Coleophora enkomiella Baldizzone & Oku, 1988

Koo, Jun-Mo & Cho, Soowon, 2024, Taxonomic revision of the family Coleophoridae (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea) in Korea, including seven newly recorded species of the genus Coleophora Hübner, Zootaxa 5558 (1), pp. 1-102 : 43-44

10. Coleophora enkomiella Baldizzone & Oku, 1988

(Korean name: yeon-gal-saeg-tong-na-bang)

Coleophora enkomiella Baldizzone & Oku, 1988b: 207 . Type locality: Japan, Honshu , Iwate // [holotype (male) deposited in

EIHU]. Ecebalia enkomiella ; Lelej 2016: 102; Anikin 2019: 79. Perygra enkomiella ; Anikin 2021: 323. Coleophora enkomiella ; Park & Baldizzone 1992: 525; Murakami 2002: 35; Baldizzone et al. 2006: 53; Kim & Park 2009: 188;

Oku 2013: 237; Park 2014: 30.

Diagnosis. The species exhibits a peculiarity with papillae anales covered with fine spicules instead of ordinary setae. However, it appears to be related to C. kurokoi Oku, 1974 , C. yomogiella Oku, 1974 , and C. montaniella Oku & Kusunoki, 2018 , sharing similar adult features, a tubular silken larval case and a feeding habit of mining on Artemisia leaves, belonging to the family Asteraceae . Nonetheless, it can be distinctly distinguished from the latter by entirely different genital characteristics: 1) in the male genitalia of C. enkomiella (see Baldizzone & Oku 1988b: Figs 1 , 2 , 7 ), an elongated large subtriangular sacculus with a blunt distal margin, and asymmetrical two juxtal rods of the phallotheca, one about 1.2–1.3× longer than the other, with a triangular tooth right before the apex, and the other conical without any teeth are present, while in the latter [ C. yomogiella (see Oku 1974: Figs 2 , 3 ), C. kurokoi (see Oku 1974: Figs 6 , 7 ), and C. montaniella ( Figs 15C, D )], male genitalia possess the sacculus produced distally into an upturned thorn-like process having triangular teeth, and a symmetrical juxtal rods without any teeth; 2) in the female genitalia of C. enkomiella (see Baldizzone & Oku 1988b: Figs 4–6 ), the papillae anales bearing spicules without setae, a division at the posterior margin of the sterigma, connecting with a widely hollowed-out kidney-shaped sinus vaginalis and a cylindrical colliculum are present, while in the latter [ C. yomogiella (see Oku 1974: Fig. 4 ), C. kurokoi (see Oku 1974: Fig. 8 ), and C. montaniella ( Fig. 18D )], female genitalia possess the papillae anales bearing setae without spicules, a division at the posterior margin of the sterigma, connecting with a hollowed-out V-shaped sinus vaginalis and a much slanderer colliculum.

Additionally, the species can also be comparable with C. saponariella Heeger, 1848 , sharing similar tubular silken larval case (see Baldizzone 2019: Pl. AST XXXII, Fig. 237) and male genital characteristics, despite the latter mining on Saponaria leaves, belonging to the family Caryophyllaceae . Coleophora enkomiella can be distinguished from the C. saponariella based on the following characteristics: 1) the adult of C. enkomiella (see Baldizzone & Oku 1988b: 207; Jinbo & Suzuki 2023) has brownish-orange forewings, some with indistinct brighter venous lines, and brownish-grey hindwings, while C. saponariella (see Baldizzone 2019: Pl. AD XLVII, Fig. 272) has brown forewings with a white costal streak, longitudinal medial streak (extending from the basal 1/3 to the subapex), and longitudinal subdorsal streak (running along the lower vein of the discal cell), as well as brown hindwings; 2) in the male genitalia of C. enkomiella , an elongated subtriangular sacculus having a rounded distal apex, with a small thorn-like process at the dorso-base of the sacculus, and the asymmetrical two juxtal rods of the phallotheca (see above) are present, while in C. saponariella (see Baldizzone 2019: Pl. GM LXXXIV, Fig. 266), male genitalia possess a similar shape, but with an triangularly expanded dorsal margin featuring two or three triangular- or thorn-like processes at the apical portion, and two juxtal rods each having a triangular tooth right before apex, one of them slightly shorter than the other; 3) in the female genitalia of C. enkomiella , a subtrapezoidal sterigma, wider than its length, with the kidney-shaped ostium bursae positioned in the middle, a weakly sclerotized cylindrical colliculum, a transparent ductus bursae with a crescent chitinization at the anterior 2/5, and the corpus bursae with a small thorn-like signum are present, while in C. saponariella (see Baldizzone 2019: Pl. GF LXXXVIII, Fig. 262), female genitalia possess a trapezoidal sterigma having a biconvex anterior margin, with an ovaloid ostium bursae at the posterior portion of the sterigma, a well-sclerotized and cup-shaped colliculum, an evenly transparent ductus bursae, and the corpus bursae without signum.

