Ichneumonina HEINRICH

A. M, 2009, Illustrated key to the tribes of subfamilia Ichneumoninae and genera of the tribe Platylabini of world fauna (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae), Linzer biologische Beiträge 41 (2), pp. 1317-1608 : 1375-1376

Subtribe Ichneumonina HEINRICH

Ichneumonina HEINRICH 1967 - Ichn. Stenop. of Africa 1: 26, 3, 486-488.

Type genus: Ichneumon LINNAEUS.

Ichneumonina : HEINRICH 1977 - Ichn. Florida and Neigb. States 9: 57.

Ichneumonina : RASNITSYN 1981 - Opr. Faun. SSSR 3 (3): 624.

D i s t r i b u t i o n:World-wide.

I n t r o d u c t i o n:

Decisive characters of this subtribe are distinct gastrocoeli and thyridia, in combination with comparatively rough, striated, usually regularly striated, or rarely punctured sculpture of postpetiolus and of front tergites of abdomen. Additional characters are oxypygous abdomen of females of overwhelming number of species, pentagonal, but narrowed in front areolet, normal structure of head and mandibles with not convex clypeus and 4th sternite almost always with longitudinal fold. Basal area of propodeum is almost always without tooth.

M o r p h o l o g y:

F l a g e l l u m: Of females bristle-shaped or filiform, flattened ventrally and often widened beyond middle. Flagellum of males usually bristle-shaped with tyloides.

H e a d: Genae and temples usually moderately narrowed behind eyes, sometimes more or less swollen; clypeus usually normal with truncated apical margin, flat, sometimes medio-apically impressed and with small apical tubercle; mandibles normal, usually moderately wide, subapical teeth shorter than apical, sometimes rudimentary, always in the same plane with apical.

T h o r a x: Mesonotum usually from flat to moderately convex and rarely considerably longer than width; scutellum usually not elevated or only moderately elevated, rarely strongly elevated above postscutellum, with or without lateral carinae; carinae of propodeum, often slight, costulae absent, sometimes with complete set of carinae; areae dentiparae rarely with moderate apophysises.

L e g s: Strong to moderately long; claws smooth, rarely at some genera pectinate (for example Ctenochares FOERSTER ); hind coxae of females often with scopa.

W i n g s: Areolet, as a rule, pentagonal, with veins at base from slightly to strongly converge anteriad, rarely coalescent.

A b d o m e n Of females oxypygous, rarely semiamblypygous or even amblypygous (then gastrocoeli deep and thyridia sharply expressed); front tergites with rather rough sculpture, middle part of postpetiolus and of second tergite often regularly striated or densely longitudinally wrinkly-punctured; gastrocoeli distinctly, more or less deeply impressed, always with distinct thyridia. Hypopygium of males sometimes broadly rounded, often triangle, but never elongated and not form long, sharpened projection; sternites of abdomen without strong sclerotization.

S i z e: From very small to very big.

B i o l o g y:

Parasites of different Macrolepidoptera.