Pollenia haeretica Séguy, 1928

Rognes, Knut, 2010, Revision of the cluster flies of the Pollenia haeretica species-group (Diptera, Calliphoridae), Zootaxa 2499, pp. 39-56 : 44-48

1. Pollenia haeretica Séguy, 1928

Figs. 1–15 , 30 .

Lectotype male, Algeria (Skikda [“Philippeville”] [36°54' N, 6°57' E]) (MNHN), here designated. For details, see Type material, below.

Pollenia haeretica Séguy, 1928: 374 [justified emendation of the incorrect original spelling haeretica (with a ligature of the letters a and e; cf. Code Articles 27, 32.5.2 and 33.2.2), ICZN 1999].

Note. The name haeretica was mentioned in this paper only in a key to species of Pollenia Robineau-Desvoidy. Since accompanied by diagnostic characters, the name is available from this publication, although no indication was given that the name was used to denote a new species. Neither was information provided about the number or sex of the specimens before Séguy, or about localities of capture.

Pollenia haeretica: Séguy, 1930: 146 , 148, 149 [as haeretica ].

Note. Here haeretica was included in a key to Pollenia species (p. 146), and elsewhere (in text on p. 149 and in fig. 97 on p. 148) compared to Pollenia ibalia Séguy which was described as a new species in this paper. Still no information was provided about the specimens upon which the name haeretica was based, their number, sex or where they had been captured. Séguy illustrated (fig. 97) the tip of a cercus (labelled “fe”, and termed “extrémité apicale d’une branche du forceps externe”) and the pregonite (labelled “g”, and termed “une gonapophyse antérieure”) both obviously prepared from a microscope slide of the genitalia ( Fig. 30 ).

Pollenia haeretica: Séguy, 1934: 45 , 46, 47, 49.

Note. Again, haeretica was entered in a key to Pollenia (p. 46), and its aedeagus described (p. 47) and figured in lateral view (fig. 16 on p. 49). On p. 45 (fig. 4) was given a small, low quality sketch of the tip of the cercus with its dense vestiture. Localities were provided (p. 49), but no information was provided about the number of specimens or their sex.

Pollenia haeretica: Séguy, 1941a: 21 , 23, 25, 26 [as haeretica ].

Note. Séguy again keyed haeretica (p. 21) and mainly repeated the information in his 1934 paper. A figure of the aedeagus with details of the tip of the paraphallic process (fig. 22 on p. 23) was provided together with a figure of the tip of a cercus (fig. 21) (now termed “extrémité d’une branche du forceps interne”, although in his 1930 paper the term “forceps externe” was used). The latter figure (fig. 21) resembles the sketch published by Séguy (1934: fig. 4 on p. 45) but the vestiture is shown much less dense.

Pollenia haeretica: Zumpt, 1956: 73 .

Note. Zumpt did not see any specimens of haeretica , and copied Séguy’s (1934, 1941a) figure of the aedeagus (Textfig. 31, right hand figure).

Sachtlebeniola (Séguyiomyia) haeretica: Lehrer, 1963: 293 .

Note. Lehrer grouped haeretica with vagabunda (Meigen) , contempta Robineau-Desvoidy and ibala Séguy (error for ibalia ).

Nitellia (Trichopollenia) haeretica: Lehrer, 1967: 258 .

Note. Lehrer again grouped haeretica with vagabunda (Meigen) , contempta Robineau-Desvoidy and ibala (error for ibalia ) Séguy, although assigning them to other nominal genera and subgenera than in 1963.

Pollenia haeretica: Schumann, 1986: 46 . Catalogue entry.

Pollenia haeretica: Rognes, 1992a: 97 .

Note. Rognes did not accept that haeretica (and ibalia Séguy ) belonged in the vagabunda species-group.

Pollenia haeretica: Rognes, 1992b: 235 .

Note. Rognes keyed (p. 235) and characterised (p. 248) the P. haeretica species-group (p. 245) for two species, P. haeretica and P. ibalia , and provided a preliminary cladistic analysis of its relationship with other Pollenia speciesgroups.

Pollenia haeretica: Rognes , in press.

Note. Rognes recorded the species from several localities in Sardinia, which were the first published records of the species from Europe.

