Gimnomera Rondani, 1866

Ozerov, A. L., 2019, A review of the genus Gimnomera Rondani, 1866 (Diptera: Scathophagidae) of Russia, Russian Entomological Journal 28 (2), pp. 195-218 : 197

Gimnomera Rondani, 1866

Gimnomera Rondani, 1866: 21 (1867: 135). Gender: feminine. Type-species: Cordylura tarsea Fallén, 1819 , by original designation.

Kochlearium Strobl, 1894: 79. Nomen nudum.

Cochliarium Becker, 1894: 183 . Gender: neuter. Type-species: Cordylura cuneiventris Zetterstedt, 1846 , by original designation.

Dasypleuron Malloch, 1919: 79 . Gender: neuter. Type-species: Dasypleuron tibialis Malloch, 1919 , by original designation.

Paragymnomera Hendel, 1930: 80 [as subgenus of Gymnomera ]. Gender: feminine. Type-species: Gymnomera hirta Hendel, 1930 , by original designation.

Rhopochilus Enderlein, 1936: 136 . Gender: masculine. Type-species: Cochliarum lasiostoma Becker, 1894 , by monotypy.

Langechristia Ozerov, 1999b: 510 . Gender: feminine. Type-species: Langechristia ziegleri Ozerov, 1999 , by original designation — syn.n.

Gymnomera , error

Gimnomera species are small or medium-sized flies (2.4–5.8 mm long) ( Fig. 1). Colour varies from yellow to black.

Head. Postcranium covered with black setae in upper third and pale hairs in lower part. 2–3 orbitals, 2–4 frontals, 1 ocellar, 1 postocellar (small or very small, divergent), 1 inner vertical, 1 outer vertical; usually 1– 2 pairs of vibrissae present. Postpedicel rounded apically, approximately 1.5–2 times as long as wide. Arista very short haired on whole length. Palpus filiform, without long apical seta.

Thorax. Anterior margin of postpronotum with or without short erect spinules ( Figs 2, 3 ). Dorsocentrals (0–2)+(1–3), intra-alars (0–1)+(0–1), supra-alars (0– 1)+(1–2), postpronotals 0–2, notopleurals 1–2, postalars 1–2. Proepisternum with hairs in anterior or central part, with 1 seta near lower margin. Proepimeron with 0–1 seta or setula and usually with several hairs. Anepisternum covered with hairs in posterior part, with 1–3 setae near posterior margin. Katepisternum covered with hairs in posterior half and 1 strong seta in upper posterior corner. Anepimeron bare or with several hairs. Postmetacoxal bridge absent. Scutellum with a pair of apical scutellar setae present and a pair of lateral/basal scutellar setae present or absent.

Legs. Fore femur with 2–6 posterodorsal setae. Fore tibia with 0–2 dorsal/anterodorsal setae, 0–1 posterodorsal and 0–2 posterior setae at middle, 0–1 preapical dorsal, 0–1 apical anteroventral, 0–1 apical posteroventral, 0–1 apical anterodorsal, 0–1 apical ventral and 0–1 apical posterior setae. Mid femur with or without rows of anterior and posteroventral setae, with 0–1 anterior, 0–1 preapical posterior and 0–1 preapical posterodorsal setae, in G. ziegleri (Ozerov, 1999) without striking setae. Mid tibia with 0–2 anterodorsal, 0–1 posterodorsal, 0–1 posterior, 1 preapical dorsal setae and a ring of apicals. Hind femur with 0–5 anterodorsal, 0–4 anteroventral, 0–2 preapical anteroventral, 0– 1 preapical posterior, 0–1 preapical posterodorsal, 0–1 preapical anterior setae. Hind femur of G. ziegleri and G. nudipedis , sp.n. (see below) without striking setae. Hind tibia with 1–2 anterodorsal, 0–3 posterodorsal, 0–1 anteroventral, 1 preapical dorsal setae, also with 1 apical anteroventral and 0–1 anterodorsal setae.

Wing ( Fig. 5 ) clear or slightly brownish; veins brownish. View R 1 setulose on apical half of dorsal surface ( Fig. 4 ) or bare. Calypters, margins of calypters, and halteres whitish to blackish.

Abdomen cylindrical. Male sternite 4 rectangular or circular, sternite 5 usually with median lobes ( Figs 8, 10–23 ), in G. albipila without median lobes, but with long triangular lateral lobes ( Fig. 9 ). Male terminalia ( Figs 24–71 ): epandrium with symmetrical surstyli, incompletely fused to epandrium; surstyli often broaded apically; cerci fused apically or medially forming cercal plate, which different in shape: simple (oval or triangulate), bilobed or trident.

Female ovipositor short, compressed laterally, with proctiger shifted dorsally ( Figs 6, 7 ).

Figures

Figs. 2–5. Gimnomera hirta (Hendel) (2, 4, 5) and Gimnomera ziegleri (Ozerov) (3): 2, 3 — anterior part of scutum, dorsally; 4 — fragment of wing; 5 — wing. Рис. 2–5. Gimnomera hirta (Hendel) (2, 4, 5) и Gimnomera ziegleri (Ozerov) (3): 2, 3 — переднЯЯ часть среднеспинки, сверху; 4 — фрагмент крыла; 5 — крыло.

