Liphistius Schiödte, 1849

Xu, Xin, Zhan, Yi, Aung, Khin Pyae Pyae, Liu, Fengxiang, Yu, Long & Li, Daiqin, 2024, Four new species of the spider genus Liphistius (Araneae, Mesothelae, Liphistiidae, Liphistiinae) from Myanmar, ZooKeys 1210, pp. 99-115 : 99-115

Genus Liphistius Schiödte, 1849

Type species.

Liphistius desultor Schiödte, 1849 from Malaysia.

Diagnosis.

Liphistius can be distinguished from the other seven genera by having the male palps bearing tibial apophysis (TiA) (Figs 3 A , 5 C , 7 C , 9 A ), clavate trichobothria on the dorsal side of cymbia and leg tarsi, and vulvae possessing median receptacular cluster ( RC) and sclerotized poreplate (PPl) (Figs 4 , 6 , 8 , 10 ).

Distribution.

China (Yunnan Province), Indonesia (Sumatra), Laos, Myanmar, Peninsular Malaysia, and Thailand.

Comments on Liphistius in Myanmar.

Eleven named Liphistius species in Myanmar were grouped into three species-groups: the birmanicus - group, comprising nine valid species; the bristowei - group, consisting of one known species; and the trang - group, also containing one known species ( Schwendinger 1990; Schwendinger et al. 2022; Sivayyapram et al. 2024). All named Liphistius species of the birmanicus - group were described based on both sexes, except for L. hpruso Aung, Xu, Lwin, Sang, Yu, Liu, Liu & Li, 2019 , which is only known from females. In this study, four new Liphistius species belonging to the birmanicus - group are described, identified according to the morphology of their copulatory organs in both sexes.

Composition of the birmanicus - group:

L. birmanicus , L. cupreus Schwendinger & Huber, 2022 , L. ferox Schwendinger & Huber, 2022 , L. hpruso , L. lahu Schwendinger, 1998 , L. lordae Platnick & Sedgwick, 1984 , L. metopiae Schwendinger, 2022 , L. nabang Yu, Zhang & Zhang, 2021 , L. pinlaung Aung, Xu, Lwin, Sang, Yu, Liu, Liu & Li, 2019 , L. platnicki Schwendinger & Huber, 2022 , L. pyinoolwin Xu, Yu, Aung, Yu, Liu, Lwin, Sang & Li, 2021 , L. tung Schwendinger, 2022 .

Figures

Figure 3. Male palp of Liphistius kalaw sp. nov. A, E prolateral view B ventral view C, F retrolateral view D dorsal view, red arrows show arched projection and triangular process of CT G distal view. Abbreviations: CT = contrategulum; cp = contrategular process; Cu = cumulus; E = embolus; PC = paracymbium; PeP = paraembolic plate; ST = subtegulum; T = tegulum; TiA = tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figure 4. Vulva of Liphistius kalaw sp. nov. A, C dorsal view B, D ventral view. Abbreviations: CDO = central dorsal opening; GA = genital atrium; PS = posterior stalk; PPl = poreplate; RC = receptacular cluster; a = length of poreplate transverse; b = width of poreplate. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figure 5. Male palp of Liphistius kanpetlet sp. nov. A, E prolateral view B ventral view; C, F retrolateral view, red arrow shows distal process of PC D dorsal view, red arrows show arched projection and triangular process of CT G distal view. Abbreviations: CT = contrategulum; cp = contrategular process; Cu = cumulus; E = embolus; PC = paracymbium; PeP = paraembolic plate; ST = subtegulum; T = tegulum; TiA = tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figure 6. Vulva of Liphistius kanpetlet sp. nov. A – C dorsal view D – F ventral view. Abbreviations: CDO = central dorsal opening; GA = genital atrium; PS = posterior stalk; PPl = poreplate; RC = receptacular cluster. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figure 7. Male palp of Liphistius nawngau sp. nov. A, E prolateral view B ventral view C, F retrolateral view D dorsal view, red arrows show arched projection and triangular process of CT G distal view. Abbreviations: CT = contrategulum; cp = contrategular process; Cu = cumulus; E = embolus; PC = paracymbium; PeP = paraembolic plate; ST = subtegulum; T = tegulum; TiA = tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figure 8. Vulva of Liphistius nawngau sp. nov. A, C dorsal view B, D ventral view. Abbreviations: CDO = central dorsal opening; GA = genital atrium; PS = posterior stalk; PPl = poreplate; RC = receptacular cluster. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figure 9. Male palp of Liphistius rostratus sp. nov. A, E prolateral view B ventral view C, F retrolateral view D dorsal view G distal view, red arrow shows beak-like contrategular projection. Abbreviations: CT = contrategulum; cp = contrategular process; Cu = cumulus; E = embolus; PC = paracymbium; PeP = paraembolic plate; ST = subtegulum; T = tegulum; TiA = tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figure 10. Vulva of Liphistius rostratus sp. nov. A, C dorsal view B, D ventral view. Abbreviations: CDO = central dorsal opening; GA = genital atrium; PS = posterior stalk; PPl = poreplate; RC = receptacular cluster. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.