Eustrophus tomentosus Say, 1826

Pollock, Darren, 2008, Review of the Canadian Eustrophinae (Coleoptera, Tetratomidae), ZooKeys 2 (2), pp. 261-290 : 273-274

Eustrophus tomentosus Say, 1826

( Figs 4 , 11, 16 , 20, 24 , 28 )

Eustrophus tomentosus Say, 1826: 239 .— Melsheimer, 1853: 143; Provancher, 1877: 466; Horn, 1888: 35; Blatchley, 1910: 1293; Leng, 1920: 238; Csiki, 1924: 9; Hatch, 1965: 66; Poole and Gentili 1996: 299; LeSage, 1991: 246; Young and Pollock, 2002: 416; Majka and Pollock, 2006: 53 . Neotype (here designated), sex unknown, labelled “Ill. / E. tomentosus Say. niger Mels. ”, in MCZ (LeConte collection).

Mycetophagus niger Melsheimer Catalogue ; Melsheimer, 1846: 58.

Eustrophus niger Melsheimer, 1846: 58 ; Leng, 1920: 238; LeSage, 1991: 246; Poole and Gentili, 1996: 299.

Diagnosis Adults of E. tomentosus are more parallel-sided than other Nearctic Eustrophinae . Individuals also have the following diagnostic features: eyes widely separated; antennal sensilla only partly annular; dorsal pubescence distinctly golden or brown; meso- and metatibiae with ridges; prothoracic episterna without transverse suture. The only other Nearctic species of Eustrophinae with the combination of ridged tibiae and widely separated eyes is Eustrophopsis confinis , which is darker in color and has the transverse suture present on the pro-episterna.

Description TL 4.5-6.0 mm; GEW 2.1-3.0 mm. Body ( Fig. 4 ) oval, parallelsided; dorsal color dark brown, with golden sheen due to dense pubescence; venter and antennae uniformly dark rufous, lighter than dorsal color; dorsal pubescence relatively short, but dense, giving distinct sheen (almost irridescent); eyes ( Fig. 11 ) widely separated (space ̴1.5 x length of first antennomere), inner margins deeply emarginate; antennomeres ( Fig. 20 ) 2-11 only slightly but evenly widened to apex, without distinct change in size between any 2 adjacent antennomeres; distal antennomeres subtriangular to nearly quadrate; antennal sensilla not completely annular, present on short sides of antennomeres only ( Fig. 24 ); last maxillary palpomere slightly securiform; procoxal process triangular, narrowed distally, extended to slightly short of posterior margin of procoxae; prothoracic episternal suture absent; elytral punctation relatively fine, punctures arranged in longitudinal striae; meso- and metatibiae with oblique ridges present ( Fig. 15 ).

Distribution ( Fig. 28 ) Th e Canadian distribution of this species is fairly broad west to east, although spotty; in the west, specimens are known from British Columbia and southern Manitoba but absent from Alberta and Saskatchewan. In the east, most localities are from southern Ontario and Quebec, with recently documented records from Nova Scotia ( Majka and Pollock, 2006). In the United States, the species is distributed primarily east of the Mississippi, but also exhibits the same western gap seen in the Canadian distribution. US distribution: AL, AR, AZ, CA, CT, DC, FL, GA, IA, ID, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MD, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, ND, NH, NJ, NY, OH, OK, OR, PA, SC, TN, TX, VA, VT, WI, WV.

Natural history Label data: Pseudotsuga taxifolia (BC), from fungus (BC), evening flight, 4.IX (BC), ex Populus trichocarpa (BC), in bark Larix occidentalis (BC), fleshy fungus on tree (ON), under bark of pine (ON), under wet moldy bark on dead tree (ON), elm (PQ), UV light trap (PQ), cut surface of stump (PQ), Ulmus americana (PQ), under bark of pine (AL), Spongipellis unicolor (AR), Climacodes septentrionale (AR), Trametes versicolor (AR), under pine bark (CA), Lindgren trap with turpentine bait (CA), on Pinus ponderosa (CA), ex. Polyporus fungus (FL), UV light in oak-maple forest (IA), fungus on dead pine (ID), under bark of old pine stump (MD), in Peromyscus nest debris under bark of dead standing Liriodendron (MD), fungus on oak (MN), funnel traps (MT), at black light, VI.1970 (NC), malaise trap, VIII-ix (NE), window trap, 8-14.VI (NH), light trap, VI (NY), Lindgren funnel trap, alpha-pinene and ethanol lure (OR), stale molasses trap (SC), at wound on oak trunk (SC), malaise in mature hardwood forest, VI (SC), under bark of old dead deciduous tree (VT), ex dead oak stump (WI), under bark of chestnut oak (WV). Chantal (1985) stated that adult E. tomentosus are found under bark of dead trees, particularly elm ( Ulmus americana ), as well as at sap flows (“exudations”); they are also attracted to light.

