Decapoda

Low, Martyn E. Y., 2013, The Decapoda described by Henri Filhol: checklist and dates of publication (Crustacea: Anomura, Brachyura, Caridea), Zootaxa 3636 (2), pp. 385-393 : 386-393

New Zealand Decapoda

The decapod crustaceans collected during the Passage de Vénus sur le Soleil expedition to New Zealand were examined and treated in Filhol (1884c; 1885b–j). The accurate dates of these publications (viz., Filhol 1884c; 1885b–j) have not hitherto been accurately determined (see Forest et al. 2000: 10, 11). Notices of publication (A. Milne-Edwards 1885; Anonymous 1884, 1885; Carus 1884, 1885a, b) and date-stamps on copies of Filhol’s publications at the Natural History Museum (London), have allowed the relative priority of Filhol’s (1884c; 1885b–j) publications on New Zealand decapods to be determined.

Preliminary descriptions of several taxa were published in a series of short papers in the Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris (Filhol 1884c, 1885b–h). These same names were stated as new in a more detailed account that was published in the Bibliothèque de l’École des hautes Études (Filhol 1885i). These names were again described in detail as new in the official scientific results of the Passage de Vénus sur le Soleil expedition (Filhol 1885j) ( Fig. 1 B). These publications made no reference to the earlier preliminary descriptions. This has led to many workers overlooking the earlier preliminary descriptions (e.g. Chilton & Bennett 1929; Griffin 1963).

Lobophrys , an incorrect subsequent spelling of Labophrys Filhol, 1885 ( Majidae Samouelle, 1819 ), a junior objective synonym of Paramithrax H. Milne Edwards, 1834

The genus-group name Labophrys was first published in Filhol (1885b: 27), who stated that the name was used by H. Milne Edwards on labels in the collections of the “Muséum de Paris” (i.e. Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris). This attribution was repeated in subsequent publications by the same author (i.e. Filhol 1885i: 7; 1885j: 361). The name was subsequently spelt as Lobophrys in Filhol (1885i: 7; 1885j: 361) and this spelling has been used by all subsequent authors (e.g. Davie 2002: 307; Griffin 1963: 233; Ng et al. 2008: 117). Pisa barbicornis Latreille , in Latreille, Le Peletier, Serville & Guérin, 1825, is the type species by monotypy (Article 68.3 of the Code, ICZN 1999). Low & Ng (2012: 49) have argued that the authorship of the taxa conventionally attributed to “Latreille, 1825” (including Pisa barbicornis ) should be attributed to Latreille, in Latreille, Le Peletier, Serville & Guérin, 1825 instead.

The spelling Labophrys was used three times, and exclusively, in Filhol (1885b: 27) and there is an absence “in the original publication itself [of] clear evidence of an inadvertent error” (Article 32.5.1 of the Code, ICZN 1999). Furthermore, Article 33.3.1 of the Code (ICZN 1999) which states that “when an incorrect subsequent spelling is in prevailing usage and is attributed to the publication of the original spelling, the subsequent spelling and attribution are to be preserved and the spelling is deemed to be a correct original spelling” does not apply because Filhol (1885b: 27) has never been cited as the first usage of the name Lobophrys . The name Labophrys Filhol, 1885, is therefore regarded as the correct spelling, and Lobophrys (which was first used in Filhol 1885i: 7), is an incorrect subsequent spelling.

Labophrys Filhol, 1885, is an junior objective synonym of Paramithrax H. Milne Edwards, 1834 , as they have the same type species (see Davie 2002: 307; Griffin 1963: 233; Ng et al. 2008: 117).

edwardsi, 1885h: 48 Porcellanopagurus edwardsi Filhol, 1885 McLaughlin et al. (2010: 34) ;

Porcellanopagurus [ Paguridae ] Saint Laurent & McLaughlin (in Forest et al. 2000: 110–114)

edwardsii, Eupagurus c 1884c: 66 Diacanthurus spinulimanus (Miers, 1876) McLaughlin et al. (2010: 29)

[ Paguridae ]

edwardsii, Hymenicus d 1885d: 43 Halicarcinus varius (Dana, 1851) Ng et al. (2008: 108) [ Hymenosomatidae ]b

Eurymolambrus [sic] 1885j: 371 Eurynolambrus H. Milne Edwards & —

Lucas, 1841 [ Majidae ]

ferox , Lithodes 1885a: 55 Lithodes ferox Filhol, 1885 [ Lithodidae ] McLaughlin et al. (2010: 12) gracilipes , Nematocarcinus 1884a: 232 Nematocarcinus gracilipes Filhol, 1884 De Grave & Fransen (2011: [ Nematocarcinidae ] 299); Holthuis (1980: 189) ......continued on the next page ......continued on the next page rubroguttata, Pasiphae 1885k : pl. 5,? Deosergestes corniculum (Krøyer, 1855) De Grave & Fransen (2011: caption [ Sergestidae ] 241); Holthuis (1980: 192)

Rupellioides [sic] 1885i: 50 Ruppellioides A. Milne-Edwards, 1867 Ng et al. (2008: 64) [ Menippidae ]

setosus , Pagurus 1885i: 34 Areopaguristes setosus (H. Milne McLaughlin et al. (2010: 18)

