Ctenocolum martiale Kingsolver & Whitehead, 1974

Albuquerque, Felícia Pereira De, Manfio, Daiara & Ribeiro-Costa, Cibele Stramare, 2014, A contribution to the knowledge of New World Bruchinae (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae): taxonomic revision of Ctenocolum Kingsolver & Whitehead, with description of five new species, Zootaxa 3838 (1), pp. 1-45 : 26-28

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.3838.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:1534C775-D28D-470F-9AEC-8BABB3D8FA56
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6124239
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FF87F5-FFF0-FFE5-38AD-FB2DFD3873AD
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scientific name	Ctenocolum martiale Kingsolver & Whitehead, 1974
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( Figs. 11 View FIGURES 8 – 16 , 25 View FIGURES 22 – 30 , 37 View FIGURES 35 – 43 , 48 View FIGURES 47 – 52 , 56 View FIGURES 53 – 60 , 69 View FIGURES 66 – 71 , 81 View FIGURES 79 – 84 , 93 View FIGURES 91 – 99 )

Ctenocolum martiale Kingsolver & Whitehead (1974a) : 287, 305, 311 (original description, key, characters, distribution, figures, type-locality: “ Mexico, Veracruz, Laguna Del Majahual, Los Tuxtlas”, host plant); Johnson & Kingsolver (1981): 419 (catalog); Udayagiri & Wadhi (1989): 79 (catalog); Johnson (1998): 149 (distribution, host plant); Romero & Johnson (2004): 623 (catalog).

Caryedes martiale: Lorea-Barocio et al. (2006): 518 (catalog).

Type material. Ctenocolum martiale Kingsolver & Whitehead, 1974a . Holotype deposited in USNM, male: “ex Lonchocarpus / cruentus Lundell / M.Sousa # 3353” [white label handwritten in black]; “ MEX. Ver. Laguna/ del Majahual,/ Los Tuxtlas. 100 m. / 30 Nov. 1967 ” [white label handwritten in black]; “ HOLO / 72799” [red label, HOLO letters printed in black and 72799 numbers handwritten in black]; “ TYPE ” [red label printed in black]; “♂” [white label printed in black]; “ HOLOTYPE / Ctenocolum / martiale / Kings. + Whd” [white label with red margin, HOLOTYPE letters printed in red, remainder handwritten in black]. 8 paratypes deposited in USNM, 1 female and 1 male: “Bot. N 589/ Mexico ” [white label handwritten in black]; “Collection/ Chittenden” [white label handwritten in black]; “Tail Cleared” [white label handwritten in black]; “ PARATYPE / Ctenocolum / martiale / Kings. + Whd.” [white label with blue margin, PARATYPE letters printed in blue, remainder handwritten in black]. 1 male: “ex Lonchocarpus / cruentus Lundell / M.Sousa # 3353” [white label handwritten in black]; “ MEX.Ver. Laguna/ del Majahual,/ Los Tuxtlas, 100 m. / 30 Nov. 1967 ” [white label handwritten in black]; “♂” [white label printed in black]; “ PARATYPE / Ctenocolum / martiale / Kings. + Whd.” [white label with blue margin, PARATYPE letters printed in blue, remainder handwritten in black]. 1 female: “ Mexico ” [white label handwritten in black]; “Collection/ Chittenden” [white label handwritten in black]; “ MEX. Guerrero./ Acapulco vic./ x.1894 – III. 1895 / E. Palmer # 589” [white label handwritten in black]; “ Lonchocarpus / constrictus / Pittier/ USNMherb.” [white label handwritten in black]; “ PARATYPE / Ctenocolum / martiale / Kings. + Whd.” [white label with margin and PARATYPE letters printed in blue, remainder handwritten in black]; “♀” [white label printed in black]. 1 male: “Acapulco./ Mex” [white label handwritten in black]; “on Lonchocarpus / Bot.N 589.” [white label handwritten in black]; “Collection Chittenden” [white label handwritten in black]; “divaricatus” [white label handwritten in black]; “habitus drawing” [white label handwritten in black]; “ PARATYPE / Ctenocolum / martiale / Kings. + Whd.” [white label with blue margin, PARATYPE letters printed in blue, remainder handwritten in black];“♂” [white label printed in black]. 1 female: “Acapulco./ Mex.” [white label handwritten in black]; “ Bot. N 226.” [white label handwritten in black]; “Collection Chittenden” [white label handwritten in black]; “ Ctenocolum / acapulcensis ” [white label handwritten in black]; “Same herb./ Shut as Ct./ acapulcensis / det. D.R.Whitehead/ Lonch./ eriocarinalis / Micheli/ det. D.R.Whitehead” [white label printed and handwritten in black]; “ PARATYPE / Ctenocolum / martiale / Kings. + Whd.” [white label with blue margin, PARATYPE letters printed in blue, remainder handwritten in black]; “♀” [white label printed in black]. 1 male: “Acapulco/ Mex.” [white label handwritten in black]; “on Lonchocarpus / Bot.N 589” [white label handwritten in black]; “Collection Chittenden” [white label handwritten in black]; “ PARATYPE / Ctenocolum / martiale / Kings. + Whd.” [white label with blue margin, PARATYPE letters printed in blue, remainder handwritten in black]; “♂” [white label printed in black]. 1 female: “ MEX. Oax. Loma/ del Chivo, 50 m.,/ “ Chiltepec, Tuxtepec/ 9 may 1968 ” [white label handwritten in black]; “ex Lonchocarpus / cruentus Lund. / M. Sousa # 366 V” [white label handwritten in black]; “divaricatus” [white label handwritten in black]; “drawn” [white label handwritten in black]; “ PARATYPE / Ctenocolum / martiale / Kings. + Whd.” [white label with blue margin, PARATYPE letters printed in blue, remainder handwritten in black]; “♀” [white label printed in black].

