Bachmarima valida, Constant & Pham, 2025

Constant, Jérôme & Pham, Hong Thai, 2025, Issid planthoppers from Bach Ma and Phong Dien in Central Vietnam. (III) Tribe Sarimini (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 1025, pp. 1-109 : 23-28

Bachmarima valida gen. et sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:

Figs 10–12

Diagnosis

Bachmarima valida gen. et sp. nov. can be recognized by (1) the short, robust lateroventral processes of the aedeagus, reaching to distal ⅓ of the aedeagus sensu stricto ( lvp – Figs 11E–L, 12D–F); (2) the dorsal lobe of the periandrium strongly expanded into a lamina lateroventrally and with lateral margins moderately rounded in basal portion in dorsal view ( dl – Figs 11E–L, 12A).

Differential diagnosis

The new species is close to Bachmarima expansa gen. et sp. nov. but the latter shows much longer lateroventral processes of the aedeagus ( lvp – Fig. 4D–F), reaching midlength of the aedeagus sensu stricto (reaching only to distal ⅓ of aedeagus in B. valida : lvp – Fig. 12D–F).

Etymology

The species epithet ‘ valida ’ is a Latin adjective meaning ‘robust’; it refers to the short and robust lateroventral process of the aedeagus in this species.

Type material

Holotype

VIETNAM • ♂; Th ừa Thiên-Huế Province, Bach Ma National Park; 16°13′38″ N, 107°51′20″ E; 500– 600 m a.s.l.; 10–20 May 2023; J. Constant and L. Semeraro leg.; pheasant trail; VNMN.

Paratypes

VIETNAM – Quang Tri Province • 1 ♂; Da Krong Nature Reserve ; 16°37′ N, 106°47′E; 5–10 Jul. 2011; J. Constant and J. Bresseel leg.; I.G.: 31.933; RBINS. – Th ừa Thiên-Huế Province • 1 ♂; same data as for holotype; VNMN • 3 ♂♂; same data as for holotype; I.G.: 34.640; RBINS • 1 ♂; Bach Ma National Park ; 16°12′ N, 107°52′ E; [ 1400 m a.s.l.]; 15–16 Jul. 2011; J. Constant and J. Bresseel leg.; summit; day [time] collecting; I.G.: 31.933; RBINS • 1 ♂; Bach Ma National Park, stairs going up to Hai Vong Dai ; 16°11′53.77″ N, 107°51′26.92″ E; 1272 m a.s.l.; May 2023; T. T. H. Nguyen leg.; by net; AU 00483; VNMN • 1 ♂; same data as preceding; 16 Sept. 2024; AU00778; VNMN • 1 ♂; Bach Ma National Park , near ranger station; 16°08′37″ N, 107°49′36″ E; 300–600 m a.s.l.; 18 May 2023; J. Constant and L. Semeraro leg.; I.G.: 34.640; RBINS • 1 ♂; Nam Dong District, Bach Ma National Park , ranger station; 16°08′37″ N, 107°49′36″ E; 150–500 m; 19 Oct. 2024; J. Constant, L. Semeraro and T. T. H. Nguyen leg.; VNMN • 1 ♂; Bach Ma National Park, Yes Hue Eco ; 16°13′05″ N, 107°43′27″ E; 152 m a.s.l.; 1 Jun. 2023; T. T. H. Nguyen leg.; VNMN • 1 ♂; Phong Dien District ; 16°30′27″ N, 107°16′05″ E; 350–400 m a.s.l.; 23 May 2023; J. Constant and L. Semeraro leg.; VNMN .

Description

MEASUREMENTS AND RATIOS. LT: ♂ (n = 10): 5.6 mm (5.3–5.8); LT/BB = 1.88; LTg/BTg = 2.20; LW/BW = 1.18; BV/LV = 2.23; LF/BF = 0.86.

HEAD ( Fig. 10A–E). Vertex brown, often paler on sides and obsolete median carina yellowish brown; 2.2 × as broad as long in midline, slightly constricted in middle; disc weakly concave; anterior margin slightly, angularly projecting anteriad; posterior margin rather deeply concave; all margins moderately carinate. Frons brown, weakly convex, smooth with generally well-developed, strongly curved yellow marking on each side of complete median carina, often more or less merging together on carina, and weak peridiscal carina marked with paler colour (mostly in dorsal portion of frons); yellow marking along fronto-clypeal suture generally well developed, wider in middle. Genae yellowish brown with anteroventral angle slightly projecting anteriad. Clypeus triangular, convex, smooth, not keeled or carinate; anteclypeus brown with sides yellowish; postclypeus blackish brown. Labium brown with last segment longer than broad, shorter than penultimate. Antennae with scape short, ring-shaped, yellowish, and pedicel bulbous, yellowish with basal ⅓ brown.

THORAX ( Fig. 10A, C–E). Pronotum brown (generally darker than vertex) with weak paler, yellowish median line, more visible in anterior portion; subtriangular, projecting anteriorly; smooth with anterior margin carinate, some small tubercles, and pair of impressed points on each side of midline; lateral fields very narrow behind eyes; paranotal lobes brown, pale yellowish under eye and with strong black marking along ventral margin; posteroventral angle rounded. Mesonotum brown, often with carinae marked with paler colour, smooth, weakly convex with shallow depression before scutellum sometimes containing obsolete median carina; sublateral (peridiscal) carinae incomplete but rather distinct. Tegulae yellowish brown.