Diagnosis. Male. Length: 6–9mm (mean 7.3mm, n=11). Head. Frons at narrowest / head width ratio: 0.121–0.158 (mean 0.139, n=14). Genitalia. Cerci broad in dorsal view; apices appearing truncated, slightly upturned distally in lateral view and covered with a very conspicuous and very dense brush of brownish setulae at the inside of each tip. In lateral view the long erect setae present on the dorsal surface proceed distally all the way to the tip. Surstylus slightly narrowed in distal third and covered with short spiny setae on the external surface for its whole length, except at the extreme base where a couple of long setae are present and visible in dorsal view. There are also a few short spinous setae on the inside of the incurved tip. Pregonite a broad-based triangle in lateral view.

Female. Length: 5–9mm (mean 7.3mm, n=15). Head. Frons at vertex / head width ratio: 0.339–0.392 (mean 0.364, n=16). Ovipositor ( Figs. 13, 14 ). T6 short, undivided, without microtrichiae on disc and along hind edge. ST6 with microtrichiae on disc in hind fifth. T7 with weakly sclerotised middle part narrower than strongly sclerotised lateral halves, no microtrichiae anywhere on disc or along margin. ST7 also without microtrichiae except in a narrow zone around the marginal setae. Pleural membrane 7 microtrichiose. T8 with two narrow sclerotised lateral parts with a much broader weakly sclerotised in between, everywhere without microtrichiae; marginal setae a little in front of hind margin. ST8 narrow in middle, without microtrichiae. Pleural membrane 8 without microtrichiae. Epiproct microtrichiose. Cerci with microtrichiae in distal half, mostly along edges. Setae on epiproct and cerci of the long slightly wavy type, not spine-like. Hypoproct with microtrichiae all over and with short setae on disc and long setae along margin. (Two flat-mounted ovipositor slides examined, G.pr. 314, 315). Internal reproductive system. Spermathecae circular. Lateral sacs very slightly curved tubes with unsclerotised inner wall ( Fig. 15 ).

Immatures. Unknown.

Biology. According to label data P. haeretica has been captured in the months of March, April, May, June, August, September. No breeding data are available.

Distribution. Algeria, Italy (Sardinia), Tunisia.

Material examined. Type material. Pollenia haeretica Séguy, 1928 . The provenance of the material before Séguy was not published until his 1934 paper, where it was presented as follows “ Algérie: Philippeville [now = Skikda] (Théry); Rocher-Blanc [now =?], Rouiba [now in eastern part of the city of Alger], Alger (Surcouf)”. The last mention of Surcouf’s name obviously refers to specimens from Rocher-Blanc, Rouiba and Alger. These data were repeated by Séguy (1941a). The number and sex of the material have never been specified. I have traced all material in MNHN that possibly qualifies as syntypes of haeretica , and it is detailed below.

Specimens labelled with locality names corresponding to those listed by Séguy and placed under haeretica in the MNHN collection have been accepted prima facie as syntypes. In addition I have accepted as syntypes specimens from Algeria found under haeretica in MNHN carrying labels reading “… Dept. d’Alger / Fort de l’Eau / J. Surcouf 1921”, “...Boghari”, “… Algérie / Boghari / Coll. J. Surcouf 1919” and “Tadmit”, even though none of the localities Fort de l’Eau [now = Bordj El Kiffan, in eastern part of Alger], Boghari [now = Ksar el Boukhari, about 100km SSW of Alger] or Tadmit [between Laghouat and Djelfa, in the easternmost part of the “Saharien Atlas” mountains] have ever been published by Séguy for haeretica . However, I consider the fact that all specimens from these localities (except one, see next paragraph) were found under haeretica in the MNHN collection and all likely to have been known to Séguy, even very likely placed there by himself, constitutes “unpublished” evidence for considering them as being part of the type series, in accordance with Article 72.4.1.1 of the Code ( ICZN 1999). This article allows that “[f]or a nominal species ... established before 2000, any evidence, published or unpublished, may be taken into account to determine what specimens constitute the type series.”

I have with some doubt also accepted as syntype a male from Boghari found under “ P. vespillo ” and which carries a single blue locality label identical to the one on a conspecific female found under P. haeretica . Likewise, I have accepted as syntype a female from Rouiba found in the collection under “ P. atramentaria ”, since it carries labels identical with those on a conspecific Rouiba male found under P. haeretica (including a white hand-written locality label with date of capture rendered as 15.5.12).

No type designation was made in the original publication of Séguy (1928) where the name haeretica was validly introduced. To fix the identity of the name Pollenia haeretica Séguy I have selected and labelled a lectotype (see below). I have labelled all the remaining syntypes with red paralectotype labels ( haeretica Séguy ). All the original syntypes are conspecific except for a female from Alger which belongs to Phyto Robineau-Desvoidy (probably P. discrepans Pandellé ) ( Rhinophoridae ) (see below). All the paralectotypes have been given my determination label (20 Pollenia haeretica Séguy and 1 Phyto discrepans Pandellé ).

