Viola boliviana Britton (1889: 18)

Nicola, Marcela Viviana, Salomón, Luciana & Zuloaga, Fernando Omar, 2018, Nomenclatural and taxonomic study in species of Viola (Violaceae) from Argentina, Phytotaxa 338 (2), pp. 151-176 : 153-154

Viola boliviana Britton (1889: 18)

Type (lectotype, designated here):— BOLIVIA. [La Paz:] Mapiri , 5000 ft, May 1886, H.H. Rusby 843 (NY 97618 [digital image!]; isolectotypes, BM 000513340 [digital image!], GH 00067168 [digital image!], K 000370252 [digital image!], NDG 32610 [digital image!], NY 97619 [digital image!], PH 00029052 [digital image!], US 00114545 [digital image!]).

Protologue citation:—“Mapiri, 5000 ft. (843)”

Distribution:— Native of Bolivia and Perú. This species was excluded from the Flora of Argentina (see note below).

Notes:—In the cited publication, Nathaniel Lord Britton enumerated the plants collected by Henry Hurd Rusby in South America between 1885 and 1886. A set of these collections was deposited at MICH, but 6000 specimens went to NY ( Stafleu & Cowan 1983). Furthermore, Britton worked in NY ( Stafleu & Cowan 1976). We found two specimens of the collection H.H. Rusby 843 at NY and selected the specimen with the barcode number NY 97618 as lectotype because it fully agrees with the protologue.

This species was erroneously cited in the checklist of the Southern Cone ( Sanso et al. 2008) for Jujuy province, Argentina, under Viola bangiana W. Becker using as reference material one specimen collected by M. Medinaceli without collection number on February 1946 (BAF!). This specimen is in fact Viola flavicans Weddell (1864: 292) .

= Viola bangiana W. Becker (1907: 89) .

Type (lectotype, designated here):— PERU. [Puno:] San Gaban , in humidis, July 1854, W. Lechler 2241 (G 00343428 [digital image!]; isolectotypes, G 00343429 [digital image!], K 000370255 [digital image!], P 00426150 [digital image!], P 00426151 [digital image!], W [missing]) .

Protologue citation:—“Exsicc.: Lechler, Pl. peruv. 2241.—Bang, Pl. boliv. (1891) 882. - Gay, Pl. peruv. (1839–40) 1785. Blütezeit: Juli. Verbreitung: Bolivia, Peruvia. Standorte: Cochabamba, Boliv. (K, P, B); San Povan, Peru, leg. W. Lechler (W, DC). Die geographische Lage des letzten Standortes vermochte ich nicht festzustellen.”

Notes:—According to the protologue, the description of Viola bangiana was based on material collected by Wilibald Lechler (collection number 2241), Miguel Bang (collection number 882), and Claude Gay (collection number 1785). Wilhelm Becker cited in parentheses two locations and the herbaria where the material was deposited. One set was from Cochabamba, Bolivia deposited at K, P, and B, and the other was from San Povan, Peru deposited at W and DC (the herbarium of De Candolle has been incorporated into G [http://www.ville-ge.ch/cjb/herbier_phanero02_ en.php]), but he was unable to determine the geographic position of the last location. We could not find the material of Gay, and Lechler is the only one of the three collectors whom Becker cited again, detailing the locality where the collection was made and the herbarium in which it was deposited. Lechler probably misspelt the name of the locality on the label of the specimen, and meant San Gaban, a jungle district in southeastern Peru. Consequently, we selected the specimen with the barcode number G 00343428 collected by Lechler as lectotype because it is a complete specimen of the DC collection, is located at one of the main herbaria where he deposited much of his original material, fully agrees with the protologue, and possesses a label indicating the location and date “S. Povan in humidis July 1854 ” and a first identification as “ Viola dombeyana DC. ” handwritten by Lechler. Another label was added later in 1942 by R. Weibel, a specialist in Viola , with the identification “ Viola bangiana W. Becker ” and the data of its original publication “in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. XXII, 2, 94 (1907). The following specimens are isosyntypes cited in the protologue: BOLIVIA. Sine loco, September 1897, M. Bang 882 (K 000370270 [digital image!]); Bolivian Plateau, 1891, M. Bang 882 (BM 000810713 [digital image!], E 00326825 [digital image!], G 00343427 [digital image!], M 0112888 [digital image!]); Vicinity of Cochabamba, 1891, M. Bang 882 (CORD 00003344 [digital image!], G 00343426 [digital image!], GH 00067165 [digital image!], K 000370256 [digital image!], MO 279853 [digital image!], NDG 33056 [digital image!], PUL 00000355 [digital image!], US 00114541 [digital image!]); Yungas, 1890, M. Bang 704 (BM 000513316 [digital image!]).

= Viola huanucoensis W. Becker (1922b: 186) , new name for ≡ Viola truncata W. Becker (1907: 94) , nom. illeg. non Meyen (1834: 314).

Type:— PERU. Huánuco: Huamalies , cerros al sudoeste de Monzón, 2400–2500 m, A. Weberbauer 3715 (holotype, B [destroyed]; lectotype, designated here MOL 00002771 [digital image!]). ( Fig. 1 )

Protologue citation:—“Exsicc.: Weberbauer, Fl. V. Peru 3715. Verbreitung: Peruvia centralis. Berge südwestlich von Monzon (Dep. Huánuco, Prov. Huamalies), zwischen Hartlaubgehölz, 2400–2500 m., leg. Dr. A. Weberbauer, 20.X.1903 (B).”

Notes:—According to the protologue, the type specimen of Viola truncata W. Becker was collected by Augusto Weberbauer and deposited at B, but has been destroyed during World War II (Robert Vogt pers. comm.; Hiepko 1987). We selected the specimen with the barcode number MOL 00002771 as the lectotype of the species as it agrees with the protologue, it is a complete specimen, and it provides two labels with the same information indicating the location and identification.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Viola huanucoensis W. Becker, new name for Viola truncata W. Becker, nom. illeg. non Meyen (synonym of V. boliviana Britton), digital image of the lectotype A. Weberbauer 3715 (MOL 00002771).