TEGMINA ( Fig. 10A–D). Brown with main veins slightly darker, elevated, and cross-veins weakly raised and usually paler than background; often with zigzaged marking of white wax more or less following claval joint with posterior branch reaching MP vein, and transverse marking subapically; distinctly convex, and about 2.2 × as long as wide, with distinct lateral hump including vein ScP+RA slightly before basal ⅓; rather narrow but distinct, yellowish epipleuron; clavus closed, reaching 4 /5 of tegmen length. Venation as in genus description.

HIND WINGS ( Fig. 10F). Blackish brown; veins darker than background, generally black; well developed, with three distinct lobes ( Sarimini type) more or less equal in width; indentation between ScP-R-MP-Cu and Pcu-A1 lobes moderately deep. Venation as in genus description.

LEGS ( Fig. 10A–E). Yellowish brown, paler than tegmina; distal portion of metafemora and basal portion of metatibiae darkened; all spines of posterior legs black apically. Anterior and median legs slightly flattened dorsoventrally, tibiae more slender than corresponding femora; posteroventral margin of pro- and mesofemora with row of minute teeth in distal portion; pro- and mesotarsi rather elongate. Metatibiae with two lateral spines in distal half, and seven apical spines. Metatarsi rather short with first segment about as long as combined length of remaining segments. First metatarsomere with two latero-apical and 7 intermediate spines arranged in arc. Metatibiotarsal formula: (2) 7/ 9/ 2.

ABDOMEN ( Fig. 10B). Brown with median area darker.

MALE TERMINALIA ( Figs 11–12). Pygofer ( Py – Fig. 11A–D) short, about 2.5 × as high as long at midheight in lateral view, with posterior margin broadly rounded in lateral view; in caudal view suboval, 1.3 × as high as wide; dorsally abruptly, deeply notched. Gonostyli ( G – Fig. 11A–D) massive, moderately convex, with anterodorsal margin distinctly rounded, then abruptly sinuate at base of capitulum; ventral margin rounded; posterior margin roundly projecting caudad in lateral view and sinuate towards base of capitulum; capitulum ( ca – Fig. 11A–B, D) elongate, digitiform, strongly projecting dorsad and with poorly distinct neck, curved anterodorsad and evenly tapering towards apex in lateral view, in caudal view slightly directed mesad and with basilateral laminate process directed lateroventrad. Anal tube ( An – Fig. 11A–D) elongate, dorsoventrally flattened, and sublanceolate, weakly grooved medially beyond anal opening (in basal ¼), rather narrow, about 2.7 × as long as wide in dorsal view; in lateral view abruptly narrowing at anal opening, then weakly downcurved. Aedeagus ( ae – Figs 11E–L, 12) symmetrical, curved posterodorsad in lateral view. Ventral lobe of periandrium ( vl – Figs 11G–L, 12A–C) laminate, spatulate with apical margin rounded with weak middle indentation, shorter and much narrower than dorsal lobe. Dorsal lobe of periandrium ( dl – Figs 11E–L, 12A–C, G) strongly expanded into lamina lateroventrally, with sides rounded in dorsal view in proximal portion, then sinuately, strongly tapering towards truncate apex, lamina never covering distal portion of lateroventral processes of aedeagus; laterodorsal processes of periandrium ( ldp – Figs 11F, 12A–C, G) pointed and curved towards the posterior and with lateral tooth. Aedeagus (sensu stricto, ae – Figs 11E–L, 12D–F) surpassing dorsal and ventral lobes of periandrium, bifid, each shaft widening distally to obliquely truncate apex; short and robust lateroventral processes ( lvp – Figs 11E–L, 12D–F) arising subapically, weakly curved ventrocephalad and (in caudal view) slightly sinuate, reaching to about distal third of aedeagus. Connective ( co – Fig. 3G) well developed, corpus connective long, regularly curved in lateral view, tectiductus ( te – Fig. 3G) well developed, conical with anteroventral apodemes and wide anterior foramen.

Biology

Bachmarima valida gen. et sp. nov. was collected in the months of May, June, July, September and October at altitudes between 150 and 1400 m a.s.l., in moist evergreen tropical forest. The specimens were sitting on small branches and leaves, on lower vegetation, bushes and trees. In Bach Ma National Park, it was found at the following collecting site/habitats ( Constant & Pham 2025a: fig. 2a): “Yes Hue Eco” ( Constant & Pham 2025a: fig. 2a(1), b), “pheasant trail” ( Constant & Pham 2025a: figs 2a(2), 3a), “summit ( Constant & Pham 2025a: figs 2a(5), 4b) and “ranger station” ( Constant & Pham 2025a: figs 2a(6), 5a).

Distribution

Vietnam: Thừa Thiên-Huế Province, Bach Ma National Park and Phong Dien District, and Quang Tri Province, Da Krong Nature Reserve ( Fig. 12H).