Note. Kingsolver & Whitehead (1974) quoted the holotype is deposited in the USNM and the thirteen paratypes in the CNC and USNM. The holotype and the eight paratypes received from USNM were examined and coincide with the description.

Additional material. MEXICO: Nayarit: 2, 5 mi. S Rosamorada, 04.III.1979, reared seeds 600-79, C. D. Johnson col. ( TAMU); 1, same information ( DZUP). Jalisco: 1, Chamela, 31.I.1980, A. Pescador R. col., Lonchocarpus eriocarinalis ( USNM); 3, La Huerta, Rancho Cuixmala, 1992, #1033, L. Rico col., reared seeds Lonchocarpus eriocarinalis ( TAMU). Michoacán: 1, 13 km W Playa Azul, 29.XII.1979, reared seeds 1172-79, C. D. Johnson col., same host plant ( TAMU).

Diagnosis. Ctenocolum martiale is different from C. milelo , C. podagricus and C. triangulatus by having striae 3 and 4 of elytra with conspicuous teeth at base. This species differs from all other species mainly by the male genitalia with the internal sac bilobate, elongate with dense spines and the presence of a hollow sclerite ( Fig. 81 View FIGURES 79 – 84 ).

Redescription. BL: 2.6–4.4 mm; BW: 2.0– 2.6 mm.

Integument. Dorsum in general black and reddish brown. Antenna brown and dark brown, sometimes first 3 antennomeres paler ( Figs. 11, 12 View FIGURES 8 – 16 ). Pygidium reddish brown or reddish brown and black or rufous. Ventral region reddish brown and black sometimes adding brown. Front and middle femur and tibia variegated from pale brown to dark brown and reddish brown; hind femur reddish brown and from dark brown to black.