Lectotype male, here designated, in MNHN, labelled ( Fig. 10 ) (1) “PHILIPPEVILLE / ALGÉRIE / A. THERY ” [printed on brownish label]; (2) “MUSEUM PARIS / ALGÉRIE / PHILIPPEVILLE / A. THÉRY 1903” [printed, except the “A” and the “3” in the last line, which are handwritten, a black frame around label]; (3) “ TYPE ” [black print on red label]; (4) “ Pollenia / haeretica / Séguy 1928 / TYPE.” and [along the left side of the label] “2787” [all handwritten by Séguy on white label]; (5) “Prep. 289 / + 294 NB! / K. Rognes det.” [handwritten by K.R. except last line which is printed]. (6) My lectotype label ( Pollenia haeretica Séguy ).

The lectotype is in good shape and lacks the left wing. It has been dissected by Séguy, as witnessed by the abdominal tip which has the genitalia removed. In MNHN are two slides prepared by Séguy from this specimen. The first, slide no. 289, is a Canada balsam mount of the left wing being labelled “289 / Algérie / P / Correspond à / l’insecte 2787” [left side of slide] and “ Pollenia / haeretica / Séguy / Aile gauche du / TYPE 2787” [right side of slide] [both labels handwritten by Séguy]. The second, slide no. 294, is a Canada balsam mount of the ST5 and the genitalia, being labelled “294 / Algerie / Philippeville / A. Théry” [left side of slide] and “ Pollenia / haeretica /Séguy TYPE. / Correspond à / 2787” [right side of slide] [both labels handwritten by Séguy]. The number /2787 on both slides showed that they had been prepared from the lectotype which has the same number on its label. Paralectotypes (21 specimens, all in MNHN. Some MNHN specimens were badly damaged in transit when borrowed, and a few heads, legs and abdomens were broken off.): 5 females with labels identical to the two upper ones on the lectotype male (see above), and all pinned very high on the pins. One of them was dissected by K.R. in 1990, and carries two additional labels: (3) “G.pr. 314 / K. Rognes det. 90”; (4) “ Pollenia Ψ ST / haeretica Ség. / K. Rognes det. 90” [both handwritten except for the text “K. Rognes det.” which is printed]. The head is pinned below the labels, and the abdomen had been glued to a card below the pinned head. Due to an accident in the mail the abdomen had come loose from the card and is now not recoverable from among the debris left in the box from the accident. The uterus and spermathecae are in glycerol in a glass microvial on the pin above label (3), and the ovipositor and ST1–5 flat-mounted in Euparal on a separate slide labelled «“Philippeville / Algérie / A. THÉRY ” (1) / “…. 1903” (2) / MNHN Paris / Euparal» [left side of slide] and «G. pr. 314 / Pollenia Ψ / haeretica Séguy / SYNTYPE / ST1–5 / ovipositor / K. Rognes 25/3.90» [right side of slide] [both in K.R.’s handwriting] (also in MNHN). Two females are intact. A fourth female lacks the head. The fifth female has lost both the head and the abdomen. 2 females labelled (1) “MUSEUM PARIS / ALGER / J. SURCOUF 1922” [printed on blue labels]; (2) “ JUIN ” and “ AOUT ”, respectively. The “ AOUT ” specimen is a rhinophorid and belongs to Phyto Robineau-Desvoidy , probably Phyto discrepans Pandellé. It has been given a label to this effect. 3 males and 1 female labelled “ ALGÉRIE / ROCHER-BLANC / (LE CORSO) / J. SURCOUF / MAI – JUIN 1912 ” [printed on yellowish label]. One of the males has been dissected by Séguy as witnessed by the abdominal tip which lacks the genitalia. I have given it a second label reading “Prép. / 290 / K. Rognes det.” [handwritten except for last line]. The number “290” refers to a slide in MNHN which is a Canada balsam mount of the ST5 and the genitalia of the dissected male. The slide itself is labelled “290” [left side] and “ Pollenia / haeretica Séguy / TYPE ” [right side] [both labels handwritten by Séguy], but the “ TYPE ” reference cannot be to the lectotype specimen. There is nothing written on the slide that connects it to the dissected specimen, except for the name. But the fact that it is the only dissected specimen of Pollenia haeretica in MNHN besides the lectotype proves that the slide no. 290 belongs to this specimen. The “ TYPE ” reference on the slide must have been put there before Séguy decided what specimen he would give the red “ TYPE ” label (which turned out to be the one labelled “2787”). 2 males and 2 females all labelled “MUSEUM PARIS / ROUIBA / (DEP’ D’ALGER) / J. SOURCOUF 1923” [printed on blue label]. Of these 1 male and 1 female carry an additional label above the printed blue label reading “Rouiba / 15.5.12 ” [handwritten in Surcouf’s handwriting]. The male has been dissected by K.R., and the abdominal T1–5 are glued to a piece of card on the pin above the labels and the ST1–5 and the genitalia are kept in glycerol in a glass microvial pinned below the original labels. The female was found in the MNHN collection under “ Pollenia atramentaria ” together with a headless female of Pollenia leclercqiana (Lehrer) , and a male and a female of Pollenia venturii Zumpt , all from France. 1 male and 1 female carry an additional label below the blue printed label reading “ JUIN ” [printed]. 2 females labelled “MUSEUM PARIS / ALGÉRIE / Dépt d’Alger / Fort-de-l’Eau / J. SURCOUF 1921” [printed on yellowish label]. One of them was dissected by K.R. in 1990. The uterus (with an egg) and the spermathecae are kept in glycerol in a glass microvial on the pin. The abdominal T1–5 are glued to a card above the labels. The pin carries two additional labels: (2) “G. pr. 315 / K. Rognes det. 90” (3) “ Pollenia Ψ / haeretica Ség. / K. Rognes det. 90” [both these labels handwritten except “K. Rognes det.” which is printed]. The ovipositor and ST1–5 are flat-mounted in Euparal on a separate slide labelled «“MUSEUM PARIS / ALGÉRIE / Dept. d’Alger / Fort de l’Eau / J. SURCOUF 1921” MNHN Euparal» [left side of slide] and “G. pr. 315 / Pollenia Ψ / haeretica Séguy / ST1–5 / ovipositor / K. Rognes 25/3.90» [right side of slide] [both in K.R.’s handwriting] (also in MNHN). 1 male and 1 female labelled “ ALGERIE / Boghari” [printed on blue label, except last line which is handwritten]. The male carries an additional label reading “ Pollenia ɗ / haeretica Ség. / K. Rognes det. 90” [handwritten except “K. Rognes det.” which is printed]. I dissected the male in 1990, and the abdominal T1–5 are glued to a piece of card on the pin above the labels and the ST1–5 and the genitalia are kept in glycerol in a glass microvial pinned below the red paralectotype label. The male was found in MNHN under “ Pollenia vespillo ” together with 1 male and 1 female of Pollenia venturii Zumpt from France and 2 females of P. amentaria Scopoli from Algeria (Rocher Blanc, Surcouf leg.). The female was found under Pollenia haeretica . 1 male labelled “MUSEUM PARIS / ALGÉRIE / BOGHARI / Coll. J. SURCOUF 1919” [printed on yellowish label]. This male has the cerci and surstyli visible. 1 female labelled (1) “TADMIT / AVRIL 1893 ” [printed]; (2) “MUSEUM PARIS / ALGÉRIE / P. LESNE 6-97” [printed on yellowish label].