Edwards, 1848) [ Diogenidae ]

spinosus , Pilumnus 1885c: 28 , 29 Pilumnus spinosus Filhol, 1885 Ng et al. (2008: 142) [ Pilumnidae ]

stewarti , Eupagurus 1884c: 67 Lophopagurus (Australeremus) stewarti McLaughlin et al. (2010: 30) ; (Filhol, 1884) [ Paguridae ] Saint Laurent & McLaughlin (in Forest et al. 2000: 179–181)

stewarti , Eurynolambrus — See Eurynolambrus australis var. stewarti —

stewarti , Petrolisthes 1885g: 47 Petrolisthes novaezelandiae Filhol, 1885 Osawa & McLaughlin (2010:

[ Porcellanidae ] 114)

talismanii, Galacantha 1885k : pl. 3, Galacantha rostrata A. Milne Edwards, Baba et al. (2008: 62) caption 1880 [ Galatheidae ]

thompsoni , Eupagurus 1885i: 33 Lophopagurus (Lophopagurus) thompsoni McLaughlin et al. (2010: 30)

(Filhol, 1885) [ Paguridae ]

traversi , Eupagurus 1885i: 32 Pagurus traversi (Filhol, 1885) McLaughlin et al. (2010: 34) ; [ Paguridae ] Saint Laurent & McLaughlin (in Forest et al. 2000: 206–209)

a Spelt as “ Hymenicus cooki ” in Filhol (1885i: 18; 1885j: 401).

b Ng et al. (2008: 109) discussed that Melrose’s (1975) identification of some of hymenosomatid species names of Filhol is doubtful, and that the type material will need to be re-examined to confirm these identities.

c Spelt as “ Eupagurus edwardsi ” in Filhol (1885i: 25; 1885j: 412).

d Spelt as “ Hymenicus edwardsi ” in Filhol (1885i: 17).

e Crane (1975: 323) mentioned that the type (s) of this species could not be located in the Muséum d’Histoire naturelle (Paris) or “elsewhere”. Dell (in Crane 1975: 323) is quoted as discussing that any species of the genus Uca is unlikely to be found at Campbell Island, “where the crab fauna is particularly sparse and is obviously Subantarctic in derivation and relationship”. This opinion is shared by Colin McLay (in litt., 15 February 2013). Crane (1975: 323) also noted that “Filhol’s description is insufficient for determining the specimen’s affinities, and he published no illustration”. Crane (1975: 323) appears to have overlooked the figures of Gelassimus [sic] huttoni that were published in Filhol (1885j: pl. 45, figs. 1–4, 8–12; reproduced as Fig. 1 A). Herein, we follow the opinion of Ng et al. (2008: 242), who tentatively regarded this species as a valid name of uncertain taxonomic placement (i.e. “ incerta sedis ”).

f It is clear that this species was named after the New Zealand naturalist Thomas William Kirk, as another species in the same publication was named after another New Zealand naturalist, James Hector. As discussed by Saint Laurent & McLaughlin (in Forest et al. 2000: 176) and following the provisions of Article 32.5.1 (ICZN 1999: 39), the incorrect original spelling “ krikii ” must be emended to kirkii .

g See the discussion in the text.

h The name Megametope was first used by Filhol (1885i: 49) in a checklist of New Zealand Crustacea as follows: “ Megametope rotundifrons , A. M.-Edw.”. Although without a description, the name is available (Article 12.2.5 of the Code, ICZN 1999). The first description of this genus-group name is conventionally cited as Filhol (1885j: 373) (e.g. Davie 2002: 552; McNeill 1926: 129).

i First published as a nomen nudum in Filhol (1885i: 51).

j Chilton & Bennett (1929: 751) considered Panopeus otagoensis Filhol, 1885 to be a valid species and noted that this species “is known from a single male specimen collected by Hutton at Port Chalmers and described by Filhol. It would thus appear that the species is endemic, and that the type is in the Paris Museum”. Bennett (1964: 14) considered this species to be among those “described or recorded by overseas authors from Australian or other material incorrectly alleged to have been collected in New Zealand ”. In their world checklist of Brachyura, Ng et al. (2008: 194) accepted the validity of this species and assigned it to the family Xanthidae . Colin McLay (in litt., 15 February 2013) advises that the status of this species should be considered to be incerta sedis as “its identity is by no means clear”.

Acknowledgements

The assistance of Paul F. Clark, Lisa di Maggio and Judith Magee (Natural History Museum, London) during the author’s visit to their institution is gratefully acknowledged. Rafael Lemaitre ( U. S. National Museum, Smithsonian Institution) and Peter Castro (California State Polytechnic University, California) helped check copies of Filhol’s publications respectively at the U. S. National Museum and the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. Peter Castro and Sammy De Grave (University of Oxford) provided constructive comments on the manuscript. S. K. Tan (National University of Singapore) provided a sounding-board for discussion related to the names Labophrys and Lobophrys . Colin McLay (University of Canterbury, New Zealand) kindly reviewed the submitted manuscript and provided many helpful comments.

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Figures

FIGURE 1. Examples from two works published by Henri Filhol in 1885. A, the title-page of La vie au fond des mers (Filhol 1885 k). B, plate 45 from the Passage de Vénus sur le Soleil (Filhol 1885 j). Images from works no longer in copyright: A, digitised by the Internet Archive (http: // www. archive. org); B, digitised by Google Books (http: // www. books. google. com).