Ampithoe, Leach, 1814

Alves, Jessika, Neves, Elizabeth G. & Johnsson, Rodrigo, 2023, New species of Ampithoe Leach, 1814 from Todos-os-Santos Bay, Bahia State, Brazil, Journal of Natural History 57, pp. 2006-2027 : 2018-2024

Taxonomic key to Ampithoe species of the word

1. Antenna 2 peduncle article 4 posterodistal corner acutely produced …........................... ........................................................................................................... A. vacoregue J.L. Barnard, 1979

Antenna 2 peduncle article 4 posterodistal corner not produced …...................................... 2

2. Antenna 2 peduncle articles 4 and 5 with medial cone-teeth ................................................ .................................................................................................................... A. tahue J.L. Barnard, 1979

- Antenna 2 peduncle article 4 and 5 without medial cone-teeth ..................................... 3

3. Pereopods 5–7 propodus distoventral corner expanded, prehensile looking .................. ............................................................................................... A. pomboi Mateus and Mateus, 1974

- Pereopods 5–7 propodus distoventral corner not expanded, not prehensile looking.............................................................................................................................................. 4

4. Gnathopod 1 basis shorter than coxa 1 ..................................................................................... 5

- Gnathopod 1 basis longer than coxa 1 ...................................................................................... 7

5. Mandibular palp article 3 with simple distal setae ....................................................................... ....................................................................................... A. hirsutimanus Ortiz and Lemaitre, 1997

- Mandibular palp article 3 with simple plumose setae ......................................................... 6

6. Telson distal margin convex ................................................................ A. rachanoi Peart, 2002

- Telson distal margin straight ................................... ................................... A.katae Peart, 2007

7. Gnathopod 2 basis subequal to or shorter than coxa 2 ...................................................... 8

- Gnathopod 2 basis longer than coxa 2 ...................................................................................... 9

8. Gnathopod 2 basis shorter than coxa 2, propodus palm acute with V-shaped excavation ................................................................................................................ A. atauro Hughes, 2015

- Gnathopod 2 basis subequal to coxa 2, propodus palm transverse, without excavation ........................................... ........................................... A. merimbula Peart, 2007

9. Male gnathopod 2 subequal in size to gnathopod 1 ......................................................... 10

- Male gnathopod 2 bigger than gnathopod 1 ........................................................................ 11

10. Male gnathopod 1 propodus palm subtransverse ... ... A. megaloprotopus Stebbing, 1895

- Male gnathopod 1 propodus palm acute .......... A. waratah ( Hughes and Peart, 2015)

11. Male gnathopod 2 propodus palm with distal acute slit .................................................. 12

- Male gnathopod 2 propodus palm with subacute slit or without slit ......................... 13

12. Telson distal margin subtriangular and acutely projected. Epimeral plates posteroventral corners upturned ...................................................... A. akuolaka J.L. Barnard, 1970

- Telson distal margin slightly concave or convex, never acutely produced. Epimeral plates posteroventral corners rounded, continuous with posterior margin ...................... ............................................................................................................................... A. kuala Myers, 1985

13. Pereopod 3 basis anterior margin distally pronounced ..................................................... ....................................................................................................... A. riedli Krapp-Schickel, 1968

- Pereopod 3 basis anterior margin not pronounced ............................................................ 14

14. Male gnathopod 2 propodus palm transverse to slightly obtuse ................................. 15

- Male gnathopod 2 propodus palm acute to subtransverse ............................................. 36

15. Male gnathopod 2 without spines or setae defining palmar corner.. ........................ 16

- Male gnathopod 2 with spine and/or setae defining palmar corner ........................... 28

16. Antenna 1 shorter than antenna 2 ............................................................................................. 17

- Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2 .............................................................................................. 18

17. Male gnathopod 2 propodus palm undulated, dactylus as long as palm .......................... ............................................................................................................ A. koreana Kim and Kim, 1988

- Male gnathopod 2 propodus palm with distal narrow U-shaped excavation, dactylus longer than palm .................................................................................. A. ferox ( Chevreux, 1901)

18. Male gnathopod 2 subrectangular 1.6 times longer than wide.. ................................. 19

- Male gnathopod 2 subquadrate, as long as wide ................................................................ 26

