Coleophora kamchatica ( Anikin, 1999 )

Koo, Jun-Mo & Cho, Soowon, 2024, Taxonomic revision of the family Coleophoridae (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea) in Korea, including seven newly recorded species of the genus Coleophora Hübner, Zootaxa 5558 (1), pp. 1-102 : 11-15

2. Coleophora kamchatica ( Anikin, 1999)

[Korean name: beo-deu-jaeng-i-na-mul-tong-na-bang (newly named)]

( Figs 1B ; 2B ; 3B, C ; 6B )

Casignetella kamchatica Anikin, 1999: 90 . Type locality: Russia, Kamchatka, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskij // [holotype (male) deposited in ZIRAS].

Ecebalia kamchatica ; Lelej 2016: 102; Anikin 2019: 80; Anikin 2021: 324.

Coleophora kamchatica ; Baldizzone & Savenkov 2002: 376; Baldizzone et al. 2006: 70; Oku 2013: 241.

Material examined. 1♂, “ Sicheon-myeon , Sancheong-gun, GN [[ Gyeongsangnam-do ]] / Korea / N35°17′17.41″ E127°44′57.72″ / Sep 20, 2020 Alt. 581 m / Coll. J. D. Kim ” // COI barcode no. CBNU254 (GenBank accession no. PP229899) // gen. slide no. KJM0157 // wings slide no. KJM0478 // specimen accession no. CBNUPM000212, in CBNU.

Diagnosis. The species is similar externally to C. obscenella Herrich-Schäffer, 1855 , C. virgaureae Stainton, 1857 , C. cinerea Toll, 1954 , C. cristata Baldizzone, 1989 , and C. proterella Wikström & Tabell, 2016 , and is comparable with the latter in sharing a rhomboidal transtilla, and the sacculus with a sclerotized tooth extending upward from the dorso-distal margin and a triangular tooth at the ventro-distal corner in the male genitalia, and an asymmetric colliculum in the female genitalia. However, the species can be distinguished from the latter by the following characteristics: 1) in the male genitalia of C. kamchatica , the transtilla bearing numerous small spines at the dorsal base, the sacculus with near straight distal margin, the two juxtal rods of the phallotheca, one with a thorn-like dorsal tooth at the dorsal half, and the other with a triangular dorsal tooth right before the apex, and three long cornuti forming a curved linear formation are present, while in C. obscenella (see Baldizzone 2019: Pl. GM LV, Fig. 176), male genitalia possess the transtilla without such spines, the sacculus with a relatively slightly rougher distal margin, the juxtal rods, one featuring a triangular dorsal tooth at the subapical portion and the other without any teeth (sometimes with a triangular dorsal tooth at the subapical portion), and gradually longer five to six cornuti distally forming a curved linear formation, in C. virgaureae (see Baldizzone 2019: Pl. GM LIV, Fig. 175), male genitalia possess the transtilla without such spines, the sacculus with a relatively slightly rougher distal margin, the two juxtal rods, one without any teeth, and the other with a triangular dorsal tooth at the subapical portion (and sometimes a few denticles at the medial portion), and a spine-like cornutus, in C. cristata ( Figs 13E, F ), male genitalia possess the transtilla bearing much smaller grain-like spines at the dorso-subbasal corner, the sacculus with a rough distal margin becoming spiny towards the dorsal corner, the juxtal rods, only one having an elongated dorsal tooth at the subapical portion, and five cornuti, with the basal four gradually shorter distally and the fifth one longest, of forming a linear formation, in C. cinerea (see Baldizzone 2019: Pl. GM LV, Fig. 177), male genitalia possess the transtilla without such spines, the two juxtal rods, one without or with a triangular dorsal tooth at the subapical portion, and the other featuring a triangular dorsal tooth at the subapical portion and a larger thorn-like process at the base, and a slightly curved spine-like cornutus, and in C. proterella (see Wikström & Tabell 2016: Figs 4 , 5 ), male genitalia possess the transtilla without such spines, the juxtal rods, one with a triangular dorsal tooth at the subapical portion, and the other with only a triangular dorsal tooth at the dorsal half, and a straight spine-like cornutus; and 2) in the female genitalia of C. kamchatica (see Oku 2013: Fig. Col2-13), a weakly bulged colliculum in the anterior 1/3 of the right side and the anterior 2/3 of the left side, about 0.6× shorter than the length of the spinulate section of the ductus bursae, is present, while in C. obscenella (see Baldizzone 2019: Pl. GF LIX, Fig. 177), female genitalia possess the colliculum with much more bulged right side in the anterior 2/5 than the left side, about 0.8× shorter than the length of the spinulate section of the ductus bursae, in C. virgaureae (see Baldizzone 2019: Pl. GF LIX, Fig. 176), female genitalia possess the colliculum with much more bulged left side in the anterior 2/5 than the right side, about 0.6× shorter than the length of the spinulate section of the ductus bursae, in C. cinerea (see Baldizzone 2019: Pl. GF LX, Fig. 178), female genitalia possess the colliculum with slightly more bulged right side in the anterior half than the left side, about 0.8× shorter than the length of the spinulate section of the ductus bursae, in C. cristata ( Fig. 17A ), female genitalia possess the colliculum with an inwardly bulged left side in the anterior half, about 1.3–1.4× longer than the length of the spinulate section of the ductus bursae, and in C. proterella (see Wikström & Tabell 2016: Fig. 6 ), female genitalia possess the colliculum with more bulged right side in the anterior half than the left side, about 0.8× shorter than the length of the spinulate section of the ductus bursae.

