Copestylum (Phalacromya) nigripes ( Bigot, 1857 )

Barahona-Segovia, Rodrigo M., Riera, Pamela, Pañinao-Monsálvez, Laura, Guzmán, Vicente Valdés & Henríquez-Piskulich, Patricia, 2021, Updating the knowledge of the flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Chile: Illustrated catalog, extinction risk and biological notes, Zootaxa 4959 (1), pp. 1-178 : 89-90

Copestylum (Phalacromya) nigripes ( Bigot, 1857)

Figs 128–131

Phalacromyia nigripes Bigot, 1857: 296

Phalacromyia concolor Philippi, 1865: 734

Volucella nigripes Shannon & Aubertin, 1933: 168 *

Type locality and data. “ Chile ” (T, ♂, UMO) .

Material examined. Coquimbo: (sex udetermined) Talinay , 28.I.1969, Leg. C. Vivar ( MNHNCL) ; 1♀, Los Molles , 21.IX.1965, Leg. NN ( MNHNCL) ; 1♂, 2♀, Divisadero, Punitaqui , 5–18.I.1968, Leg. L.W. Alfaro ( MEUC) , Valparaíso: 1♀, Villa Alemana , 21.IX.1962, Leg. J. Solervicens ( MNHNCL) ; 1♀, Hacienda Las Palmas , Ocoa, 1960, Leg. R. Bobadilla ( MEUC) ; 1♀, Parque urbano La Ligua, 2016, Leg. César Martínez ( CSP) ; 1♀, El Salto, 12.X.1967, Leg. J. Solervicens ( MNHNCL) ; 1♀, El Quisco, 08.XII.1962, Leg. J. Solervicens ( MNHNCL) ; Metropolitana : 1♀, TilTil, Lo Marín , 18.X.1987, Leg. G. Cerda ( MNHNCL) ; 1♂, Cerro La Provincia , 15.X.1984, Leg. G. Arriagada ( MNHNCL) ; 1♂, 1♀, La Obra, 18.X.1987, Leg. G. Arriagada ( MNHNCL) ; 2♂, 3♀, Quebrada de la Plata, Maipú, 1967, Leg. N. Hichins ( MEUC) ; 1♀, Maipú , 14.II.1948, Leg. L.E. Peña ( CNC) ; 2♀, Talagante , no date, Leg. NN ( IEUMCE) ; 1♂, 1♀, Los Queches , Aculeo, 1963, Leg. N. Hichins ( MEUC) ; O’Higgins: 1♂, 4♀, Cerro Poqui , 20–24.III.1951, Leg. L.E. Peña ( IEUMCE, CNC) .

References. Bigot, 1857: 296 (desc.); Philippi, 1865: 734 (desc.); Schiner, 1868: 354 (desc.); Bigot, 1883: 82 (desc.); Williston, 1886: 316 (cat.); Reed, 1888: 300 (cat.); Kertész, 1910: 324 (desc.); Curran, 1926a: 55 (key); Curran, 1929: 507 (key); Curran, 1930c: 11 (key); Shannon & Aubertin, 1933: 168 (desc.); Curran, 1934: 385 (key); Stuardo, 1946: 129 (cat.); Fluke, 1957: 77 (cat.); Etcheverry, 1963: 102 (cat.); Thompson et al., 1976: 80 (cat.); Montoya, 2016: 511 (cat.), Marín-Armijos et al., 2017: 169 (cat.).

World distribution. Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Chile.

Chilean distribution. From Coquimbo to O’Higgins ( Fig. 144 ).

Altitudinal range. From coastal to precordillera ecosystems (100– 1,000 m.a.s.l.).

Biology and notes. Montoya (2016) and Marín-Armijo et al., (2017) recorded this species for Colombia and Ecuador respectively. However, the species has not been collected beyond the Coquimbo region in northern Chile. The species has also been recorded for Concepción and Chiloé, but there are no specimens collected that corroborate this data. The locality of “Poqui” for Chiloé is mentioned but can be a labeling mistake because there are no localities with that name in the island. We believe that the locality mentioned by Etcheverry (1963) corresponds to the Poqui hill in the O’Higgins region. New records between northern Chile and Peru could corroborate the distribution of this native species to the western slope of the Andes. In Central Chile, C. nigripes has been observed visiting flower of H. stenophyllum (César Martínez, CSP record); H. foliosus (Cristian Villagra pers. obs.), and T. quinquenervia (Daniel Llavanera CSP record, Figs 130–131 ). An assessment in the 13 th classification process of the Environmental Ministry of Chile classified C. nigripes as VU (www.mma.gob.cl/clasificacionespecies) due to habitat loss by urbanization and croplands, especially avocado crops and cacti remotion.

Conservation status. VU under B2ab (iii) using AOO = 68 km 2 and 10 localities (or subpopulations) remains (originally these were 16); EOO = 28,860 km 2.

Figures

FIGURE 144. Distribution map of Copestylum azurea (Philippi, 1865) (blue circles); Copestylum nigripes (Bigot, 1857) (red circles); Copestylum rufoscutellare (Philippi, 1865) (black circles); Copestylum saphirinum (Bigot, 1883) (green circles) in Chile.

FIGURES 128–133. Copestylum nigripes (Bigot, 1857): (128) male, lateral view, and (129) female, dorsal view (photos by Vicente Valdés), scale bars = 2 mm; (130) female feeding on Heliotropium stenophyllum Hook. & Arn., La Ligua (Photo by César Martínez); (131) female feeding on Trevoa quinquenervia Gillies & Hook., Rio Clarillo National Park (photo by Daniel Llavaneras). Copestylum peruvianum (Vimmer & Soukup, 1839): (132) lateral view and (133) dorsal view, male (photos by Vicente Valdés). Scale bars = 2 mm.