19. Male gnathopod 2 propodus palm smooth ........................................................................... 20

- Male gnathopod 2 propodus palm ornamented .................................................................. 21

20. Antenna 2 strongly setose, with plumose setae .................... A. zachsi Gurjanova, 1938

- Antenna 2 setose with simple setae ... ... A. mascarenensis Appadoo and Myers, 2004

21. Male gnathopod 2 propodus palm with one subquadrate process occupying more than 50% of the palmar margin .......... .......... A. changbaensis Shin and Coleman, 2021

- Male gnathopod 2 propodus palm with small ornamentations occupying less than 30% of propodus length ................................................................................................................ 22

22. Male gnathopod 2 propodus palm sinuous ........................................................................... 23

- Male gnathopod 2 propodus palm not sinuous.. ............................................................... 25

23. Mandibular palp article 3 shorter than article .............. A. plumulosa Shoemaker, 1938

- Mandibular palp article 3 as long as article 2 ........................................................................ 24

24. Epimeral plates posteroventral corners acute and projected .... .... A. lacertosa Bate, 1858

- Epimeral plates posteroventral corners rounded and not projected.. .............................. ............................................................................................................................... A. valida Smith, 1873

25. Male gnathopod 2 propodus palm with medial tooth ............................................................... .......................................................................................... A. laxipodus Appadoo and Myers, 2004

- Male gnathopod 2 propodus palm with broadly rounded process ...................................... ..................................................................................................................... A. tarasovi Bulyčeva, 1952

26. Male gnathopod 2 propodus palm concave .......................................................................... 27

- Male gnathopod 2 propodus palm straight or convex ...................................................... 28

27. Male gnathopod 2 basis facial margin with row of plumose setae ............................. ............................................................................................................................ A. roly Peart, 2007

- Male gnathopod 2 basis facial margin naked .......... A. brevipalma Kim and Kim, 1988

28. Male gnathopod 1 propodus palm with rounded excavation ........................................ 29

- Male gnathopod 1 propodus palm without rounded excavation ................................. 31

29. Male gnathopod 1 palmar corner without stout seta ............................................................ ................................................................................................. A. ngana Poore and Lowry, 1997

- Male gnathopod 1 palmar corner with stout seta ............................................................... 30

30. Male gnathopod 1 palmar corner rounded ................. ................. A. ulladulla Peart, 2007

- Male gnathopod 1 palmar corner acute ................................ A. pseudongana Peart, 2007

31. Male gnathopod 1 propodus narrow (more than twice longer than wide), palm extremely acute .................................................................................................................................. 32

- Male gnathopod 1 propodus subrectangular (less than twice longer than wide), palm acute ........................................................................................................................................................ 33

32. Male gnathopod 2 propodus palm straight, dactylus more than 1/3 longer than propodus palm ...................................................................................... A. merimbula Peart, 2007

- Male gnathopod 2 propodus palm excavated, dactylus slightly longer than propodus palm .................................................... .................................................... Ampithoe roly, Peart, 2007

33. Male gnathopod 1 carpus longer than propodus A. prolata Hughes and Peart, 2013

- Male gnathopod 1 carpus shorter than propodus ............................................................... 34

34. Male gnathopod 1 without carpal lobe... Ampithoe lafkui Appadoo and Myers, 2004

- Male gnathopod 1 with carpal lobe ........................................................................................... 35

35. Male gnathopod 1 with acute carpal lobe .................................. A. geographe Peart 2007

- Male gnathopod 1 with rounded carpal lobe .................................. A. boiana Peart, 2007

36. Male gnathopod 2 propodus palm extremely acute .......................................................... 37

- Male gnathopod 2 propodus palm acute or subtransverse ............................................. 38

37. Antenna 1 clearly shorter than antenna 2 .......... A. youngsanensis Kim and Kim, 1988

- Antenna 1 subequal in length to antenna 2 ........................ A. aptos (J.L. Barnard, 1969)

38. Uropod 1 with rounded interramal process .............................................................................. ................................................................................. A. longicarpus Appadoo and Myers, 2004

- Uropod 1 without interramal process ....................................................................................... 39

