Cypretta tenuicauda ( Vávra, 1895 ), G. W. Muller, 1898

Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Higuti, Janet & Martens, Koen, 2023, Redescription of the type species of the genus Cypretta (Ostracoda, Crustacea) with notes on the taxonomy of the genus, Zootaxa 5231 (1), pp. 79-92 : 81-84

Cypretta tenuicauda ( Vávra, 1895)

( Figs 2–6 )

1895 Cypridopsis (Cypretta) tenuicauda Vávra : p. 7, fig 2 (1–3) ( Zanzibar).

1936 Cypretta tenuicauda Vávra , in: Lowndes, p. 28 (Lake George, Uganda).

1937 non Cypretta tenuicauda Vávra ,fide: Tressler, p. 203 (Bali, Indonesia)

Type locality. Pool near a leak in a water supply pipeline of the city of Zanzibar, United Republic of Tanzania ( Fig. 1 ). Collection made on 16 June 1888 by Dr Stuhlmann.

Approximate coordinates: - 6.16394S, 39.19793E. (from https://www.geodatos.net/en/coordinates/tanzania/ zanzibar-)

Type Material. Lectotype (here designated): 1 ♀, with soft parts dissected in glycerine in a sealed slide and with valves stored dry in a micropaleontological slide ( ZMH K-62047).

Paralectotypes: 2 ♀ with soft parts dissected as the lectotype ( ZMH K-62048 and ZMH K-62049) , 3 ♀ carapaces

Description of female

LVi ( Figs 2A, C ) with calcified inner lamella wide along anterior margin, and narrow along ventral, and posterior margins; weak il running along full anterior and half of ventral margins; posteriorly with a strongly inwardly displaced sl, the latter smooth ( Fig. 2C ); with ca. 15 septa along anterior margin and weakly developed ones along postero-ventral margin ( Fig. 3A ).

RVi ( Figs 2B, D ) with calcified inner lamella wide along anterior margin and narrow along ventral and posterior margins; strong il forming a Strandesia- like groove along anterior, ventral, and posterior margins, this il crenulated in posteroventral part; with ca. 15 septa along the anterior margin ( Fig. 3B ).

Cms ( Fig. 2E ) forming a simplified paw-print pattern, consisting of an anterior pair of small scars, posteriorly with a row of three small scars, below with two relatively small mandibular scars.

CpLl ( Fig. 2F ) with a subtriangular shape, L/H ratio ca. 1.4, with rounded dorsal margin, greatest height situated in the middle; RV overlapping LV along antero-dorsal, anterior, posteroventral and posterior margins.

CpV and CpD ( Figs 2G, H ) with oval shape, posterior margin broadly rounded, anterior margin pointed; RV overlapping LV mostly anteriorly, but also ventrally (with large expansion in the central part) and posteriorly; greatest width situated slightly behind the middle; large outer lists on both valves.

A1 ( Fig. 4A ) composed of seven segments. First segment with two large ventral and one dorsal seta of medium length, the latter ca. 1/3 the length of ventral setae; WO not seen. Second segment with one short dorsal seta (ca. 3/4 the length of the third segment) and a small lateral RO. Third segment with one short ventro-apical seta and one short dorsal seta, almost reaching end of fifth segment. Fourth segment with one short ventral seta (almost reaching end of the sixth segment) and two long dorsal setae. Fifth segment with one short ventral seta and two long dorsal setae. Sixth segment with four long apical setae. Terminal segment with long aesthetasc y a, one short seta, halflength of y a, two long seta (one slightly longer than y a).

A2 ( Figs. 4B, C ) composed of six segments: two-segmented protopodite, one-segmented exopodite and three endopodal segments. Protopodite carrying three short and one medium-sized ventral setae, the latter ca. 3 times the length of the short ones. Exopodite consisting of a small plate with two unequally short setae and one seta of medium length. First endopodal segment with ventral aesthetasc Y, ca. half the length of the segment, five long hirsute natatory setae reaching the tips of end claws and one accompanying seta of medium length almost reaching the tip of second endopodal segment. Second endopodal segment with a group of four ventral t setae (t 1 -t 4) of unequal length (one short, three of medium length), two medio-dorsal setae of unequal, medium length, three medium-sized z setae (z 1 - z 3); and three claws (G 1 - G 3, G 2 the longest, G 1 the shortest). Terminal segment ( Fig. 4C ) with claw G M of medium length and claw G m short, both weakly serrated; accompanying seta of aesthetasc y 3 slightly longer than aesthetasc, and g seta reaching halfway of y3 accompanying seta.

MdCox ( Fig. 4D ) rather slender, with ca. seven apical teeth intercalated with setae; one short sub-apical hirsute seta on the dorsal margin, not reaching the base of the teeth.

