Salinator rosacea, Golding, Rosemary E., Ponder, Winston F. & Byrne, Maria, 2007

Golding, Rosemary E., Ponder, Winston F. & Byrne, Maria, 2007, Taxonomy and anatomy of Amphiboloidea (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia: Archaeopulmonata), Zootaxa 1476, pp. 1-50 : 14

Salinator rosacea sp. nov.

Holotype ( Fig. 2 G): Australia, Northern Territory: Darwin, Elizabeth River, on mud between mangroves, 20 Mar 2005, H. Fukuda, W.F. Ponder and V. Kessner (AMS C.446520).

Paratypes: Same data as holotype (AMS C.446519), 22 specimens.

Other material examined: Australia, Northern Territory: Darwin, Rapid Creek, on mud in mangroves, 15 Jul 1988, W.F. Ponder (AMS C.445408); Darwin, East Point, Ludmilla Creek, in mangroves, 14 Jun 1976, W.F. Ponder (AMS C.445412). Australia, Western Australia: Wyndham, mangroves south of Wyndham jetty, 7 May 1978, J. Walker and D. Stoddart (AMS C.445409, C.445410); Derby, in mangroves around wharf, 9 Jul 1988, W.F. Ponder (AMS C.445411).

Etymology: This species is named after its red foot and pink shell.

Description: Shell ( Fig. 2 G): Thin and delicate, with very short spire, diameter to 5 mm, Whorls with square shoulder. Exterior uniform pale pink to mauve.

Operculum ( Fig. 4 D): Entirely corneous, pale yellow, with eccentric, paucispiral nucleus. Inner surface of operculum with slightly raised bar across nucleus.

External morphology: Head and foot bright red in living and freshly killed specimens, colourless in formalin-preserved specimens.

Mantle organs: Mantle roof with few blood vessels; opposed ciliary tracts short, restricted to exhalant canal; hypobranchial gland flat, yellow in formalin-preserved specimens, circular, positioned at right anterior roof of mantle cavity.

Digestive system: As for A. crenata , but proportionally smaller.

Radula ( Figs. 9 G, H): With central tooth present, lateral teeth absent, approximately 25 marginal teeth on each side of radula; central tooth bearing nine pointed cusps, cusps adjacent to mesocone reduced in length, other cusps narrow and elongate; marginal teeth unicuspid, narrow, elongate, curved.

Central nervous system: As for S. fragilis , but presence of parapedal and subcerebral commissures not confirmed. Visceral loop moderately long.

Reproductive system ( Fig. 14 D): Proximal reproductive system as for S. fragilis , with following differences in terminal genitalia: Spermovipositor with flared plate around aperture of spermoviduct bearing three stubby, rounded projections, two from distal portion and one from base of spermovipositor; small, coneshaped microsculpture around aperture of spermovipositor. Spermovipositor sheath highly folded and thickwalled, with a single small pocket distal to junction with spermovipositor base. Egg mass unknown.

Distribution and habitat ( Fig. 1 ): North Western Australia, from Derby (Western Australia) to Darwin (Northern Territory). Found in mangrove habitat.

Remarks: Salinator rosacea sp. nov. is distinct from other Salinator species in having red pigmentation of the head-foot, a pink shell with square shoulder, no lateral radular teeth, a spermovipositor bearing three projections and short opposed ciliary tracts in the mantle cavity. This species has been tentatively placed in the genus Salinator , but may well, with further study, be found to merit recognition at the genus-group level.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Distributions of amphiboloidean species determined from the present study and previous reports. Species in bold are examined in this paper.

FIGURE 2. Shell morphology of species in Amphibolidae, Phallomedusidae fam. nov. and Maningrididae fam. nov .. A. Amphibola crenata (Martyn, 1786), (AMS C. 446522). B – D. Salinator fragilis (Lamarck, 1822), B. Lectotype (MHN 1094 / 1), C. Albany, Western Australia (AMS C. 446486), D. Cambridge, Tasmania (AMS C. 442291). E. Salinator tecta sp. nov .. Holotype, Narrabeen Lakes, Sydney (AMS C. 446774). F. Salinator rhamphidia sp. nov .. Holotype, Botany Bay, Sydney (AMS C. 446516). G. Salinator rosacea sp. nov .. Holotype, Elizabeth River, Darwin (AMS C. 446519). H, I. Phallomedusa solida (Martens, 1878), H. Holotype (ZMB 22207), I. Lake Illawarra, New South Wales (AMS C. 442239). J. Phallomedusa austrina sp. nov .. Holotype, Stanley, Tasmania (AMS C. 446510). K. Lactiforis tropicalis sp. nov .. Holotype, Broome, Western Australia (AMS C. 446775). L. Lactiforis takii (Kuroda, 1928). Ariake Sea, Japan (AMS C. 446490). M. Naranjia cf. swatowensis (Yen, 1939). Tsim Bei Tsui, Hong Kong (AMS C. 446511). N. Maningrida arnhemensis sp. nov .. Holotype, Maningrida, Northern Territory (AMS C. 446485). Scale bar = 2 mm.

FIGURE 4. SEM photographs of internal surface of opercula, unless stated otherwise. A. Phallomedusa solida (Martens, 1878). B. Lactiforis tropicalis sp. nov .. C. Salinator rhamphidia sp. nov .. D. Salinator rosacea sp. nov .. E, F. Maningrida arnhemensis sp. nov., E. Exterior surface of operculum, F. Detail of nucleus on internal surface. Scale bar = 500 µm.

FIGURE 9. SEM photographs of radulae of Salinator Hedley, 1900 species, showing half-radula and detail of central and lateral teeth. A, B. Salinator fragilis (Lamarck, 1822). C, D. Salinator tecta sp. nov .. E, F. Salinator rhamphidia sp. nov .. G, H. Salinator rosacea sp. nov .. A, C, E, G. Scale bar = 50 µm, B, D, F, H. Scale bar = 20 µm.

FIGURE 14. Distal reproductive structures of Amphibolidae. Structures orientated with proximal region at top of figure and distal region including genital aperture at base of figure. In all figures the dorsal part of the spermovipositor sheath has been removed, showing the spermovipositor, and in Figs. 13 A – C, E and H the distal portion of the prostatic gland is not shown. A. Salinator fragilis (Lamarck, 1822). B. Salinator tecta sp. nov .. C. Salinator rhamphidia sp. nov .. D. Salinator rosacea sp. nov .. E. Naranjia cf. swatowensis (Yen, 1939). F. Lactiforis tropicalis sp. nov .. G. Lactiforis takii (Kuroda, 1928). H. Amphibola crenata (Martyn, 1786). A, B, C. Scale bar = 1 mm, D, E, F, G, H. Scale bar = 500 µm.