Toxomerus politus ( Say, 1823 )

Barahona-Segovia, Rodrigo M., Riera, Pamela, Pañinao-Monsálvez, Laura, Guzmán, Vicente Valdés & Henríquez-Piskulich, Patricia, 2021, Updating the knowledge of the flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Chile: Illustrated catalog, extinction risk and biological notes, Zootaxa 4959 (1), pp. 1-178 : 154

Toxomerus politus ( Say, 1823)

Fig. 214

Scaeva polita Say, 1823: 88

Syrphus politus Say, 1823: 88 *

Syrphus achoratus Macquart, 1842: 97 *

Syrphus cingulatulus Macquart, 1850: 459

Mesogramma politus Loew, 1866: 157 *

Syrphus hecticus Jaennicke, 1867: 398

Mesogramma anchorata Schiner, 1868: 348 *

Mesograpta anchorata Osten Sacken, 1875: 48 *

Mesograpta polita Osten Sacken, 1875: 48 *

Mesograpta politum Fluke, 1956: 228 *

Type locality and data. “ USA. Virginia: Fairfax Co., near Annandale ” (fixed by NT designation) (NT, ♂, USNM) .

Material examined. Arica y Parinacota: 1♀, Lluta Valley , km 41, 21.4.196 8, Leg. J. Acuña (UTA).

References. Say, 1823: 88 (desc.); Sack, 1941: 100 (cat.); Boyes et al., 1973: 395 (karyotypes); Thompson et al., 1976: 53 (cat.); Metz & Thompson, 2001: 240 (desc.); Marinoni et al., 2004: 556 (ecological study); Marinoni et al., 2007: 149 (desc. & dist.); Mengual et al., 2008: 719 (phylogeny); Borges & Couri, 2009: 47 (desc.); Morales & Köhler, 2008: 44 (ecological study); Reemer & Rotheray, 2009: 1 (biological study); Nunes-Silva et al., 2010: 178 (ecological study); Reemer, 2010: 193 (notes & dist.); Mengual et al., 2012: 195 (phylogeny); Souza et al., 2014: 6 (ecological study); Arcaya et al., 2013: 146 (dist.); Bortolotto et al., 2016: 159 (ecological study); Miranda & Moran, 2016: 8, figs 64, 65, 79 & 92 (female terminalia); Montoya, 2016: 484 (cat.); Marín-Armijos et al., 2017 (cat.).

World distribution. Southern Canada to Argentina, including West Indies and Chile.

Chilean distribution. Only recorded to Arica y Parinacota region ( Fig. 220 ).

Altitudinal range. This species could inhabit transverse valleys between 5 and 500 m. a.s.l.

Biology and notes. Toxomerus politus is here reported from Chile for the first time and is a flower fly species widely distributed in South America. Larvae have been described as polinivorous ( Reemer & Rotheray 2009; Nunes- Silva et al., 2010) All basic aspects of its biology and ecology remain unknown.

Conservation status. LC; AOO = 2 km 2 and one locality (or subpopulation). This species is widely distributed in all Neotropical region.

Figures

FIGURE 220. Distribution map of Toxomerus species in Chile: Toxomerus calceolatus (Macquart, 1842) (green circles); Toxomerus floralis (Fabricius, 1798) (light blue circles); Toxomerus politus (violet triangle); Toxomerus productus (Curran, 1930) (yellow circles); Toxomerus schlingeri Thompson & Thompson, 2006 (blue circles); Toxomerus vertebratus (Rondani, 1863) (red triangle).

FIGURES 210–215. Toxomerus calceolatus (Macquart, 1842): (210) female visiting Baccharis sp., Cuchiñí (Photo by Matías Cortés) and (211) male, Santiago (photo by Gabriela Germain). Toxomerus incaicus Sack, 1941: (212) male, lateral view (photo by Kevin Moran, CNC) and (213) male, dorsal view (photo by Kevin Moran, CNC). Scale bars = 2 mm. Toxomerus politus (Say, 1823: (214) dorsal view (photo by Patricia Henríquez). Scale bar = 0.5 mm. Toxomerus productus (Curran, 1930): (215) dorsal view (photo by Vicente Valdés). Scale bar = 1 mm.