Opeatocerata

Câmara, J. T. & Rafael, J. A., 2014, Revision of Opeatocerata Melander, 1928 (Diptera: Empididae: Empidinae), Zootaxa 3846 (4), pp. 502-546 : 504-505

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3846.4.2
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:71A80CC3-CDC1-4291-863B-FA7501D60AF5
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5285179
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F6943F-E077-FF9E-C7C7-F976ADBD149D
treatment provided by	Plazi (2016-04-12 13:31:39, last updated 2024-11-24 23:05:02)
scientific name	Opeatocerata
status

Treatment

Key to species of Opeatocerata View in CoL View at ENA (males)

(the following species are known only from female specimens: O. cooperi and O. rubida )

1 Tergites with brown to black spots ( Figs 3 View FIGURES 1 – 7. 1 , 47 View FIGURES 47 – 57 , 64 View FIGURES 64 – 73 , 90 View FIGURES 90 – 99 , 123 View FIGURES 123 – 128 , 170 View FIGURES 170 – 178 , 185 View FIGURES 185 – 194 , 195 View FIGURES 195 – 202 , 203 View FIGURES 203 – 210 )................................... 2

- Tergites without spots ( Figs 8 View FIGURES 8 – 16 , 17 View FIGURES 17 – 25 , 26 View FIGURES 26 – 32 , 33 View FIGURES 33 – 41 , 80 View FIGURES 80 – 89 , 100,107, 114, 129, 138, 152, 161).................................. 9

2 Tergites with paramedian spots occupying half or more than half of the tergites ( Figs 64 View FIGURES 64 – 73 , 90 View FIGURES 90 – 99 , 170 View FIGURES 170 – 178 , 195 View FIGURES 195 – 202 , 203 View FIGURES 203 – 210 )............ 3

- Tergites with paramedian spots occupying less than half of the tergites ( Figs 47 View FIGURES 47 – 57 , 123 View FIGURES 123 – 128 , 185 View FIGURES 185 – 194 ).......................... 7

3 Phallus long, ending well beyond the hypandrium apex in lateral view ( Figs 72 View FIGURES 64 – 73 , 209 View FIGURES 203 – 210 ).............................. 6

- Phallus short, ending before or just beyond the hypandrium apex in lateral view ( Figs 98 View FIGURES 90 – 99 , 178 View FIGURES 170 – 178 , 199 View FIGURES 195 – 202 )................... 4

4 Phallus with trilobate apex ( Figs 199, 200 View FIGURES 195 – 202 )......................................... O. trilobata Câmara & Rafael View in CoL

- Phallus with a single lobe apically ( Figs 98 View FIGURES 90 – 99 , 178 View FIGURES 170 – 178 )........................................................... 5

5 Tergites with paramedian subtriangular spots in dorsal view ( Fig. 93 View FIGURES 90 – 99 )........................ O. hadrophallus View in CoL sp. nov.

- Tergites with paramedian subretangular spots in dorsal view ( Fig. 173 View FIGURES 170 – 178 ).............................. O. stubbsi Smith View in CoL

6 Phallus curved down ( Fig. 72 View FIGURES 64 – 73 ). Epandrial lobe acuminate at apex ( Fig. 68 View FIGURES 64 – 73 )....................... O. curvipenis View in CoL sp. nov.

- Phallus curved up ( Fig. 209 View FIGURES 203 – 210 ). Epandrial lobe truncate at apex ( Fig. 205 View FIGURES 203 – 210 )......................... O. zuleideae View in CoL sp. nov.

7 Anterior cercus with reclinate dorsal projection in lateral view ( Fig. 51 View FIGURES 47 – 57 ). Posterior cercus without dorsal projections ( Fig. 52 View FIGURES 47 – 57 ). Subepandrial sclerite V-shaped in dorsal view ( Fig. 54 View FIGURES 47 – 57 )............................... O. chaetohypandrialis View in CoL sp. nov.

