. laterointernal view; E. dorsolateral view, F–G. S. (H.) gorirossiae F. dorsal view. G. lateroventral view, H–I S. (H.) johnsoni, H. dorsal view, I. latero external view. J–K. S. (H.) menchacai, K. dorsal view. (A, J, K and C, B, D, I same scale respectively).

FIGURE 7. Abdominal chaetotaxy of pupa (S. (H.) capricorne, as example).