Other material (all have been given my determination label ( haeretica Séguy )). BMNH: 1 male labelled “Sardegna / Sorgono [in the Nuoro province of Sardinia] / Krausse” [handwritten] (dissected by K.R. 2 Oct 2009). CNBF: 1male labelled “I, Sardegna (Medio Campidano) / Villacidro dint. P.ta Piscina Argiolas / Serbatoio 282m / UTM-WGS 84 32S 0472049 4360081 / 14.XI.2006 retino a vista / D. Whitmore leg. / Progetto Sardegna – CNBF ”. The cerci and surstyli are visible. 1 male labelled “I, Sardegna (Medio Campidano) / Villacidro, Torrente Leni 300 m / UTM-WGS 84 32S 0 471317 4360510 / 9.IX.2006, retino / (D. Avesani, M. Bardiani, D. Birtele / G. Nardi leg. / Progetto Sardegna – CNBF ”. Note. The cerci and surstyli are visible. 1 female labelled “ ITALIA – Sardegna (OR) / Dune di Piscinas / 21.IX.2004 (retino) / P. Cerretti, M. Tisato leg.”. The locality is in the province Medio Campidano even though labelled as if from OR [= Oristano]; 1 female labelled “I – Sardegna (Cagliari) / Arbus, Piscinas, dune / UTM-WGS 84 32S 0 452927 4376897 / 21.IX.2004 retino / D. Birtele, P. Cerretti, E. Gatti / F. Mason, D. Whitmore legit”. The locality is in the province of Medio Campidano even though labelled as if from Cagliari; 2 females labelled “I – Sardegna (Carbonia-Iglesias) / Domusnovas, lago Siuru, 322 m / UTM-WGS 84 32S 0 467069 4357916 / 20-23.V.2006 trappola Malaise / M. Bardiani, D. Birtele, P. Cornacchia / D. Whitmore legit / Progetto Sardegna – CNBF ”; 1 female labelled “I – Sardegna (Carbonia-Iglesias) / Domusnovas, Valle Oridda, 592 m / UTM-WGS 84 32S 0 466973 4362228 / 2.V–16.V.2006, Malaise trap S3 / G. Chessa legit / Progetto Sardegna – CNBF ”. KR: 1 male 1 female labelled “ ITALIA – Sardegna (OR) / Dune di Piscinas / 21.IX.2004 (retino) / P. Cerretti, M. Tisato leg”. Note. The male has the cerci and surstyli visible. The locality is in the province Medio Campidano even though labelled as if from OR [= Oristano]; 1 female labelled “I – Sardegna (Carbonia- Iglesias) / Domusnovas, lago Siuru, 322 m / UTM–WGS 84 32S 0 467069 4357916 / 20-23.V.2006 trappola Malaise / M. Bardiani, D. Birtele, P. Cornacchia, / D. Whitmore legit / Progetto Sardegna – CNBF ”. ZMUC: 1 male labelled (1) “ TUNISIA / 10km N Korba / 29.iii.1986 / Zool. Mus. Copenhagen Exp.”; (2) “ Pollenia ɗ / ibalia Ség. / K. Rognes det. 86”; (3) “ Pollenia ɗ / haeretica Ség. / K. Rognes det. 90”; (4) “ Pollenia (m) / haeretica Séguy / K. Rognes det. / 2009” [labels (2) and (3) are handwritten, except “K. Rognes det.” which is printed; label (4) is printed except “2009” which is handwritten]. Dissected by K.R. in 1990. Abdominal T1–5 glued to card above label, ST1–5 and genitalia in glycerol in glass microvial between labels (3) and (4). 1 male labelled (1) “ TUNISIA / Tabarka area / 7-18.v.1988 / Zool. Mus. Copenhagen Exp.”; (2) “ Pollenia / haeretica / ibalia / Séguy / K. Rognes det.” [printed]; (3) “ Pollenia (m) / haeretica Séguy / K. Rognes det.” [printed]. The cerci and surstyli are visible.