Adult: ( Baldizzone & Oku 1988b: wingspan 11.0 mm; Oku 2013: wingspan 10.0– 11.5 mm). See Kim & Park (2009: Fig. 6 ); Oku (2013: Fig. 3 -39-27); Park (2014: Pl. for adults, Fig. 8 ).

Male genitalia: See Baldizzone & Oku (1988b: Figs 1 , 2 , 7 ); Park & Baldizzone (1992: Figs 14, 14a ); Kim & Park (2009: Figs 33–33b); Park (2014: Figs 8A–D ).

Female genitalia: See Baldizzone & Oku (1988b: Figs 4–6 : paratype / gen. slide no. Bldz-8343); Kim & Park (2009: Fig. 52); Park (2014: Fig. 8F ).

Larval case (leaf miner): Tubular silken case (trivalved). See Baldizzone & Oku (1988b: Fig. 27 ); Jinbo & Suzuki (2023).

Host plants. [ Asteraceae ] Artemisia princeps Pamp. (some recorded as A. indica var. maximowiczii (Nakai) H.Hara ) and A. montana (Nakai) Pamp. ( Falkovitsh 2006; Oku 2013).

Distribution. Japan, Russia (Far East) ( Baldizzone et al. 2006; Anikin 2019), Korea ( Kim & Park 2009; Park 2014).

Remarks. The species was first reported from Korea by Park & Baldizzone (1992).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Newly recorded Coleophora spp.Adult.A, Coleophora clypeiferella, CBNUPM000333 (female); B, C. kamchatica, CBNUPM000212 (male); C, C. lativittella, OONNIN0000015631 (female); D, C. levantis, OONNIN0000015632 (male); E, C. parthenica, CBNUPM000160 (male); F, C. parthenica, CBNUPM000161 (female); G, C. uliginosella, CBNUPM000214 (male); H, C. vacciniella, CBNUPM000385 (male).

FIGURE 2. Newly recorded Coleophora spp. Venation. A, Coleophora clypeiferella, with close-up of frenulum, slide no. KJM0369 (female, reversed left wings, CBNUPM000333); B, C. kamchatica, with close-up of frenulum, slide no. KJM0478 (male, CBNUPM000212); C, C.lativittella, frenulummissing, slideno.KJM0179(female,OONNIN0000015631);D,C.levantis, frenulum missing, slide no. KJM0178 (male, OONNIN0000015632); E, hindwing of C. levantis, with close-up of frenulum, slide no. KJM0479 (female); F, C. parthenica, with close-up of frenulum, slide no. KJM0484 (female, CBNUPM000161); G, C. uliginosella, with close-up of frenulum, slide no. KJM0482 (female, CBNUPM000215); H, C. vacciniella, with close-up of frenulum, slide no. KJM0483 (male, CBNUPM000385).

FIGURE 3. Newly recorded Coleophora spp. Genitalia. A, female genitalia of Coleophora clypeiferella, with closeup of sterigma+colliculum (top), posterior portion of ductus bursae (middle), and signum (bottom), slide no. KJM0228 (CBNUPM000333); B, male genitalia of C. kamchatica, with close-up of transtilla bearing small spines (left) and distal portion of sacculus (right), slide no. KJM0157 (CBNUPM000212); C, phallus of male genitalia of C. kamchatica, with close-up of dorsal view of juxtal rods (left) and cornuti (right), slide no. KJM0157 (CBNUPM000212); D, female genitalia of C. lativittella, with close-up of sterigma+colliculum (top), posterior portion of ductus bursae (middle), and signum (bottom), slide no. KJM0088 (OONNIN0000015631).

FIGURE 4. Newly recorded Coleophora spp. Genitalia. A, male genitalia of Coleophora levantis, with close-up of sacculus, slide no. KJM0091 (OONNIN0000015632); B, male genitalia of C. levantis before slide preparation of A; C, phallus of male genitalia of C. levantis, with close-up of cornutus, slide no. KJM0091 (OONNIN0000015632); D, female genitalia of C. levantis, with close-up of sterigma+colliculum (left) and signum (right), slide no. KJM0420 (in INU); E, male genitalia of C. parthenica, slide no. KJM0476 (CBNUPM000160); F, phallus of male genitalia of C. parthenica, slide no. KJM0476 (CBNUPM000160); G, phallus of male genitalia of C. parthenica, slide no. KJM0121 (CBNUPM000018); H, female genitalia of C. parthenica, with close-up of sterigma+colliculum (top) and signum (bottom), slide no. KJM0477 (CBNUPM000161).