39. Male gnathopod 1 with distal acute slit ........... ........... A. platycera Sivaprakasam, 1970

- Male gnathopod 1 without distal acute slit ............................................................................ 40

40. Male gnathopod 1 propodus palm with excavation ................................................................... .................................................................................................. A. nobrei Mateus and Mateus, 1986

- Male gnathopod 1 propodus palm without excavation .................................................... 41

41. Antenna 1 shorter than antenna 2 ............................................................................................. 42

- Antenna 1 subequal or longer than antenna 2 ..................................................................... 44

42. Head distoventral margin straight near hinge of antenna 2 .................................................... ...................................................................................................... A. rubricatoides Shoemaker, 1938

- Head distoventral margin curved near hinge of antenna 2 ............................................. 43

43. Mandibular palp article 3 distally broad, subquadrate. Gnathopod 2 with short spine defining palm ............................................ ............................................ A. dalli Shoemaker, 1938

- Mandibular palp article 3 distally narrow, subtriangular. Gnathopod 1 with long and curved spine defining palm .......................................................... A. simulans Aldeman, 1936

44. Antenna 1 subequal to antenna 2 .......................................... A. kussakini Gurjanova, 1955

- Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2 .............................................................................................. 45

45. Male gnathopod 2 propodus palmar corner projected ..................................................... 46

- Male gnathopod 2 propodus palmar corner not projected ............................................. 70

46. Male gnathopod 2 palmar corner slightly produced .......................................................... 47

- Male gnathopod 2 palmar corner well produced ................................................................ 56

47. Male gnathopod 1 merus anteroventral corner bifid .................................................................. ............................................................................................ A. ricaudyana Peart and Hughes, 2014

- Male gnathopod 1 merus anteroventral corner entire ....................................................... 48

48. Male gnathopod 1 propodus palm subtransverse ............................................................... 49

- Male ganthopod 1 propodus palm acute ................................................................................ 52

49. Antenna 2 covered by plumose setae ......... ......... A. seticoxae Serejo and Licinio, 2002

- Antenna 2 with simple setae ........................................................................................................ 50

50. Male gnathopod 1 propodus palm with subquadrate tooth near hinge of dactylus .... ..................................................................................... A. robustimana Andrade and Senna, 2017

- Male gnathopod 1 propodus palm without tooth .............................................................. 51

51. Male gnathopod 2 dactylus longer than propodus palm ......................................................... ......................................................................................................... A. caddi Poore and Lowry, 1997

- Male gnathopod 2 dactylus shorter than or as long as propodus palm ............................. .................................................................................................................................. A. marcuzzii Ruffo, 1954

52. Male gnathopod 1 propodus palm acute ................................................................................ 53

- Male gnathopod 1 propodus palm extremely acute .......................................................... 55

53. Male gnathopod 1 with V-shaped excavation .................. A. waialua J.L. Barnard, 1970

- Male gnathopod 1 without excavation .................................................................................... 54

54. Male gnathopod 1 propodus palm short, reaching 50% of dactylus length ..................... ................................................................................................... A. serraticauda Rabindranath, 1972

- Male gnathopod 1 propodus palm long, reaching more than 70% of dactylus length ............................................................................................................... A. rubricata ( Montagu, 1808)

55. Male gnathopod 1 carpus long, reaching 90% of propodus length. Carpus posteroventral corner acute, posterior margin straight .......... A. guaspare J.L. Barnard, 1979

- Male gnathopod 1 carpus subtriangular, reaching 60% of propodus length. Carpus posterior margin rounded and narrow, posteroventral corner rounded and produced ......................................................................................................................... A. peronana Peart, 2007

56. Male gnathopod 1 and 2 propodus palm similar in shape ....................................................... ............................................................................................................... A. hinatore J.L. Barnard, 1972

- Male gnathopod 1 and 2 propodus palm dissimilar ........................................................... 57

57. Male gnathopod 2 propodus globose in shape, as long as wide .......................................... ................................................................................................ A. mantissa Hughes and Peart, 2013

- Male gnathopod 2 propodus longer than wide ................................................................... 58

58. Male gnathopod 2 palm with truncated disform excavation .................................................. ................................................................................................ A. takeuchii Peart and Hughes, 2014

- Male gnathopod 2 palm with well-defined U-shaped or V-shaped excavation ...... 59