Pubescence. Pronotum brown, white and black; sparse setae exposing the integument forming an oval, wide area from anterior to posterior region divided or not by transversal and longitudinal strip or only by transversal strip of denser setae and on each lateral region one small area ( Figs. 11, 12 View FIGURES 8 – 16 ). Elytra slightly or strongly variegated with brown, black and white setae; interstria 3 with white or yellowish gray setae forming a short dense or sparse strip at base and at submedian region with short dense or sparse strip of white setae ( Figs. 11, 12 View FIGURES 8 – 16 ). Pygidium densely white and yellowish gray, some females white and brown ( Fig. 48 View FIGURES 47 – 52 ), except on two basal, four lateral, one apical small areas with sparse setae and on median region a larger area with sparse setae ( Figs. 37 View FIGURES 35 – 43 , 48 View FIGURES 47 – 52 ). Ventral region dark brown and white ( Fig. 56 View FIGURES 53 – 60 ).

Head. Ocular sinus 0.2–0.3 mm; ocular index 4.2–5.4; length of eyes in frontal view behind sinus 0.07–0.10 mm ( Fig. 25 View FIGURES 22 – 30 ). Antenna serrate from antennomere 3-10 in male and from 4-10 in female. Frons with frontal carina ( Fig. 25 View FIGURES 22 – 30 ).

Prothorax. Pronotum with median gibbosity slightly elevated, not divided by longitudinal and transversal sulcus ( Fig. 56 View FIGURES 53 – 60 ); lateral gibbosity slightly to moderately elevated; basal lobe with depression and slightly or strongly emarginated ( Figs. 11, 12 View FIGURES 8 – 16 ).

Mesothorax and metathorax. Elytra, striae with punctures moderately impressed; conspicuous teeth at base of striae 3 and 4 ( Fig. 11 View FIGURES 8 – 16 ); tooth of stria 4 closer to base of tooth of stria 3 than to anterior margin of elytra; stria 6 conspicuously impressed. Hind femur ( Fig. 69 View FIGURES 66 – 71 ) on external ventral margin with toothed carina; without denticles above of external ventral margin; pecten with 8–10 teeth. Hind tibia ( Fig. 69 View FIGURES 66 – 71 ) strongly emarginated beside mucro; lateral coronal denticles present.

Abdomen. Pygidium of female subequal, subtriangular ( Fig. 48 View FIGURES 47 – 52 ), of male longer than wide, oval ( Fig. 37 View FIGURES 35 – 43 ), at median basal region with moderately impressed punctures.

Male genitalia. Median lobe, ventral valve wider than long, lateral margin concave on subapical region ( Fig. 81 View FIGURES 79 – 84 ), basal margin slightly emarginated. Internal sac, lateral apex with short tuft of setae, hinge sclerite similar to stick, long, extending through subapical region; subapical and median regions with homogeneously distributed spicules, at median region dense spicules in lateral strip; submedian region with spicules and squamous hollow sclerite ( Fig. 81 View FIGURES 79 – 84 ); basal region bilobate elongate and with dense spines. Tegmen ( Fig. 93 View FIGURES 91 – 99 ), lateral lobes separated by emargination about 0.7 times the length of lateral lobes; internal margin near end of emargination straight, forming a “V”; expanded at apex, about 4 times the smallest width on median region; without membranous projection at apex.

Note. Kingsolver & Whitehead (1974a) remarked that the pubescence of C. martiale is sexually dimorphic dorsally. Because we studied more specimens than the authors ( Kingsolver & Whitehead 1974a), it was possible to conclude that the pubescence color pattern on the dorsum corresponds to intraspecific variation (Figs. 11,12).

Distribution. Neotropical region: Mexico (Nayarit, Jalisco, Veracruz, Michoacán, Guerrero, Oaxaca), Trinidad and Tobago ( Trinidad).

Host plants (Tables I–II). Papilionoideae : Lonchocarpus constrictus Pittier , L. eriocarinalis Micheli. , L. sericeus (Poir.) DC. (= L. cruentus Lundell ).

USNM	Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History
CNC	Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes
DZUP	Universidade Federal do Parana, Colecao de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure

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Taxonomy

Kingdom	Animalia
Phylum	Arthropoda
Class	Insecta
Order	Coleoptera
Family	Chrysomelidae
Genus	Ctenocolum