Redescription. Male adult ( Fig. 1B ), forewing length 6.0 mm (wingspan 12.0 mm) (n=1) ( Oku 2013: wingspan 10.5–12.5 mm).

Head: Vertex orange-white evenly. Postocular scales orange-white.Antenna about 0.8× shorter than the length of the forewing, covered with appressed orange-white scales in the basal 4/5, then brighter distally. Second palpomere of labial palpus orange-white with a broad greyish-brown diagonal streak on the outer and inner surfaces, about 1.7× longer than the length of the third palpomere; the latter white dorsally, greyish-brown ventrally. Proboscis covered with orange-white scales.

Thorax: Notum orange-white with same-coloured tegula. Forewing orange-white with sparsely scattered dark brown scales; venous lines greyish-orange; fringe greyish-brown; venation ( Fig. 2B ) with R 1 arising from right before the basal 2/5 of the discal cell; distance between origins of R 1 and R 2 about 1.7× longer than that of R 2 and R 3; origins of R 4+5 and M 1 slightly remote; distance between origins of M 1 and M 2+3 about 0.8× shorter than that of M 2+3 and CuA 1; CuA 1 arising from the posterior corner of the discal cell; origins of CuA 1 and CuA 2 remote; 1A+2A forked at about basal 1/4; discal cell open. Hindwing greyish-brown with same-coloured fringe; frenulum with three acanthi fused distally into a single acanthus; costa slightly arched at about basal 1/4; venation ( Fig. 2B ) with near straight Rs; origin of M 1 slightly remote from that of Rs; discal cell weakly closed. Hind tibia white with greyish-brown ventral half on the outer surface, and evenly white on the inner surface; dorsal and ventral bristles orange-white; two pairs of spurs, one pair at the basal 3/5, other pair at the distal end. Hind tarsus with mostly white first tarsomere and greyish-brown remaining ones, having a white distal end on the outer surface, and evenly white on the inner surface.

Abdomen: Abdomen covered with orange-white scales; tergal disks glabrous. In the male ( Fig. 6B ), posterior lateral struts absent. Transverse strut slightly narrower toward the middle; the anterior edge relatively weakly sclerotized compared to the posterior edge. Terga I–VII with two parallel tergal disks bearing conical spines on each tergum; tergal disks 2.3–4.8× longer than each width; tergal disks of the terga I and II expanded and merged into one an H-shape; anterior margins of the terga VII and VIII weakly sclerotized. Sterna II–VI sclerotized.

Male genitalia ( Figs 3B, C ): See also Anikin (1999: Fig. 7 ); Baldizzone & Savenkov (2002: Figs 26 –30); Oku (2013: Fig. Col1-12). Gnathos knob globular, 0.8× narrower than its vertical length; basal arm of gnathos slightly shorter than the median stem of tegumen, about 0.9×. Tegumen with well-dilated pedunculus; median stem of tegumen constricted laterally, about 0.7× shorter than the pedunculus; pedunculus with setae extending outward from the distal half. Transtilla rhomboidal, with prominent dorsal base (as per compression with a cover glass) bearing numerous small spines. Vinculum well-sclerotized. Valvula subtrapezoidal, setose; costal setae much longer than those in other portions, extending upward. Cucullus thumb-shaped with setae along all margins, particularly dense at the distal margin, about the same length as the sacculus. The sacculus rhomboidal with a sclerotized and bifurcated tooth extending upward from the dorso-distal margin, and a triangular tooth at the ventro-distal corner. Phallotheca membranous, with two sclerotized juxtal rods; juxtal rods about 1.7–1.9× longer than the sacculus, gradually tapering toward a pointed apex, right rod with thorn-like dorsal tooth at the basal half, left rod with triangular dorsal tooth at the subapical portion. Aedeagus membranous. Annulus evident, well-sclerotized. Longitudinal sclerite of outer tube broadly sclerotized. Vesica with three long cornuti forming a curved single row.