- Anterior cercus with proclinate dorsal projection in lateral view ( Figs 124 View FIGURES 123 – 128 , 189 View FIGURES 185 – 194 ). Posterior cercus with a dorsal triangular pro- jection ( Figs 125 View FIGURES 123 – 128 , 190 View FIGURES 185 – 194 ). Subepandrial sclerite U-shaped in dorsal view ( Fig. 192 View FIGURES 185 – 194 ).................................. 8

8 Tergites with paramedian suboval spots in dorsal view ( Fig. 188 View FIGURES 185 – 194 ). Epandrial lobe slightly bilobate in lateral view ( Fig.189 View FIGURES 185 – 194 ). Phallus with a subapical dorsal spine-like projection ( Fig. 193 View FIGURES 185 – 194 )................................ O. tanimboca View in CoL sp. nov.

- Tergites brown on lateral margin, without paramedian spots in dorsal view ( Fig. 123 View FIGURES 123 – 128 ). Epandrium with a single lobe in lateral view ( Fig. 124 View FIGURES 123 – 128 ). Phallus without a subapical spine-like projection ( Fig. 126 View FIGURES 123 – 128 ).............. O. melanderi Câmara & Rafael View in CoL

9 Phallus without dorsal appendix ( Figs 88 View FIGURES 80 – 89 , 121 View FIGURES 114 – 122 , 144 View FIGURES 138 – 144 )........................................................ 10

- Phallus with dorsal appendix ( Figs 15 View FIGURES 8 – 16 , 24 View FIGURES 17 – 25 , 32 View FIGURES 26 – 32 , 40 View FIGURES 33 – 41 , 55 View FIGURES 47 – 57 , 107 View FIGURES 100 – 108 , 136 View FIGURES 129 – 137 , 159 View FIGURES 152 – 160 , 167 View FIGURES 161 – 169 )...................................... 12

10 Tergite 8 undivided ( Fig. 83 View FIGURES 80 – 89 ). Posterior cercus without dorsal projection ( Fig. 78 View FIGURES 74 – 79 )............ O. cylindrophallus View in CoL sp. nov.

- Tergite 8 divided in two plates ( Fig. 4 View FIGURES 1 – 7. 1 ). Posterior cercus with a basal pointed dorsal projection ( Figs 118 View FIGURES 114 – 122 , 141 View FIGURES 138 – 144 )......... 11

11 Subepandrial sclerite longer than bacilliform sclerite in dorsal view ( Fig. 120 View FIGURES 114 – 122 ). Posterior cercus with a dorso-median subtrian- gular projection ( Fig. 118 View FIGURES 114 – 122 )......................................................... O. megalophallus View in CoL sp. nov.

- Subepandrial sclerite shorter than bacilliform sclerite in dorsal view ( Fig. 143 View FIGURES 138 – 144 ). Posterior cercus without a dorso-median pro- jection ( Fig. 141 View FIGURES 138 – 144 ).................................................................... O. nhamunda View in CoL sp. nov.

12 Phallus with a dorsal subbasal appendix ( Figs 15 View FIGURES 8 – 16 , 136 View FIGURES 129 – 137 )..................................................... 13

- Phallus with a dorsal subapical appendix ( Figs 24 View FIGURES 17 – 25 , 32 View FIGURES 26 – 32 , 40 View FIGURES 33 – 41 , 55 View FIGURES 47 – 57 , 107 View FIGURES 100 – 108 , 159 View FIGURES 152 – 160 , 167 View FIGURES 161 – 169 ).................................... 14

13 Anterior cercus with dorsal pro and reclinate projections in lateral view ( Figs 132 View FIGURES 129 – 137 ). Phallus without ventral appendix ( Fig. 136 View FIGURES 129 – 137 )..................................................................................... O. mourai View in CoL sp. nov.

- Anterior cercus with dorsal proclinate projection in lateral view ( Fig. 11 View FIGURES 8 – 16 ). Phallus with subapical ventral appendix ( Fig. 15 View FIGURES 8 – 16 )...................................................................................... O. agudeloi View in CoL sp. nov.

14 Phallus with wide dorsal subapical appendix ( Figs 24 View FIGURES 17 – 25 , 32 View FIGURES 26 – 32 , 40 View FIGURES 33 – 41 , 55 View FIGURES 47 – 57 )............................................. 15

- Phallus with narrow dorsal subapical appendix ( Figs 107 View FIGURES 100 – 108 , 159 View FIGURES 152 – 160 , 167 View FIGURES 161 – 169 )........................................... 17

15 Posterior cercus pointed at apex in lateral view ( Figs 20 View FIGURES 17 – 25 ) and without dorsal projections ( Fig. 21 View FIGURES 17 – 25 ).... O. ampullaria View in CoL sp. nov.

