Coleophora kurokoi Oku, 1974

Koo, Jun-Mo & Cho, Soowon, 2024, Taxonomic revision of the family Coleophoridae (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea) in Korea, including seven newly recorded species of the genus Coleophora Hübner, Zootaxa 5558 (1), pp. 1-102 : 55-56

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5558.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:705ACA52-2929-4C81-A3E2-FFC761FFE4EE
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treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Coleophora kurokoi Oku, 1974
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23. Coleophora kurokoi Oku, 1974 View in CoL

(Korean name: gug-hwa-tong-na-bang)

Coleophora kurokoi Oku, 1974: 256 View in CoL . Type locality: Japan, Honshu , Sakai // [depository unconfirmed here: Holotype, male, bred by Dr. Hiroshi Kuroko].

Coleophora kurokoi View in CoL ; Moriuti 1982a: 264; Vives 1988: 87; Baldizzone 1989b: 208; Li & Zheng 2000b: 191; Baldizzone et al. 2006: 72; Oku 2013: 240; Kim et al. 2013b: 324; Jinbo et al. 2014: 153; Park 2014: 45.

Diagnosis. The species shares similarities in both external and genital characteristics with C. yomogiella Oku, 1974 , and C. montaniella Oku & Kusunoki, 2018 . However, it can be distinguished by the following genital features: 1) in the male genitalia of C. kurokoi (see Oku 1974: Figs 6 View FIGURE 6 , 7 View FIGURE 7 ), an elongated sacculus terminating with an upturned thorn-like process featuring a pointed apex and a triangular dorso-basal tooth, slightly curved and sclerotized two juxtal rods, and a cornutus with an irregular basal plate are present, while in C. yomogiella (see Oku 1974: Figs 2 View FIGURE 2 , 3 View FIGURE 3 ), male genitalia possess the sacculus terminating in a relatively blunt (or rarely acute) thorn-like process featuring a triangular dorso-basal tooth, slightly curved and dorsally sclerotized two juxtal rods, and a simple (or rarely with a linear lateral lobe) cornutus, and in C. montaniella ( Figs 15C, D View FIGURE 15 ), male genitalia possess the sacculus terminating in a rather pointed thorn-like process featuring two or three triangular teeth, robust one at the dorso-base, another at the ventral half, and the other (sometimes absent) at the ventro-base, slightly curved and sclerotized two juxtal rods, and a cornutus with a linear lateral lobe; 2) in the female genitalia of C. kurokoi (see Oku 1974: Fig. 8 View FIGURE 8 ), the ductus bursae with two sclerotized parts, one in the middle, and the other in the anterior 1/5 featuring a small narrow plate, and the corpus bursae with a small scobinate signum are present, while in C. yomogiella (see Oku 1974: Fig. 4 View FIGURE 4 ), female genitalia possess the ductus bursae with a sclerotized part in the anterior 2/3 bearing a dentate plate near the anterior end, and the corpus bursae with a small scobinate signum, and in C. montaniella ( Fig. 18D View FIGURE 18 ), female genitalia possess the ductus bursae featuring a sclerotized part in the anterior 2/5, and the corpus bursae with a short thorn-like or scobinate signum.

Adult: ( Oku 1974: wingspan 9.0–11.0 mm; Moriuti 1982a: wingspan 9.0–11.0 mm; Oku 2013: wingspan 9.0– 11.0 mm). See Moriuti (1982b: Pl. 12, Fig. 51: paratype); Oku (2013: Figs 3 View FIGURE 3 -31-3, 4) [ Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 -31-3 labeled as C. yomogiella in error]; Kim et al. (2013b: Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 ); Park (2014: Pl. for adults: Fig. 18 View FIGURE 18 ).

Male genitalia: See Oku (1974: Figs 6 View FIGURE 6 , 7 View FIGURE 7 ).

Female genitalia: See Oku (1974: Fig. 8 View FIGURE 8 ); Kim et al. (2013b: Figs 7, 7a View FIGURE 7 ); Park (2014: Figs 18A, B View FIGURE 18 ).

Larval case (leaf miner): Tubular silken case (trivalved). Oku (1974) mentioned, without any illustration, that the larval case of this species measures 6.0–7.0 mm in length while comparing it with that of C. yomogiella Oku, 1974 (see Oku 1974: Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 , where the case length is about 7.5 mm).

Host plants. [ Asteraceae ] Artemisia princeps Pamp. and Chrysanthemum × morifolium Ramat. ex Hemsl. (recorded as Ch. × morifolium var. sinense (Sabine) Makino ) ( Oku 1974; Falkovitsh 2006).

Distribution. China (Yunnan, Zhejiang), Japan, Korea ( Baldizzone et al. 2006, Kim et al. 2013b; Park 2014).

Remarks. The species was first reported from Korea by Kim et al. (2013b) with three females [the same in Park (2014)]. Additionally, we collected three specimens, one male and two females, which are well-matched in their barcode sequences with each other (p-distance ranging 0.0%), and the genitalia of two females morphologically align well with the illustration by Kim et al. (2013b). However, the three specimens are not included here due to the confusion below that occurred.

Oku (1974) described the species only with a diagnosis comparing it with C. yomogiella Oku, 1974 (for which a description was provided) and provided illustrations of genitalia drawn by hand. In the description of the female genitalia of C. yomogiella , they lack the spinulate section in the ductus bursae, however there is no mention of the presence of the spinulate section in the diagnosis of C. kurokoi . Considering this, it is inferred that there is no spinulate section in those of C. kurokoi , similar to those of C. yomogiella . Therefore, upon comparing the illustrated female genitalia by Kim et al. (2013b: Figs 7, 7a View FIGURE 7 ) with the diagnosis and illustrations by Oku (1974: Fig. 8 View FIGURE 8 ), it appears that the female genitalia illustrated by Kim et al. have a much longer ductus bursae with the spinulate section in the posterior portion, while those illustrated by Oku lack a spinulate section. This suggests the need for further confirmation of the presence/absence of this character in subsequent research.

Additionally, the illustration of the female genitalia by Kim et al. (2013b), including the three specimens that we collected, appears similar to those of C. chrysanthemi Hofmann, 1869 . When comparing the barcode sequences of the three Korean specimens with those of two Finnish specimens of C. chrysanthemi from GenBank data (accession nos. HM873152.1, HM872896.1), the p-distance ranges 0.3–0.4%. However, there are clear morphological differences: 1) in the adults of the Korean specimens ( Kim et al. 2013b: Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 ), an evenly whitish flagellum without annulations, while in C. chrysanthemi ( Baldizzone 1984: Pl. II, Figs 2–4 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 ), there are distinct whitish and blackish (or dark brown) annulations on the flagellum; 2) in the female genitalia of the Korean specimens ( Kim et al. 2013b: Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 ), the ductus bursae without a dentate sclerotized plate at the anterior portion, and the corpus bursae with a small scobinate signum, while in C. chrysanthemi ( Baldizzone 1984: Pl. IV, Figs 10–13 View FIGURE 10 View FIGURE 11 View FIGURE12 View FIGURE13 ), the ductus bursae with a dentate sclerotized plate at the anterior portion, and the corpus bursae without any signa [most of the descriptions of the C. chrysanthemi document “signum absent in the corpus bursae”, however, there is a paper by Rynarzewski & Walczak (2013: Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 ) which shows a small signum in the corpus bursae]. Therefore, it is necessary to include C. chrysanthemi and its allies in further research for clarification, and until this problem is resolved, we have decided to keep the record of this species on the list of Korean Coleophoridae .