Female genitalia: See Oku (2013: Fig. Col2-13, where the illustration shows only from the sterigma to the anterior end of the spinulate section of the ductus bursae). Sterigma subquadrate, setose along posterior margin, except medial concavity; mesoposterior corners slightly produced posteriorly, each with rounded apex. Ostium bursae ovoidal. Colliculum asymmetric, slightly constricted latero-medially, about 1.3× longer than the sterigma, with median lamina in about anterior 1/3; right and left sides slightly bulged in the anterior 1/3 and the anterior 2/3, respectively. Ductus bursae with spinulate section; spinulate section about 1.5× longer than the colliculum.

Larval case (seed miner): Tubular silken case (trivalved). Oku (2013) mentioned, without any illustrations, that the larval case is darker greyish-brown and lacks hairs, contrasting with that of C. hsiaolingensis Toll, 1942 (see Jinbo & Suzuki 2023), which is greyish-brown and has hairs at the mouth part.

Host plant. [ Asteraceae ] Kalimeris pinnatifida (Maxim.) Kitam. (recorded as Aster iinumae Kitam ) ( Oku 2013).

Biology. The larvae of the species are known to feed on the seed of Kalimeris pinnatifida in Japan ( Oku 2013). Oku (2013) noted that the larval habits of the species are very similar to those of C. hsiaolingensis Toll, 1942 , which has a yearly occurrence, overwinters as a mature larva, and emerges around the time with edible plants bloom. The emergence period is August to September in northern Japan, and it is delayed in warmer regions. However, C. hsiaolingensis , which feeds on A. microcephalus var. ovatus (Franch. & Sav.) Soejima & Mot.Ito , has a brownish-grey trivalved tubular larval case, about 6.5 mm in length when fully grown, attached with hairs of the host plant at the mouth part (see Jinbo & Suzuki 2023). In contrast, the larval case of C. kamchatica is dark brownish-grey and lacks hairs.

Distribution. Russia (Far East), Japan ( Baldizzone & Savenkov 2002; Baldizzone et al. 2006; Oku 2013; Anikin 2019), Korea (new record).

Remarks. Oku (2013) noted that the species and C. hsiaolingensis often occur in the same place in the countryside of Honshu. However, C. hsiaolingensis has not been observed in Korea as of now.

As indicated in the plant data book for Korea, as provided by NIE (2017), K. pinnatifida (Maxim.) Kitam. , recognized as the host plant, is distributed in Gyeongsangnam-do, the region where C. kamchatica was collected.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Newly recorded Coleophora spp.Adult.A, Coleophora clypeiferella, CBNUPM000333 (female); B, C. kamchatica, CBNUPM000212 (male); C, C. lativittella, OONNIN0000015631 (female); D, C. levantis, OONNIN0000015632 (male); E, C. parthenica, CBNUPM000160 (male); F, C. parthenica, CBNUPM000161 (female); G, C. uliginosella, CBNUPM000214 (male); H, C. vacciniella, CBNUPM000385 (male).

FIGURE 2. Newly recorded Coleophora spp. Venation. A, Coleophora clypeiferella, with close-up of frenulum, slide no. KJM0369 (female, reversed left wings, CBNUPM000333); B, C. kamchatica, with close-up of frenulum, slide no. KJM0478 (male, CBNUPM000212); C, C.lativittella, frenulummissing, slideno.KJM0179(female,OONNIN0000015631);D,C.levantis, frenulum missing, slide no. KJM0178 (male, OONNIN0000015632); E, hindwing of C. levantis, with close-up of frenulum, slide no. KJM0479 (female); F, C. parthenica, with close-up of frenulum, slide no. KJM0484 (female, CBNUPM000161); G, C. uliginosella, with close-up of frenulum, slide no. KJM0482 (female, CBNUPM000215); H, C. vacciniella, with close-up of frenulum, slide no. KJM0483 (male, CBNUPM000385).

FIGURE 3. Newly recorded Coleophora spp. Genitalia. A, female genitalia of Coleophora clypeiferella, with closeup of sterigma+colliculum (top), posterior portion of ductus bursae (middle), and signum (bottom), slide no. KJM0228 (CBNUPM000333); B, male genitalia of C. kamchatica, with close-up of transtilla bearing small spines (left) and distal portion of sacculus (right), slide no. KJM0157 (CBNUPM000212); C, phallus of male genitalia of C. kamchatica, with close-up of dorsal view of juxtal rods (left) and cornuti (right), slide no. KJM0157 (CBNUPM000212); D, female genitalia of C. lativittella, with close-up of sterigma+colliculum (top), posterior portion of ductus bursae (middle), and signum (bottom), slide no. KJM0088 (OONNIN0000015631).