- Posterior cercus rounded at apex in lateral view ( Figs 28 View FIGURES 26 – 32 , 36 View FIGURES 33 – 41 ) and with a pointed dorsal projection ( Figs 29 View FIGURES 26 – 32 , 37 View FIGURES 33 – 41 )........ 16

16 Anterior cercus with proclinate dorsal projection in lateral view ( Fig. 46 View FIGURES 42 – 46 ). Subepandrial sclerite longer than bacilliform sclerite in dorsal view ( Fig. 39 View FIGURES 33 – 41 ).............................................................. O. brasiliensis View in CoL sp. nov.

- Anterior cercus with reclinate dorsal projection in lateral view ( Fig. 28 View FIGURES 26 – 32 ). Subepandrial sclerite shorter than bacilliform sclerite in dorsal view ( Fig. 31 View FIGURES 26 – 32 )................................................................... O. bare View in CoL sp. nov.

17 Posterior cercus with a basal pointed and a median subtriangular projections ( Fig. 104 View FIGURES 100 – 108 ).................. O. lopesi Smith View in CoL

- Posterior cercus without dorsal projections ( Figs 156 View FIGURES 152 – 160 , 164 View FIGURES 161 – 169 ).................................................. 18

18 Phallus with lateral spines ( Fig. 168 View FIGURES 161 – 169 ). Epandrial lobe with rounded apex in lateral view ( Fig. 163 View FIGURES 161 – 169 ).... O. spinipenis View in CoL sp. nov.

- Phallus without lateral spines ( Fig. 159 View FIGURES 152 – 160 ). Epandrial lobe with truncated apex in lateral view ( Fig. 155 View FIGURES 152 – 160 ).... O. smithi View in CoL sp. nov.

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 7. 1. Opeatocerata agudeloi sp. nov. antenna; 2. Wing; 3. O. stubbsi, tergites 4 – 8; 4. O. melanderi, sternites 5 – 8; 5. Cercus, epandrium and subepandrial sclerite, lateral view; 6. Opeatocerata ampullaria sp. nov., lobes of cercus, dorsal view; 7. descendant plate of anterior cercus, posterior view.

FIGURES 47 – 57. Opeatocerata chaetohypandrialis sp. nov., holotype ♂. 47. habitus, lateral view; 48. wing; 49. abdomen from tergite 4 to terminalia, lateral view; 50. tergites 3 – 8, dorsal view; 51. terminalia, lateral view; 52. lobes of cerci, dorsal view; 53. descendant plate of anterior cercus and hypropoct, posterior view; 54. subepandrial sclerite and bacilliform sclerite, dorsal view; 55. ejaculatory apodeme, phallus and hypandrium, lateral view; 56. apex of phallus, ventral view; 57. hypandrium, ventral view.

FIGURES 64 – 73. Opeatocerata curvipenis sp. nov., holotype ♂. 64. habitus, lateral view; 65. wing; 66. abdomen from tergite 4 to terminalia, lateral view; 67. tergites 4 – 8, dorsal view; 68. terminalia, lateral view; 69. lobes of cerci, dorsal view; 70. descendant plate of anterior cercus and hypropoct, posterior view; 71. subepandrial sclerite and bacilliform sclerite, dorsal view; 72. ejaculatory apodeme, phallus and hypandrium, lateral view; 73. hypandrium, ventral view.

FIGURES 90 – 99. Opeatocerata hadrophallus sp. nov., holotype ♂. 90. habitus, lateral view; 91. wing; 92. abdomen from tergite 6 to terminalia, lateral view; 93. tergites 4 – 8, dorsal view; 94. terminalia, lateral view; 95. lobes of cerci, dorsal view; 96. descendant plate of anterior cercus and hypoproct, posterior view; 97. subepandrial sclerite and bacilliform sclerite, dorsal view; 98. ejaculatory apodeme, phallus and hypandrium, lateral view; 99. hypandrium, ventral view.

FIGURES 123 – 128. Opeatocerata melanderi Câmara & Rafael, 2011, paratype ♂ (123 - 127) and paratype ♀ (128). 123. abdomen from tergite 3 to terminalia, lateral view; 124. terminalia, lateral view; 125. lobes of cerci, dorsal view; 126. ejaculatory apodeme, phallus and hypandrium, lateral view; 127. hypandrium, ventral view; 128. tergites 8 and 10, dorsal view and sternites 8 and 10, ventral view.