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 10. Pollenia haeretica Séguy, male (1 – 5 from “ Tunisia, 10 km N Korba … ” specimen in ZMUC; 6, 9 from “ Sorgono, Sardegna … ” specimen in BMNH; 7 – 8, 10 from lectotype of Pollenia haeretica Séguy in MNHN). 1. Aedeagus, left lateral view. 2. Tip of paraphallic process (large magnification). 3. Pre- and postgonites. 4. Cerci and surstyli, posterior view. 5. Cerci, surstyli, epandrium and bacilliform sclerites, left lateral view. 6. Tip of cerci (large magnification). 7. Head, dorsal view. 8. Facial region, from in front. 9. Abdomen, oblique view. 10. Four original labels and K. R. ’ s label referring to MNHN slides.

FIGURES 11 – 15. Pollenia haeretica Séguy male and female (11 from lectotype of Pollenia haeretica Séguy in MNHN, slide 289; 12 from male labelled “ … Villacidro ... 14. XI. 2006 … ” in CNBF; 13 – 14 from slide “ G. pr. 314 ” made from dissected female paralectotype labelled “ Philippeville ... ” in MNHN; 15 from glycerol preparation of the internal genitalia of the same female paralectotype in MNHN). 11. Wing tip. 12. Wing tip. 13. Ovipositor, flat mount. 14. Tip of ovipositor, flat mount. 15. Uterus with lateral sacs and spermathecae; arrow points to lumen of a lateral sac. Scale = 0.25 mm (Figure 15).

FIGURES 26 – 30. 26 – 29. Pollenia ibalia Séguy, male (from holotype of Pollenia rungsi Séguy in MNHN). 26. Aedeagus, left lateral view. 27. Aedeagus, dorsal (posterior) view. 28. Tip of cerci, slightly oblique view. 29. Three original labels, determination label and holotype label by K. R. 30. Right pregonite and tip of cercus of P. ibalia (left) and P. haeretica (right) [reproduced from Séguy 1930: 148, figs. 96 and 97, by permission].