Adoretus (Lepadoretus) compressus ( Weber, 1801 )

Limbourg, Pol, Constant, Jérôme, Institute, Matthias Seidel Belgian, Sciences, Natural, Heritage, Scientific, Institute, Belgian, Sciences, Natural & Taxonomy, O. D., 2022, Review of the Adoretini of Cambodia with six new species, Belgian Journal of Entomology 128, pp. 1-58 : 45-47

Adoretus (Lepadoretus) compressus ( Weber, 1801)

Figs 25–26

Melolontha compressa WEBER, 1801: 72 [original description].

Adoretus squamosus GAUTIER DES COTTES, 1870: 104 [synonymized by GAUTIER DES COTTES, 1872: 523].

Adoretus (Lepadoretus) ubonensis MIYAKE , YAMAGUCHI & AOKI, 2002: 62–63 [synonymized by KOBAYASHI, 2018: 81].

Melolontha compressa – ILLIGER, 1801: 248 [listed from Sumatra]. — SCHÖNHERR, 1817: 211 [list].

Anoplognatha [sic!] compressa – WIEDEMANN, 1823: 95–96 [transferred to Anoplognatha [subsequent misspelling of Anoplognathus ] Leach, 1815, redescription].

as Adoretus umbrosus – BURMEISTER, 1844: 475–476 [transferred to Adoretus ; Melolontha compressa Weber, 1801 , new synonymy]. — GAUTIER DES COTTES, 1872: 523 [ Adoretus squamosus GAUTIER, 1870 , new synonymy].

Adoretus compressus – BURMEISTER, 1855: 532 [list]. — REITTER, 1889: 267 [key].

as Adoretus (Lepadoretus) umbrosus – REITTER, 1903: 30 [key; transferred to subgenus Lepadoretus ].

Adoretus (Lepadoretus) compressus – OHAUS, 1912a: 222 [key], 224–225 [catalogue], fig. 3 [aedeagus]. — OHAUS, 1912b: 150 [discussion on distribution], 641 [reference to original publication]. — OHAUS, 1912c: 269 [distinction between Adoretus umbrosus Fabricius, 1792 and Adoretus compressus WEBER, 1801 ]. — OHAUS, 1914b: 82 [new record for Simeulue]. — ARROW, 1917: 298 [key], 311–312 [redescription], fig. 91 [aedeagus]. — OHAUS, 1918: 191 [catalogue]. — OHAUS, 1925: 178 [new record for Java, Borneo, and Halmahera]. — OHAUS, 1932: 138–139 [new records for Malaysia]. — LEPESME, 1947: 439 [on coconut tree and other plants in Malaysia], fig. 325 [drawing of habitus]. — VAN EMDEM, 1950: 199 [parasites]. — PAULIAN, 1959: 90 [key], 91–92 [redescription], fig. 91 [aedeagus]. — MACHATSCHKE, 1965: 82–83 [catalogue]. — MACHATSCHKE, 1972: 318 [catalogue]. — KRAJCIK, 2008: 11 [catalogue]. — KANEKO & WADA, 2020: 42 [type catalogue].

Adoretus (Lepadoretus) ubonensis – KRAJCIK, 2008: 19 [catalogue].

Adoretus (Adoretus) compressus – KOBAYASHI, 2018: 81 [transferred to Adoretus (Adoretus) , new synonymy, records for Thailand].

TYPE MATERIAL EXAMINED. Lectotype [here designated]: [umbrosa] [supposedly Sumatra, labelled by M. Seidel 2021] [Lectotype, Melolontha compressa Weber, 1801 , des. M. Seidel 2021] [ Adoretus compressus ( Weber, 1801) det. M. Seidel 2021] [ WORLD SCARAB. DATABASE WSD00347892] ( ZMUK).

Paralectotype ♀: [umbrosa] [supposedly Sumatra, labelled by M. Seidel 2021] [Paralectotype, Melolontha compressa Weber, 1801 , des. M. Seidel 2021] [ Adoretus compressus ( Weber, 1801) det. M. Seidel 2021] [ WORLD SCARAB. DATABASE WSD00347893] ( ZMUK).

