Trogina (FOERSTER)

A. M, 2009, Illustrated key to the tribes of subfamilia Ichneumoninae and genera of the tribe Platylabini of world fauna (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae), Linzer biologische Beiträge 41 (2), pp. 1317-1608 : 1400-1401

Subtribe Trogina (FOERSTER)

Trogoidae FOERSTER 1868 - Verh. Natur. Preuss. Rhein. West. 25: 143.

Trogina HEINRICH 1962 - Can. Ent., Suppl. 29: 844.

Trogina : HEINRICH 1968 - Ichn. Stenop. of Africa 1: 230.

Trogina : HEINRICH 1977 - Ichn. Florida and Neigb. States 9: 294.

Type genus: Trogus PANZER.

D i s t r i b u t i o n: Holarctic (restricted number of species), Oriental and Neotropical (greatest number of species) Regions.

I n t r o d u c t i o n:

The representatives of subtribe are characterized by unusual morphology of front tergites of abdomen, which extremely strongly sclerotized and with very rough sculpture, expressed surfaces in form of convexities, concavities, ridges and lateral slopes. Front tergites are trapeziform in cross-section. In contrast to Callajoppina , temples behind eyes do not swollen, propodeum more shortened and area superomedia of propodeum is vastly reduced, approximating by form to transverse carina.

M o r p h o l o g y:

F l a g e l l u m: Of females bristle-shaped, moderately long, at type genus not flattened ventrally and not widened beyond middle, at some genera flattened and widened, apically from moderately to strongly attenuated and pointed, without white annulus. Flagellum of males bristle-shaped with pronounced transversal ridges on external side of segments, sometimes sharply nodose, without tyloides; segments (particularly basal) not cylindrical, strongly overlapping.

H e a d: Temples and genae from moderately to sharply narrowed, genae never swollen; frons sometimes with two longitudinal carinae or horn-shaped projections; clypeus at apex concave or straight, mandibles with two teeth.

T h o r a x: Notauli usually absent; scutellum sharply conical (pyramidal), sharply pointed to apex, laterally not carinated. Propodeum triangle from lateral and shortened in extreme form, area posteromedia almost reach upper point of propodeum, area superomedia replaced by smooth, transverse, curved or triangle carina, propodeum sloping very abruptly forward and backwards to apex of propodeum; lateral carinae of basal area absent even in form of trace; coxal carina practically absent, other carinae of propodeum moderately high.

L e g s: From moderately to rather slender, at one Neotropical genus extremely long ( HEINRICH 1962); hind coxae of females always without scopa, claws smooth.

W i n g s: Areolet of front wings as of Callajoppina , irregularly quadrangular and often petiolate; wings usually with dark pattern, often uniformly deeply darkened.

A b d o m e n: Of females amblypygous or oxypygous ( Macrojoppa KRIECHBAUMER ), from above broadly-oval; tergites (except one, two or three apical) always extremely sclerotized, with extremely rough sculpture and with tendency to form plastic features in a form of prominences, cavities, ribs and lateral bevels (trapeziform in cross-section).

C o l o r a t i o n: Black (sometimes bluish-black) or rusty-red, or both color in combination; some oriental and Neotropical species with white pattern.

B i o l o g y:

Females of species of Temperate Zone do not hibernate. Most species are specialized parasites of Rhopalocera, especially of species of genus Papilio, or sometimes Nymphalidae .