FIGURES 170 – 178. Opeatocerata stubbsi Smith, 1989, holotype ♂. 170. habitus, lateral view; 171. wing; 172. tergite 8 and terminalia, lateral view; 173. tergites 4 - 8, dorsal view; 174. terminalia; 175. lobes of cerci, dorsal view; 176. descendant plate of anterior cercus, posterior view; 177. subepandrial sclerite and bacilliform sclerite, dorsal view; 178. ejaculatory apodeme, phallus and hypandrium, lateral view.

FIGURES 185 – 194. Opeatocerata tanimboca sp. nov., holotype ♂. 185. habitus, lateral view; 186. wing; 187. abdomen from tergite 6 to terminalia, lateral view; 188. tergites 1 – 8, dorsal view; 189. terminalia, lateral view; 190. lobes of cerci, dorsal view; 191. descendant plate of anterior cercus and hypoproct, posterior view; 192. subepandrial sclerite and bacilliform sclerite, dorsal view; 193. ejaculatory apodeme, phallus and hypandrium, lateral view; 194. hypandrium, ventral view.

FIGURES 195 – 202. Opeatocerata trilobata Câmara & Rafael, 2011, paratype ♂ (195 – 200) and paratype ♀ (201, 202). 195. tergites 4 – 8, dorsal view; 196, lobes of cerci, dorsal view; 197. terminalia, lateral view; 198. subepandrial sclerite and bacilliform sclerite, dorsal view; 199. ejaculatory apodeme, phallus and hypandrium, lateral view; 200. phallus, dorsal view; 201. tergites 8 and 10, dorsal view and sternites 8 and 10, ventral view; 202. genital fork.

FIGURES 203 – 210. Opeatocerata zuleideae sp. nov., holotype ♂. 203. habitus, lateral view; 204. wing; 205. terminalia, lateral view; 206. lobes of cerci, dorsal view; 207. descendant plate of anterior cercus and hypoproct, posterior view; 208. subepandrial sclerite and bacilliform sclerite, dorsal view; 209. ejaculatory apodeme, phallus and hypandrium, lateral view; 210. hypandrium, ventral view.

FIGURES 8 – 16. Opeatocerata agudeloi sp. nov., holotype ♂. 8. habitus, lateral view; 9. wing; 10. abdomen from tergite 6 to terminalia, lateral view; 11. Terminalia; 12. lobes of cerci, dorsal view; 13. descendant plate of anterior cercus, posterior view; 14. subepandrial sclerite and bacilliform sclerite, dorsal view; 15. ejaculatory apodeme, phallus and hypandrium, lateral view; 16. hypandrium, ventral view.

FIGURES 17 – 25. Opeatocerata ampullaria sp. nov., holotype ♂. 17. habitus, lateral view; 18. wing; 19. abdomen from tergite 6 to terminalia, lateral view; 20. terminalia, lateral view; 21. lobes of cerci, dorsal view; 22. descendant plate of anterior cercus, posterior view; 23. subepandrial and bacilliform sclerites, dorsal view; 24. ejaculatory apodeme, phallus and hypandrium, lateral view; 25. hypandrium, ventral view.

FIGURES 26 – 32. Opeatoceratas bare sp. nov., holotype ♂. 26, habitus, lateral view; 27, wing. 28 - terminalia, lateral view; 29. lobes of cerci, dorsal view; 30 descendant plate of anterior cercus, posterior view; 31, subepandrial sclerite and bacilliform sclerite, dorsal view; 32, ejaculatory apodeme, phallus and hypandrium, lateral view.

FIGURES 33 – 41. Opeatocerata brasiliensis sp. nov., holotype ♂. 33. habitus, lateral view; 34. wing; 25. abdomen from tergite 2 to terminalia; 36. terminalia, lateral view; 37. lobes of cerci, dorsal view; 38. descendant plate of anterior cercus and hypropoct, posterior view; 39. subepandrial sclerite and bacilliform sclerite, dorsal view; 40. ejaculatory apodeme, phallus and hypandrium, lateral view; 41. hypandrium, ventral view.

