Eristalis (Eristalis) croceimaculata ( Jacobs, 1900 )

Barahona-Segovia, Rodrigo M., Riera, Pamela, Pañinao-Monsálvez, Laura, Guzmán, Vicente Valdés & Henríquez-Piskulich, Patricia, 2021, Updating the knowledge of the flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Chile: Illustrated catalog, extinction risk and biological notes, Zootaxa 4959 (1), pp. 1-178 : 38-39

Eristalis (Eristalis) croceimaculata ( Jacobs, 1900)

Figs 45–46

Eoseristalis croceimaculata Jacobs, 1900: 107

Palpada croceimaculata Thompson et al., 1976: 104 *

Type locality and data. “ Lamayeque , 5 miles south of Chiclayo 20m, Peru ” (HT, ♂, CAS) .

Material examined. La Araucanía: 1♀, Marimenuco , 1100 m, 10–13.XII.1959, Leg. L. Peña ( CNC; Thomp- son 1997); Los Ríos : 1♀, Santo Domingo, Valdivia , 5.I.1992, Leg. E. Krahmer ( UACH) ; Los Lagos: 1♂, Puyehue , 5.II.2018, Leg. J.H., A.W. and A.M. Skevington ( CNC) ; 1♂, Llanquihue , XII.1926, Leg. R. & E. Shannon ( CNC) ; 1♂, Puerto Varas , XII.1926, Leg. R. & E. Shannon ( USNM; Thompson 1997) ; 1♂, 2♀, Casa Pangue , 4–10.XII.1926, Leg. F & M. Edwards ( BMNH) ; 1♂, Lago Chapo, 1–28.II.83, Leg. Arriagada ( MNHNCL) ; Aysén: 1♀, Península de Taitao , XI.1956, Leg. Riffart ( INIA) ; 1♀, Puerto Cisnes , 1–15.II.1961, Leg. L. Peña ( CNC) ; 3♀, Lago Buenos Aires, Chile Chico , 24–31.XII.1960, Leg. L.E. Peña ( CNC; Thompson 1997) ; 1♀, Río Simpson, Coyhaique , 23– 24.I.1961, Leg. L. Peña ( CNC; Thompson 1997) ; 1♂, Cerro Castillo, P. Pionero, 5.III.67, Leg. Cerda ( MNHNCL) ; Magallanes: 1♂, 1♀, Punta Delgada, 22.XII.68, Leg. No data ( MNHNCL) ; 1♀, Morro Chico , 8.XII.1969, Leg. J. Cerda ( MNHNCL) ; 1♂, Mina Rica, 19.I.69, Leg. Cerda ( MNHNCL) ; 1♂, Brazo Norte , 13.II.1972, Leg. Cerda ( MNHNCL) ; 1♂, Hda. Bulnes, 13.I.69, Leg. Cerda ( MNHNCL) ; 1♀, San Juan, 3.I.70, Leg. Cerda ( MNHNCL) ; 1♀, Tres Brazos , 28.XII.1958, Leg. Cerda ( MNHNCL) ; 1♂, Konaiken , 18.XI.1979, Leg. Cerda ( MNHNCL) ; 2♂, Leña Dura , 1.I.1971, Leg. Cerda ( MNHNCL, USNM) ; 2♀, Isla Riesco, 8.XII.79, Leg. Cerda ( MNHNCL) ; 2♀, Estero Guayrabo, 23.XII.79, Leg. Cerda ( MNHNCL) ; 1♂, 1♀, Ruhens, 16.XII.76, Leg. Cerda ( MNHNCL) ; 1♀, Ojo Bueno, 16.XII.74, Leg. Cerda ( MNHNCL) ; 1♀, Reserva Forestal, 5.I.74, Leg. Cerda ( MNHNCL) ; 1♂, Laguna Amarga, Puerto Natales, east of Mt. Payne , 200 m, 14-20.XII.1960, Le. Peña ( CNC; Thompson 1997) ; 1♂, Punta Arenas , 21–30.XII.2068, Leg. Vicete Pérez ( MNHN) ; 1♀, Puerto Williams, Isla Navarino , 22–29.XI.1969, Leg. L. Peña ( CNC; Thompson 1997) .

References. Jacobs, 1900: 108 (desc.); Shannon & Aubertin, 1933: 162 (desc. as Eristalis bogotensis ); Thompson et al., 1976: 104 (cat.); Thompson, 1997: 226 (desc.); Wakeham-Dawson et al., 2009: 66 (cat. & notes); Smith- Ramírez et al., 2014: 6 (ecological study, supplementary material); Chown & Convey, 2016: 125 (ecology).

World distribution. Argentina, Peru and Chile.

Chilean distribution. From La Araucanía to Magallanes region ( Fig. 49 ).

Altitudinal range. From coastal to highland ecosystems (50– 2,200 m.a.s.l.).

Biology and notes. Eristalis croceimaculata is the most austral flower fly species in the world. It reaches Navarino Island, the furthest southern island in Chile. Recently, it was recorded in South Georgia Island in front of the Antarctic edge ( Chown & Convey 2016). Before the revision of the Neotropical Eristalis species, the name E. bogotensis ( Macquart, 1842) was used for a wide-range of species from Colombia to Tierra del Fuego (Wakeham- Dawson et al., 2009). Thompson (1997) showed that the name E. bogotensis , used to designate a species that occurs in Colombia, Ecuador and Peru, was actually used for two different species. Southern specimens (occurring in Argentina and Chile) were erroneously identified as E. bogotensis , but they were E. croceimaculata . This species has been recorded visiting flowers of Berberis sp. (Fernando González CSP record), T. officinale (Benjamín Silva CSP record); Bidens aurea (Aiton) Sherff (Francisco Espinoza, CSP) , and Malus domestica Borkh (Vanessa Durán, Paz Gatica, Ignacio Montenegro and Rodrigo Barahona-segovia, pers. obs.).

Conservation status. LC; EOO = 669,477 km 2; EOO = 108 km 2 and 28 localities (or subpopulations).

Figures

FIGURE 49. Distribution map of Eristalis species in Chile: E. croceimaculata Jacob, 1900 (blue circles), and Eristalis tenax (Linnaeus, 1758) (red circles).

FIGURE 45–48. Eristalis croceimaculata Jacob, 1900: (45) female (photo by Alfredo Lüer), Punta Arenas and (46) male visiting Taraxacum officinale L., Ushuaia (photo by David Nicólas Albo). Eristalis tenax (Linnaeus, 1758): (47) visiting Senecio sp., Santiago (photo by Pablo Moreno), and (48) visiting an Asteraceae, Playas Blancas (photo by Ramón Hurtado).