FIGURE 5. Newly recorded Coleophora spp. Genitalia. A, male genitalia of Coleophora uliginosella, slide no. KJM0461 (CBNUPM000214); B, phallus of male genitalia of C. uliginosella, with close-up of cornutus, slide no. KJM0461 (CBNUPM000214); C, phallus of male genitalia of C. uliginosella, with close-up of cornutus, slide no. KJM0296 (PCQAIN0000012023); D, female genitalia of C. uliginosella, with close-up of sterigma (top) and signum (bottom), slide no. KJM0462 (CBNUPM000215); E, male genitalia of C. vacciniella, with close-up of distal portion of sacculus, slide no. KJM0366 (CBNUPM000385); F, phallus of male genitalia of C. vacciniella, with close-up of cornuti (left) and spines forming a row in distal 1/3 (right), slide no. KJM0366 (CBNUPM000385).

FIGURE 6. Newly recorded Coleophora spp. Abdomen. A, female abdomen of Coleophora clypeiferella, slide no. KJM0228 (CBNUPM000333); B, male abdomen of C. kamchatica, slide no. KJM0157 (CBNUPM000212); C, female abdomen of C. lativittella, slide no. KJM0088 (OONNIN0000015631); D, male abdomen of C. levantis, slide no. KJM0091 (OONNIN0000015632); E, female abdomen of C. levantis, slide no. KJM0420 (in INU).

FIGURE 7. Newly recorded Coleophora spp. Abdomen. A, male abdomen of Coleophora parthenica, slide no. KJM0476 (CBNUPM000160); B, female abdomen of C. parthenica, slide no. KJM0477 (CBNUPM000161); C, male abdomen of C. uliginosella, slide no. KJM0461 (CBNUPM000214); D, female abdomen of C. uliginosella, slide no. KJM0462 (CBNUPM000215); E, male abdomen of C. vacciniella, slide no. KJM0366 (CBNUPM000385).

FIGURE 8. Reconfirmed Coleophora spp. Adult. A, Coleophora adspersella, CBNUPM000378 (male); B, C. albicans, CBNUPM000000381 (male); C, C. cristata, CBNUPM000147 (male); D, C. elodella, CBNUPM000425 (male); E, C. falkovitshella, CBNUPM000229 (female); F, C. fasciella, CBNUPM000336 (male); G, C. flavovena, CBNUPM000097 (female); H, C. fuscocuprella, CBNUPM000023 (male).

FIGURE 14. Reconfirmed Coleophora spp. Male genitalia.A, B, Coleophora flavovena, slide no. KJM0411 (in INU); C, D, C. fuscocuprella, slide no. KJM0233 (CBNUPM000024); E, F, C. honshuella, slide no. KJM0224 (CBNUPM000106); G, H, C. kononenkoi, slide no. KJM0293 (CBNUPM000224); I, J, C. mayrella, slide no. KJM0048 (CBNUPM000289).

FIGURE 15. Reconfirmed Coleophora spp. Male genitalia. A, B, Coleophora melanograpta, slide no. KJM0183 (CBNUPM000090); C, D, C. montaniella, slide no. KJM0354 (CBNUPM000126); E, F, C. obducta, slide no. KJM0299 (CBNUPM000203); G, H, C. quercicola, slide no. KJM0199 (CBNUPM000006); I, J, C. serinipennella, slide no. KJM0277 (CBNUPM000026).

FIGURE 18. Reconfirmed Coleophora spp. Female genitalia (all photographed in dorsal view). A, Coleophora honshuella, slide no. KJM0161 (CBNUPM000104); B, C. mayrella, slide no. KJM0474 (CBNUPM000326); C, C. melanograpta, slide no. KJM0184 (CBNUPM000072); D, C. montaniella, slide no. KJM0421 (CBNUPM000124); E, C. obducta, slide no. KJM0281 (CBNUPM000209).

FIGURE 27. Ecological photographs of C. mayrella. A, field of white clover (Trifolium repens), which is a host plant; B, female ovipositing deep inside flower (on May 26th, 2023); C, egg (indicated by the black arrow) deposited between wings (composed of two middle petals) and keel (composed of two innermost petals) (on May 26th, 2023); D, egg (on May 26th, 2023); E, egg about to hatch (on May 30th, 2023); F, 1st instar larva (on May 30th, 2023); G, intact seed pod; H, damaged seed pod with close-up of hole penetrated by larva (top) and interior showing damaged inner wall, seed, and frass (bottom); I, close-up of hole penetrated by larva into seed; J, 2nd instar larva feeding on inside of seed (on June 1st, 2023); K–O, larval seed cases; P, Q, parasitoid, Tetrastichus sp., dorsal and lateral views, with close-up of submarginal vein showing the characteristic single seta of the genus (indicated by the red arrow).