FIGURE 4. Newly recorded Coleophora spp. Genitalia. A, male genitalia of Coleophora levantis, with close-up of sacculus, slide no. KJM0091 (OONNIN0000015632); B, male genitalia of C. levantis before slide preparation of A; C, phallus of male genitalia of C. levantis, with close-up of cornutus, slide no. KJM0091 (OONNIN0000015632); D, female genitalia of C. levantis, with close-up of sterigma+colliculum (left) and signum (right), slide no. KJM0420 (in INU); E, male genitalia of C. parthenica, slide no. KJM0476 (CBNUPM000160); F, phallus of male genitalia of C. parthenica, slide no. KJM0476 (CBNUPM000160); G, phallus of male genitalia of C. parthenica, slide no. KJM0121 (CBNUPM000018); H, female genitalia of C. parthenica, with close-up of sterigma+colliculum (top) and signum (bottom), slide no. KJM0477 (CBNUPM000161).

FIGURE 5. Newly recorded Coleophora spp. Genitalia. A, male genitalia of Coleophora uliginosella, slide no. KJM0461 (CBNUPM000214); B, phallus of male genitalia of C. uliginosella, with close-up of cornutus, slide no. KJM0461 (CBNUPM000214); C, phallus of male genitalia of C. uliginosella, with close-up of cornutus, slide no. KJM0296 (PCQAIN0000012023); D, female genitalia of C. uliginosella, with close-up of sterigma (top) and signum (bottom), slide no. KJM0462 (CBNUPM000215); E, male genitalia of C. vacciniella, with close-up of distal portion of sacculus, slide no. KJM0366 (CBNUPM000385); F, phallus of male genitalia of C. vacciniella, with close-up of cornuti (left) and spines forming a row in distal 1/3 (right), slide no. KJM0366 (CBNUPM000385).

FIGURE 6. Newly recorded Coleophora spp. Abdomen. A, female abdomen of Coleophora clypeiferella, slide no. KJM0228 (CBNUPM000333); B, male abdomen of C. kamchatica, slide no. KJM0157 (CBNUPM000212); C, female abdomen of C. lativittella, slide no. KJM0088 (OONNIN0000015631); D, male abdomen of C. levantis, slide no. KJM0091 (OONNIN0000015632); E, female abdomen of C. levantis, slide no. KJM0420 (in INU).

FIGURE 7. Newly recorded Coleophora spp. Abdomen. A, male abdomen of Coleophora parthenica, slide no. KJM0476 (CBNUPM000160); B, female abdomen of C. parthenica, slide no. KJM0477 (CBNUPM000161); C, male abdomen of C. uliginosella, slide no. KJM0461 (CBNUPM000214); D, female abdomen of C. uliginosella, slide no. KJM0462 (CBNUPM000215); E, male abdomen of C. vacciniella, slide no. KJM0366 (CBNUPM000385).

FIGURE 17. Reconfirmed Coleophora spp. Female genitalia (all photographed in dorsal view). A, Coleophora cristata, slide no. KJM0285 (CBNUPM000145); B, C. elodella, slide no. KJM0384 (CBNUPM000117); C, C. falkovitshella, slide no. KJM0342 (CBNUPM000229); D, C. fasciella, slide no. KJM0286 (CBNUPM000335); E, C. flavovena, slide no. KJM0107 (CBNUPM000099).

FIGURE 26. Larval tubular silken cases of C. adspersella and C. sternipennella, and their collection site. A, B, concrete walls where the two species were dormant (in May 2023); C, C. adspersella dormant on concrete wall; D, trivalved distal end of larval case of C. adspersella; E, larval case of C. adspersella, indicating lateral (top), dorsal (middle), and ventral (bottom) views; F, C. sternipennella dormant on concrete wall; G, trivalved distal end of larval case of C. sternipennella; H, larval case of C. sternipennella, indicating lateral (top), dorsal (middle), and ventral (bottom) views.

FIGURE13.ReconfirmedColeophoraspp.Malegenitalia.A,B,Coleophoraadspersella,slideno.KJM0044(CBNUPM000378); C, D, C. albicans, slide no. KJM0364 (CBNUPM000381); E, F, C. cristata, slide no. KJM0219 (CBNUPM000147); G, H, C. elodella, slide no. KJM0383 (CBNUPM000113); I, J, C. fasciella, slide no. KJM0284 (CBNUPM000334).