ADDITIONAL MATERIAL EXAMINED. 3♀♀: Battambang prov., Prek Toal , 28.vii.2005, Malaise trap, leg. Tun Nay ( RBINS) ; 1♂, 1♀: idem, 24.x.2005, ( RBINS) ; 1♀: idem, 11.iii.2006, night trap, Oul Yothin leg. ( RBINS) ; 1♂: Bantaey Meanchey prov., Ang Trapeang Thmor , forest, 05- 12.viii.2005, Malaise trap, Ranger leg. ( RBINS) ; 1♂, 1♀: Bantaey Meanchey prov., Ang Trapeang Thmor , 12-20.VIII.2005, Malaise trap, Ranger leg. ( RBINS) ; 1♀: Bantaey Meanchey prov., Ang Trapeang Thmor , 28.viii/ 04.ix.2005, Malaise trap, leg. Ranger ( RBINS) ; 1♀: idem, ix-xii.2005 ( RUPP) ; 1♀: idem, iii.2006, Tak Sour leg. ( RBINS) ; 3♂♂, 2♀♀: Siem Reap prov., Angkor, Elephant center, 14-21.xii.2004, Malaise trap, leg. I. Var ( RBINS) ; 1♂: Siem Reap prov., Sam Veasna Center, 28.iv-06.v.2005, Malaise trap, I. Var leg. ( RUPP) ; 1♂: Siem Reap prov., Angkor Thom , 26.v.2003, light trap, K. Smets & J. Constant leg. ( RBINS) ; 1♀: idem, 31.v.2003 ( RBINS) ; 5♂♂, 4♀♀: idem, 26.v.2005, night collecting, leg. K. Smets & I. Var ( RBINS) ; 1♀: idem, forest S. of Angkor Wat , 26.iv.2005 ( RBINS) ; 1♂: Siem Reap prov., Preah Khan temple ( Angkor ), 8-16.vi.2005, Malaise trap, I. Var leg. ( RBINS) ; 1♂: idem, 16- 23.x.2005, Daniel R. Jump leg. ( RBINS) ; 1♀: idem, 28.xi-7.xii.2005, Oul Yothin leg. ( RBINS) ; 1♂: idem, 2.v.2006 ( RBINS) ; 1♀: idem, 1-7.xi.2005 ( RBINS) ; 1♀: idem, 16.v.2006 ( RBINS) ; 1♀: idem, 11.vii.2006 ( RBINS) ; 1♂: idem, 18.vii.2006 ( RBINS) ; 1♂: idem, Bakheng , 14- 21.viii.2005, D. Jump leg. ( RBINS) ; 3♂♂, 3♀♀: Siem Reap, garden, 23-28.vi.2006, light trap, leg. K. Smets & K. Gielen ( RBINS) ; 1♂, 1♀: Siem Reap, xii.2006 / iii.2007, leg. Mikis Putzeys ( RBINS) ; 1♂, 2♀♀: Siem Reap prov., Preah Khan Temple , 11.vii.2006, Malaise trap 1, Oul Yothin leg. ( RBINS) ; 9♂♂, 15♀♀: Pursat prov., O’Soam (12°04’54’’N / 103°12’05’’E), 14- 18.X.2016, GTI Project, I.G.: 33.345, leg. J. Constant & J. Bresseel ( RBINS) ; 4♂♂, 9♀♀: Koh Kong Prov., Tatai, ii-v.2018, I.G.: 33.732, G. Chartier leg. ( RBINS) ; 1♀: Preah Seihanu, Prey Nup Mangrove , 8-23.iv.2014, light, I.G.: 32.709, M. Demilcamp leg. ( RBINS) ; 1♂, 3♀♀: idem, day coll., 2-4.v.2015, I.G.: 33.022, J. Constant & V. Sougnez leg. ( RBINS) ; 1♂, 1♀: idem, 2-8.v.2015, Malaise trap, ( RBINS) ; 2♂♂, 1♀: idem, 8-12.v.2015 ( RBINS) .

DISTRIBUTION. Described from Sumatra, and known from the Malay Peninsula, Java, Borneo, Philippines, Sulawesi, Halmahera, Hawaii, Bengal, Tamil Nadu ( India), Sri Lanka, Singapore, Cambodia ( ARROW, 1917), Vietnam, Myanmar and Thailand; Russia ( GAUTIER, 1870), China. The species was also listed from Africa, Mauritius Island and the Republic of South Africa ( OHAUS, 1912b), however, we have never seen any specimens of this species collected in Africa in any of the numerous collections examined so far.

NOTE. The reunited Fabricius collection in Kiel ( Germany) holds two insect drawers that each contain a unit tray with specimens determined as Melolontha umbrosa . The former Copenhagen part of the collection holds the true Adoretus (Chaetadoretus) umbrosus (Fabricius, 1792) from Guinea (Africa), whereas the Kiel part of the collection holds two specimens from Asia (supposedly Sumatra) which correspond to WEBER’ s (1801) and WIEDEMANN’ s (1823) descriptions of Melolontha compressa . Weber was a student of Fabricius, and his specimens are suggested to be integrated in the Fabricius collection ( HORN et al., 1990). Either Fabricius mislabeled Weber’s specimens based on bad memory of his own species, or he considered it a synonym of his species since he omitted Weber’s species in his Systema Eleutheratorum (1801) where he included other WEBER (1801) species. Weber’s specimens were obtained from Dagobert Carl de Daldorff whose collection was partly deposited in Copenhagen and Kiel ( HORN et al., 1990), therefore giving us confidence that the historical Asian Adoretus in the Fabricius collection are the syntypes of Melolontha compressa Weber, 1801 . In conclusion we designate a male lectotype and female paralectotype to stabilize the taxonomy and fix the identity of Melolontha compressa . Furthermore, the lecto- and paralectotype are conspecific with Adoretus ubonensis Miyake, Yamagushi, Aoki & Akiyama, 2002 , therefore agreeing with the synonymy of both species established by KOBAYASHI (2018). The species is here transferred back to the subgenus Lepadoretus because the characteristics of its setae correspond to the subgenus Lepadoretus as defined by OHAUS (1914a). This subgenus is characterized by dorsal side covered with more or less long scales, while the subgenus Adoretus differs from the latter by dorsal side covered only with thin setae. Adoretus squamosus Gautier des Cottes, 1870 , described from Khyagt ( Russia), is likely not conspecific with the Indomalayan A. compressus .

BIOLOGY. This species is widespread in many parts of the world, introduced through the transport of cultivated plants ( OHAUS, 1912b).