59. Male gnathopod 2 palm with U-shaped excavation near palmar corner ................... 60

- Male gnathopod 2 palm with V-shaped excavation near palmar corner ................... 67

60. Male Gnathopod 1 propodus palm short until 50% of dactylus length ..................... 61

- Male Gnathopod 1 propodus palm not short, reaching more than 50% of dactylus length ..................................................................................................................................................... 65

61. Male gnathopod 1 merus bifid ............................ A. bizseli Özaydinli and Coleman, 2012

- Male gnathopod 1 merus entire .................................................................................................. 62

62. Male gnathopod 2 carpus posteroventral corner subconical forming a distinct lobe .. ............................................................................................................................. A. rosema Peart, 2007

- Male gnathopod 2 carpus posteroventral corner without lobe ..................................... 63

63. Male gnathopod 1 propodus with plumose setae ....................................................................... .......................................................................... Ampithoe dentimana Mateus and Mateus, 1986

- Male gnathopod 1 propodus without plumose setae ........................................................ 64

64. Mandibular palp thin and reduced ............................................................ A. olokumae sp. n.

- Mandibular palp well developed..................................................... A. hughesae Myers, 2014

65. Male gnathopod 1 propodus palmar corner projected .. .. A. ramondi Audouin, 1826

- Male gnathopod 1 propodus palmar corner not projected ............................................. 66

66. Male and female gnathopod 2 merus produced to form an acute distoventral projection ......................................................... ......................................................... A. eremitis Peart, 2007

- Male and female gnathopod 2 merus without distoventral projection .............................. ............................................................................ Ampithoe fastidiosa Mateus and Mateus, 1991

67. Male gnathopod 2 V-shaped excavation deep, reaching more than 60% of propodus length ........................................................................ A. sectimana Conlan and Bousfield, 1982

- Male gnathopod 2 V-shaped excavation depth shallow to moderate, reaching less than 50% of propodus length ...................................................................................................... 68

68. Male gnathopod 2 palm very oblique ................................................ A. pollex Kunkel, 1910

- Male gnathopod 2 palm acute ..................................................................................................... 69

69. Male gnathopod 2 propopus palm corner with acute projection ......................................... ........................................................................................................................ A. volki Gurjanova, 1938

- Male gnathopod 2 propodus palm corner with rounded finger-like projection ............. ........................................................................................................................... A. cookana Peart, 2007

70. Male gnathopod 1 carpus as long as propodus .................... A. longimana Smith, 1873

- Male gnathopod 1 carpus shorter than propodus ............................................................... 71

71. Antenna 1 shorter than antenna 2 .................................. A. macrocornuta ( Kensley, 1971)

- Antenna 1 equal in size to or longer than antenna 2 ........................................................ 72

72. Antenna 1 equal in size to antenna 2 ................................ A. africana K.H. Barnard, 1926

- Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2 .............................................................................................. 73

73. Male gnathopod 2 palmar corner acute .............. .............. A. djakonovi Gurjanova, 1938

- Male gnathopod 2 palmar corner rounded ............................................................................ 74

74. Male gnathopod 2 propodus palm convex ........................ A. kergueleni Stebbing, 1888

- Male gnathopod 2 propodus palm concave or straight .................................................... 75

75. Mandibular palp well developed, longer than mandibule ............................................... 76

- Mandibular palp thin and poorly developed, shorter than mandibule ....................... 78

76. Male gnathopod 2 with a rounded process defining palm .... .... A. hyalos Peart, 2007

- Male gnathopod 2 without process defining palm ............................................................. 77

77. Male gnathopod 2 propodus palm as long as dactylus ............................................................. ................................................................................................... A. Ampithoe grubiformis Reid, 1951

- Male gnathopod 2 propodus palm shorter than dactylus ........................................................ .................................................................................... Ampithoe senegalensis Schellenberg, 1925

78. Male gnathopod 2 propodus palm concave, dactylus inner margin smooth ................... ................................................................................................................... A. alluaudi Chevreux, 1901

- Male gnathopod 2 propodus palm straight to convex, dactylus inner margin serrated ............................................................................................. A. thaix Siqueira and Iwasa-Arai, 2021