FIGURES 80 – 89. Opeatocerata cylindrophallus sp. nov., holotype ♂. 80. habitus, lateral view; 81. wing apex; 82. abdomen from tergite 4 to terminalia, lateral view; 83. sternite 8, ventral view; 84. terminalia, lateral view; 85. lobes of cerci, dorsal view; 86. descendant plate of anterior cercus, posterior view; 87. subepandrial sclerite and bacilliform sclerite, dorsal view; 88. ejaculatory apodeme, phallus and hypandrium, lateral view; 89. phallus and hypandrium, ventral view.

FIGURES 114 – 122. Opeatocerata megalophallus sp. nov., holotype ♂. 114. habitus, lateral view; 115. wing; 116. abdomen from tergite 6 to terminalia, lateral view; 117. terminalia, lateral view; 118. lobes of cerci, dorsal view; 119. descendant plate of anterior cercus and hypoproct, posterior view; 120. subepandrial sclerite and bacilliform sclerite, dorsal view; 121. ejaculatory apodeme, phallus and hypandrium, lateral view; 122. hypandrium, ventral view.

FIGURES 138 – 144. Opeatocerata nhamunda sp. nov., holotype ♂. 138. habitus, lateral view; 139. wing; 140. terminalia, lateral view; 141. lobes of cerci, dorsal view; 142. descendant plate of anterior cercus and hypoproct, posterior view; 143. subepandrial sclerite and bacilliform sclerite, dorsal view; 144. ejaculatory apodeme, phallus and hypandrium, lateral view.

FIGURES 100 – 108. Opeatocerata lopesi Smith, 1989, holotype ♂. 100. habitus, lateral view; 101. wing; 102. abdomen and terminalia, lateral view; 103. terminalia, lateral view; 104. lobes of cerci, dorsal view; 105. descendant plate of anterior cercus, posterior view; 106. subepandrial sclerite and bacilliform sclerite, dorsal view; 107. ejaculatory apodeme, phallus and hypandrium, lateral view; 108. phallus, hypandrium, ventral view.

FIGURES 129 – 137. Opeatocerata mourai sp. nov., holotype ♂. 129. habitus, lateral view; 130. wing; 131. abdomen from tergite 4 to terminalia, lateral view; 132. terminalia, lateral view; 133. lobes of cerci, dorsal view; 134. descendant plate of anterior cercus and hypoproct, posterior view; 135. subepandrial sclerite and bacilliform sclerite, dorsal view; 135. ejaculatory apodeme, phallus and hypandrium, lateral view; 137. hypandrium, ventral view.

FIGURES 152 – 160. Opeatocerata smithi sp. nov., holotype ♂. 152. habitus, lateral view; 153. wing; 154. abdomen from tergite 6 to terminalia, lateral view; 155. terminalia, lateral view; 156. lobes of cerci, dorsal view; 157. descendant plate of anterior cercus and hypoproct, posterior view; 158. subepandrial sclerite and bacilliform sclerite, dorsal view; 159. ejaculatory apodeme, phallus and hypandrium, lateral view; 160. hypandrium, ventral view.

FIGURES 161 – 169. Opeatocerata spinipenis sp. nov., holotype ♂. 161. habitus, lateral view; 162. wing; 163. terminalia, lateral view; 164. lobes of cerci, dorsal view; 165. descendant plate of anterior cercus and hypoproct, posterior view; 166. subepandrial sclerite and bacilliform sclerite, dorsal view; 167. ejaculatory apodeme, phallus and hypandrium, lateral view; 168. phallus and hypandrium, ventral view; 169. hypandrium, ventral view.

FIGURES 74 – 79. Opeatocerata curvipenis sp. nov., paratype ♀. 74. habitus, lateral view; 75. wing; 76. abdomen from tergite 4 to terminalia, lateral view; 77. abdomen from tergite 4 to terminalia, dorsal view; 78. terminalia, tergites 8 and 10, dorsal view; sternites 8, 10 and genital fork, ventral view; 79. genital fork.

FIGURES 42 – 46. Opeatocerata brasiliensis sp. nov., paratype ♀. 42. habitus, lateral view; 43. wing; 44. tergite 8, dorsal view; sternite 8 and genital fork, ventral view; 45. tergite 10, dorsal view; sternite 10, ventral view; 46. abdomen from tergite 5 to terminalia, dorsal view.