MdPalp ( Figs. 5A, B ) four segmented. First segment ventrally with plumose setae S 1 and S 2, one long smooth seta and α seta of medium length (ca. half the length of the long smooth seta). Second segment ventrally with stout and hirsute β seta of medium length and three apical smooth setae of medium length; dorsally with a group of three subequal setae (one long, one of medium length and one short and hirsute). Third segment dorsally with a group of four setae of medium length; apically with three setae of medium length, two short setae and short hirsute seta γ. Last segment ( Fig. 5B ) with three claws and three setae.

Mx1 ( Fig. 5C ) composed of two-segmented palp, three endites and large respiratory plate (the latter not illustrated). Basal segment of palp with a group of four short subapical setae and one (sub-) apical seta of medium length, one lateral seta of medium length and one isolated subapical seta. Terminal segment elongated (L ca. twice W), apically with three claws and two setae. Third endite with two large bristles strongly serrated; and one mediolateral seta (ca. slightly shorter than the endite). First endite with two distally hirsute sideways directed bristles of medium length.

T1 ( Fig. 5D ) composed of an exopodite (not illustrated), endopodite and protopodite. Endopodite ( Fig. 5E ) a palp with a conical shape, apically with three unequally long hirsute setae. Protopodite with two equally short a setae and 10 apical and three subapical, unequally short, setae; short seta d present; seta b missing.

T2 ( Fig. 5F ) composed of five segments. First segment with short and hirsute seta d 1. Second segment with equally short hirsute seta d 2. Third segment with apical; hirsute and seta e of medium length, reaching beyond the middle of fourth segment. Fourth segment medially with hirsute and unusually long seta f, reaching halfway end claw h 2, apically with small g seta, reaching the end of terminal segment. Terminal segment apically with short ventral seta h 1, long but slender and strongly curved claw h 2, and short dorsal seta h 3, ca. ¼ the length of seta h 1.

T3 ( Figs. 6A, B ) composed of four segments. First segment elongated, with hirsute seta d 1 of medium length and two slightly longer and hirsute setae d 2 and d p, the latter the longest. Second segment elongated, with short hirsute, apical e seta reaching halfway third segment.Third segment with short f seta, ca. 1/4the length of the segment.Terminal segment ( Fig.6B ) with pincer-like shape, with short seta h 1,slightly longer seta h 2, and short and hirsute reflexed seta h 3.

CR ( Fig. 6C ) composed of short and weakly sclerified ramus, long apical claw G a, shorter subapical claw G p, both slender and seta-like, and short subapical hirsute seta S p. Seta S a fully absent. CR-attachment ( Fig. 6D ) reduced to a short and curved rod.

Male unknown.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Locality where Cypretta tenuicauda (Vávra, 1895) was first recorded. Red circle indicates the island of Zanzibar, in the United Republic of Tanzania.

FIGURE 2. Carapace and valves of Cypretta tenuicauda (Vávra, 1895) from Zanzibar. A. LVi (ZMH K-62049). B. RVi (ZMH K-62049). C. LVi, detail of posteroventral margin, showing the sockets of denticules (ZMH K-62049). D. RVi, detail of posteroventral margin, showing denticulated inner list (marked by white arrow) (ZMH K-62047). E. detail showing the adductor muscles scars (ZMH K-62049). F. CpLl (ZMH K-62050). G. CpV (ZMH K-62050). H. CpD (ZMH K-62050). Scale bars:A–B; F–H = 500 µm; C–E = 200 µm. A, B, F–H, arrows indicate anterior direction.

FIGURE 3. Valves, inner views of Cypretta tenuicauda (Vávra, 1895) from Zanzibar, showing the septa. A. LVi (ZMH K- 62048). B. RVi (ZMH K-62048). Scale bars: 200 µm.

FIGURE 4. Appendages of Cypretta tenuicauda (Vávra, 1895) from Zanzibar. A. A1 (ZMH K-62047). B. A2 (ZMH K-62047). C. A2 terminal segment (ZMH K-62047). D. MdCox (ZMH K-62047). Scale bars: A–D = 50 µm.

FIGURE 5. Appendages of Cypretta tenuicauda (Vávra, 1895) from Zanzibar. A. MdPalp (ZMH K-62049). B. MdPalp last segment (ZMH K-62049). C. Mx1 (ZMH K-62048). D. T1 (ZMH K-62048). E. T1 endopodite (ZMH K-62048). F. T2 (ZMH K-62049). Scale bars: 50 µm.

FIGURE 6. Appendages of Cypretta tenuicauda (Vávra, 1895) from Zanzibar. A. T3 (ZMH K-62047). B. T3 pincer (ZMH K- 62047). C. CR (ZMH K-62049). D. CR attachment (ZMH K-62047). Scale bars: 50 µm.