Material examined Specimens were examined from the following Canadian localities: BRITISH COLUMBIA: Canal Flats , 21.VIII.1977, B.F. & J.L. Carr, lot 1, ( CARR, 4) ; same locality, 21.VIII.1977, B.F. & J.L. Carr, lot 1, ( DAPC, 1) ; Creston , 17.V.1931, G. Stace Smith, ( CNC, 5) ; same locality, 19.V.1956, G. Stace Smith, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 17.V.1931, G. Stace Smith, ( UBC, 11) ; same locality, 22.VII.1948, G. Stace Smith, from fungus, ( UBC, 1) ; same locality, 12.VII.1946, G. Stace Smith, host: Pseudotsuga taxifolia , ( UBC, 1) ; same locality, 3.VIII.1945, G. Stace Smith, in fungi, ( UBC, 1) ; same locality, 5.VIII.1950, G. Stace Smith, from fungus, ( UBC, 1) ; same locality, 17.V.1957, G. Stace Smith, evening flight, ( UBC, 1) ; same locality, 4.IX.1951, G. Stace Smith, evening flight, ( UBC, 1) ; same locality, 17.VI.1951, G. Stace Smith, ex fungus, ( UBC, 1) ; same locality, 11.IX.1951, G. Stace Smith, ex fungus, ( UBC, 1) ; same locality, 1.VI.1952, G. Stace Smith, ex fungus, ( UBC, 1) ; same locality, 25.VI.1958, G. Stace Smith, ex fungus, ( UBC, 1) ; same locality, 6.V.1953, G. Stace Smith, evening flight, ( UBC, 1) ; same locality, 18.V.1951, G. Stace Smith, ex Populus trichocarpa , ( UBC, 1) ; same locality, 15.VI.1948, G. Stace Smith, from fungus, ( UBC, 1) ; same locality, 22.VII.1948, G. Stace Smith, from fungus, ( UBC, 1) ; Creston , 1900 ft., 25.V.1933, G. Stace Smith, surface of pond, ( UBC, 1) ; Creston, 2000 ft., 20.II.1932, G. Stace Smith, in bark Larix occidentalis , ( UBC, 1). Gabriola , 29.IV.1993, B.F. & J.L. Carr, lot 1, ( CARR, 5) ; same locality, 29.VI.1993, B.F. & J.L. Carr, ( GJHC, 3). MANITOBA: Winnipeg, Univ. of Manitoba campus, forest along Red River , 5-8.VII.1985, D.A. Pollock, suction trap, ( DAPC, 1). ONTARIO: no other data, ( MCZ, 1). Arnprior, 26.V.1935, W.J. Brown, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 9.VI.1935, W.J. Brown, ( CNC, 1) ; Bell’s Corners , 17.X.1962, D.D. Munroe, ( CNC, 3) ; same locality, 10.VII.1963, D.D. Munroe, ( CNC, 1) ; Chaffeys Locks Biol. Stn. , 6.VI.1986, A. Davies, berlese fleshy fungi on tree, ( CNC, 1) ; Constance Lake , 10.VI.1989, G. Hilchie, ex mushroom, ( CARR, 1) ; DeCew Falls , 6.V.1942, S.D. Hicks, ( CNC, 1) ; Hamilton , 15.VI.1982, M. Sanborne, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 28.VI-14.VII.1982, M. Sanborne, ( CNC, 2) ; same locality, 30.VI-8.VII.1981, M. Sanborne, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 23.VII.1980, M. Sanborne, Malaise trap, ( CNC, 1) ; Lambton Co., Pinery Prov. Park, 15-20.VI.1994, J. Skevington, Malaise Cedar trail oak savanna meadow, ( DEBU, 2) ; same locality, 22.VI.1995, G. Vogg, Visitor Centre, ( DEBU, 1) ; Lanark , 17.IX.1977, S.A. Marshall, ( JBWM, 3) ; Leamington , 18.VI.1940, W.J. Brown, ( CNC, 1) ; Merivale , 4.VI.1935, W.J. Brown, ( CNC, 1) ; Ottawa , 14.VIII.1912, Beaulieu, ( CNC, 2) ; same locality, ( CNC, 4) ; same locality, 17.V, under bk. of pine, ( CNC, 3) ; same locality, 14.VIII.1912, Beaulieu, ( MCZ, 2) ; Prince Edward Co., 15.VI.1947, Brimley, ( CARR, 3) ; same locality, 23.IV.1922, Brimley, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 21.VII.1918, Brimley, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 20.VII.1938, Brimley, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 13.VI.1940, Brimley, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 16.IX.1923, Brimley, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 21.VII.1918, Brimley, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, Brimley, ( UAIC, 3) ; same locality, Brimley, ( UAIC, 3). Rondeau Pk. , 2-6.VI.1985, L. LeSage & A. Smetana, flight intercept in white pine stand, ( CNC, 3) ; Rondeau Pk. , 2-6.VI.1985, L. LeSage & A. Smetana, int. trap in maple-beech forest, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 14.VI-2.VII.1985, L. LeSage & D.M. Wood, ( CNC, 1) ; Rondeau Pr. Pk., Black Oak Trail , 5.VI.1985, A. Davies & J.M. Campbell, under wet moldy bk. on dead tree, ( CNC, 1) ; Toronto, R.J. Crew, ( CUIC, 2) ; same locality, 2.I.1895, R.J. Crew, ( CUIC, 4) ; same locality, III, Crew, ( UWEM, 1) ; Trenton , 25.V.1899, Evans, ( CNC, 1) ; no other data, ( DEBU, 2) ; Ariss , 18.VII.1976, S.A. Marshall, ( DEBU, 1) ; Gananoque , 22.VI.1963, C.J. Edwards, ( DEBU, 1) ; Grimsby , 14.VI.1977, W.A. Attwater, ( DEBU, 2) ; Guelph , 17.VII.1976, S.A. Marshall, ( DEBU, 5) ; same locality, 27.III.1977, Kevin Barber, ( DEBU, 10) ; Lanark , 2.VIII.1976, M.J. Sharkey, ( DEBU, 1) ; London, W. Saunders, ( DEBU, 3) ; same locality, 28.VI.1976, W.A. Attwater, ( DEBU, 1) ; Oakville , 21.VII.1977, W.A. Attwater, ( DEBU, 1) ; Port Credit , 16.V.1993, C. Krupke, rotting wood, ( DEBU, 1) ; Pr. Edw. Co., Brimley , 2.VI.1940, ( AMNH, 1) ; Primrose , 27.VII.1977, W.A. Attwater, ( DEBU, 1) ; Ridgeway, ( DEBU, 1) ; Whitby, 21.IV.1974, G.J. Umphrey, ( DEBU, 1). QUEBEC: Aylmer , 12.V.1932, W.J. Brown, ( CNC, 1) ; Gatineau Pk. , 24.V.1970, J.M. Campbell, ( CNC, 1) ; Montreal , 4.IV.1969, E.J. Kiteley, elm, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 27.VIII.1973, E.J. Kiteley, UV light trap, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 21.VII.1974, E.J. Kiteley, UV light trap, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 25.VI.1980, E.J. Kiteley, cut surface stump, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 26.VIII.1973, E.J. Kiteley, UV light trap, ( CNC, 1) ; Old Chelsea , NCC woodpile, 27.V-5.VI.1987, L. Masner, pans, ( CNC, 1) ; Riviera Touraine , 12.IV.1974, R. Sexton, Ulmus americana , ( CNC, 15) ; same locality, 14.IV.1974, R. Sexton, Ulmus americana , ( CNC, 19) ; Terrebonne, Saint-Hippolyte , 27.V.1978, S. Laplante, UV light, ( SLC, 1). LOCALITY UNKNOWN. no other data, ( CUIC, 1) ; Ulke collection, ( CMNH, 1) ; no other data, ( USNM, 1). NOVA SCOTIA: Guysborough Co., Borneo , 28.VI.1995, C. Corkum, ( NSMC, 1) ; Halifax Co., Big St. Margarets Bay , 29.VII-13.VIII.1997, D.J. Bishop, in old red spruce habitat, ( NSMC, 1) ; Queens Co., Tobeatic Lake , 3.VI.2003, P. Dollin, red spruce habitat (80-120 yrs.), ( NSMC, 2)

