Zwicknia kovacsi Murányi & Gamboa, 2014

Murányi, Dávid, Gamboa, Maribet & Orci, Kirill Márk, 2014, Zwicknia gen. n., a new genus for the Capnia bifrons species group, with descriptions of three new species based on morphology, drumming signals and molecular genetics, and a synopsis of the West Palaearctic and Nearctic genera of Capniidae (Plecoptera), Zootaxa 3812 (1), pp. 1-82 : 44-46

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.3812.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7847D731-9F66-4856-A79F-9435FED25B1D
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4919259
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F99336-FF23-FFC2-1BE4-5E4DD16FFA3A
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Zwicknia kovacsi Murányi & Gamboa
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Zwicknia kovacsi Murányi & Gamboa View in CoL , sp. n.

( Figs. 49–51 View FIGURE 49 View FIGURE 50 View FIGURE 51 , 53–55 View TABLE 1 View FIGURES 53–55 , 86–89 View FIGURES 86–89 , 110 View FIGURES 110–113 , 116 View FIGURES 114–119 , 123 View FIGURES 120–123 , 131–132 View FIGURES 127–147 , 160 View FIGURES 148–164 , 168 View FIGURES 165–168 , 183–184 View FIGURES 169–184 , 190–192 View FIGURE 190 View FIGURE 191 View FIGURE 192 , 194 View FIGURES 193–195 , 196–197 View FIGURES 196–197 ).

Diagnosis. Male epiproct: Ep-scl medially swollen, wide and blunt in dorsal view, tip straight in lateral view; ventral membranous section terminates far before the base in lateral view, apical spines thin and long, distributed also on the apex of Ep-scl. Process of male Tg 9: wide, perpendicularly elevated, 2 × wider than the swollen part of the Ep-scl, bearing two distinct apical horns. Males produce short (150–160 ms), monophasic, percussive calls. A call is composed of 6–7 beats that follow each other with nearly constant inter-beat intervals (27–34 ms at 17–18 o C ambient air temperature). Calls are produced sporadically.

Type material. Holotype male: ROMANIA: Maramureş County, Rodna Mts., Borşa-Staţiunea Borşa, Cimpoies Stream above the village, N 47°36.323’ E 24°46.828’, 930 m a.s.l., 02.04.201 1, leg. T. Kovács, D. Murányi ( HNHM: PLP3809 About HNHM ; used for drawings Figs. 49–51 View FIGURE 49 View FIGURE 50 View FIGURE 51 , 53–55 View TABLE 1 View FIGURES 53–55 ) GoogleMaps . Paratypes: same locality and date: 1m ( BYUC; used for drawings Figs. 86–89 View FIGURES 86–89 , 123 View FIGURES 120–123 , 131–132 View FIGURES 127–147 , 160 View FIGURES 148–164 , for molecular studies as 300988, drumming recorded as 2011/No.2), 1m ( HNHM: PLP3807 About HNHM ; terminalia prepared for SEM to Figs. 110 View FIGURES 110–113 , 116 View FIGURES 114–119 , used for molecular studies as 300987, drumming recorded as 2011/No.1, Figs. 183–184 View FIGURES 169–184 ), 1f ( MM) GoogleMaps .

Description. Head, thorax, appendages and basal segments of the abdomen generotypic. Males micropterous, females macropterous. Body length: holotype 5.5 mm, male paratypes 5.5, female paratype 8.0 mm; forewing length: holotype 1.2 mm, male paratypes 1.2–1.4 mm, female paratype 7.0 mm.

Male terminalia ( Figs. 86–89 View FIGURES 86–89 , 123 View FIGURES 120–123 ): Process of Tg 9 high and wide, its apex 1½× wider, membranous section in dorsal view 2 × wider than the medial swollen section of Ep-scl; apex perpendicularly elevated but the base slightly fold backwards; its sides are slightly sinuous, the apex broadly incised and bear two distinct horns; sides slightly indenting in caudal view, the membranous portion narrowest in the apical part ( Fig. 160 View FIGURES 148–164 ). Tg 10, B-scl and Lb-scl generotypic. Ep-scl wide and blunt in dorsal view, medially swollen, its medial width is nearly the same like basal width; tip straight in lateral view, divided section short. Ventral membranous part between the division of Ep-scl ends far before the base in lateral view; apical spines thin and long, distributed not only on the membranous part but extend to the Ep-scl ( Figs. 110 View FIGURES 110–113 , 116 View FIGURES 114–119 , 131–132 View FIGURES 127–147 ). I-scl generotypic, Ec short and contorted in the three known specimens. St 9 not projecting medially, vesicle small. Sg rounded with not so pronounced triangular shape, tip rounded. Pp, Fp, Rp and cerci generotypic.

Female subgenital plate: Rectangular, posterior margin rounded, slightly incised and equal to the segment’s posterior margin. Antero-lateral recess distinct, the plate is entirely brown; lateral sclerites relatively large.

Drumming: Males produce single, short monophasic calls sporadically. Within each call, beat repetition frequency is nearly constant (see Fig 190 View FIGURE 190 , Appendix Table 4 View TABLE 4 ). A call is composed of beats with nearly constant amplitude. See Figs. 168 View FIGURES 165–168 , 183–184 View FIGURES 169–184 for the oscillographic pattern of the male drumming calls of this species. Mean values of the examined drumming call parameters for the two studied specimens (male 1, male 2): DC (ms): 157.4, 154; NBC: 6.3, 6; MBI (ms): 29.8, 30.8; air temperature (o C): 17.7, 17.4. The pattern of male-female drumming duet is presently unknown.

Genetics: The phylogeny ( Fig. 192 View FIGURE 192 ) indicates a well-supported node for the Romanian population separated from other Zwicknia populations ranging from 2%–3%.

Affinities. This species is morphologically distinct, and readily separated from other Zwicknia known species on the basis of swollen Ep-scl and very wide, distinctly bicornuate process of Tg 9. Females of this species are difficult to reliably separate from other Zwicknia species. The male drumming calls of this species are conspicuously different from those of Z. bifrons and Z. acuta which produce much longer calls with much slower beat repetition rate. Short call duration and fast beat repetition make the male calls of Z. kovacsi similar to the calls of Z. rupprechti . Despite the small sample of drumming calls available from Z. kovacsi our results suggest that this species produces longer calls composed of more beats, repeated more evenly and with longer inter-beat intervals, than in Z. rupprechti . Regarding its longer mean beat interval the male call of Z. kovacsi apparently is less closely similar to Rupprecht's "Capbif" drumming variant ( Rupprecht 1997) than the male call of Z. rupprechti . This species is genetically distinct from the other species with 19 informative characters.

Distribution and ecology. Zwicknia kovacsi occurs only in the Rodna Mts. of the Eastern Carpathians ( Figs. 196–197 View FIGURES 196–197 ). There are only four additional records of Zwicknia from Romania ( Kis 1974), the specimens we examined from Cluj-Napoca are Z. bifrons , and the figures of Kis (1974: Fig. 64 A–C View FIGURES 62–65 ) probably also refer to this species. Adults were collected in early April at a single, fast flowing and medium-sized mountain stream at an elevation of 930 m ( Fig. 194 View FIGURES 193–195 ).

Etymology. The species is dedicated to Tibor Kovács, Gyöngyös, Hungary, in recognition of his contribution to our knowledge on the Plecoptera and other insects of the Carpathian Basin and the Balkans; furthermore, he is one of the collectors of the type series. Used as the genitive of a noun of male gender.