Figures

Figs 1-7. Dorsal habitus of Canadian eustrophines. Fig. 1. Pseudoholostrophus impressicollis, TL = 4.3 mm; Fig. 2. Pseudoholostrophus discolor, TL = 4.8 mm; Fig. 3. Holostrophus bifasciatus, TL = 5.8 mm; Fig. 4. Eustrophus tomentosus, TL = 4.8 mm; Fig. 5. Eustrophopsis bicolor, TL = 5.6 mm; Fig. 6. Eustrophopsis confinis, TL = 5.4 mm; Fig. 7. Synstrophus repandus, TL = 6.8 mm.

Figs 8-16. Features of Canadian eustrophines. Figs. 8-14. Frontal view of head (same specimens as in Figs. 1-7). Fig. 8. Pseudoholostrophus impressicollis; Fig. 9. Pseudoholostrophus discolor; Fig. 10. Holostrophus bifasciatus; Fig. 11. Eustrophus tomentosus; Fig. 12. Eustrophopsis bicolor; Fig. 13. Eustrophopsis confinis; Fig. 14. Synstrophus repandus. Figs. 15-16. Hind tibia. Fig. 15. H. bifasciatus; Fig. 16. E. tomentosus.

Figs 17-25. Antennae of Canadian eustrophines. Fig. 17. Pseudoholostrophus impressicollis; Fig. 18. Pseudoholostrophus discolor; Fig. 19. Holostrophus bifasciatus; Fig. 20. Eustrophus tomentosus; Fig. 21. Eustrophopsis bicolor; Fig. 22. Eustrophopsis confinis; Fig. 23. Synstrophus repandus; Fig. 24. E. tomentosus, antennomeres 9-11 (sensillar field indicated by stippling); Fig. 25. S. repandus, antennomeres 9-11 (sensillar field indicated by stippling). Scale bar = 0.25 mm (Figs. 17-23); 0.1 mm (Figs. 24-25).

Fig. 28. Canadian distribution of Eustrophus tomentosus. Inset shows US distribution, by state.