Figs 8–13. Male sternites 4 (lower) and 5 (upper) of Gimnomera: 8 — G. alanica (Ozerov); 9 — G. albipila (Zetterstedt); 10 — G. castanipes (Becker); 11 — G. cuneiventis (Zetterstedt); 12 — G. dorsata (Zetterstedt); 13 — G. hirta (Hendel). Рис. 8–13. Стерниты 4 (вниЗу) и 5 (вверху) самца Gimnomera: 8 — G. alanica (Ozerov); 9 — G. albipila (Zetterstedt); 10 — G. castanipes (Becker); 11 — G. cuneiventis (Zetterstedt); 12 — G. dorsata (Zetterstedt); 13 — G. hirta (Hendel).

Figs 14–19. Male sternites 4 (lower) and 5 (upper) of Gimnomera: 14 — G. lasiostoma (Becker); 15 — G. mellina (Becker); 16 — G. montana Ozerov et Krivosheina; 17 — G. nigricorpus sp.n.; 18 — G. novgorodovae (Ozerov); 19 — G. nudipedis sp.n. Рис. 14–19. Стерниты 4 (вниЗу) и 5 (вверху) самцов Gimnomera: 14 — G. lasiostoma (Becker); 15 — G. mellina (Becker); 16 — G. montana Ozerov et Krivosheina; 17 — G. nigricorpus sp.n.; 18 — G. novgorodovae (Ozerov); 19 — G. nudipedis sp.n.

Figs 20–23. Male sternites 4 (lower) and 5 (upper) of Gimnomera: 20 — G. palliseta sp.n.; 21 — G. tarsea (Fallén); 22 — G. tibialis (Malloch); 23 — G. ziegleri (Ozerov). Рис. 20–23. Стерниты 4 (вниЗу) и 5 (вверху) самцов Gimnomera: 20 — G. palliseta sp.n.; 21 — G. tarsea (Fallén); 22 — G. tibialis (Malloch); 23 — G. ziegleri (Ozerov).

Figs 24–32. Epandrium, cercal plate and surstyli of Gimnomera spp.: 24–26 — G. alanica (Ozerov); 27–29 — G. albipila (Zetterstedt); 30 –32 — G. castanipes (Becker); 24, 27, 30 — dorsolateral view; 25, 28, 31 — lateral view; 26, 29, 32 — dorsal view. Рис. 24–32. Эпандрий, церки и сурстили Gimnomera spp.: 24–26 — G. alanica (Ozerov); 27–29 — G. albipila (Zetterstedt); 30–32 — G. castanipes (Becker); 24, 27, 30 — дорсолатерально; 25, 28, 31 — сбоку; 26, 29, 32 — сверху.

Figs 33–41. Epandrium, cercal plate and surstyli of Gimnomera spp.: 33–35 — G. cuneiventis (Zetterstedt); 36–38 — G. dorsata (Zetterstedt); 39–41 — G. hirta (Hendel); 33, 36, 39 — dorsolateral view; 34, 37, 40 — lateral view; 35, 38, 41— dorsal view. Рис. 33–41. Эпандрий, церки и сурстили Gimnomera spp.: 33–35 — G. cuneiventis (Zetterstedt); 36–38 — G. dorsata (Zetterstedt); 39–41 — G. hirta (Hendel); 33, 36, 39 — дорсолатерально; 34, 37, 40 — сбоку; 35, 38, 41 — сверху.

Figs 42–50. Epandrium, cercal plate and surstyli of Gimnomera spp.: 42–44 — G. lasiostoma (Becker); 45–47 — G. mellina (Becker); 48–50 — G. montana Ozerov et Krivosheina; 42, 45, 48 — epandrium, cerci and surstyli, dorsolateral view; 43, 46, 49 — same, lateral view; 44, 47, 50 — same, dorsal view. Рис. 42–50. Эпандрий, церки и сурстили Gimnomera spp.: 42–44 — G. lasiostoma (Becker); 45–47 — G. mellina (Becker); 48–50 — G. montana Ozerov et Krivosheina; 42, 45, 48 — Эпандрий, церки и сурстили, дорсолатерально; 43, 46, 49 — то же, сбоку; 44, 47, 50 — то же, сверху.

Figs 51–59. Epandrium, cercal plate and surstyli of Gimnomera spp.: 51–53 — G. nigricorpus sp.n.; 54–56 — G. novgorodovae (Ozerov); 57–59— G. nudipedis sp.n.; 51, 54, 57 — dorsolateral view; 52, 55, 58 — lateral view; 53, 56, 59 — dorsal view. Рис. 51–59. Эпандрий, церки и сурстили Gimnomera spp.: 51–53 — G. nigricorpus sp.n.; 54–56 — G. novgorodovae (Ozerov); 57–59— G. nudipedis sp.n.; 51, 54, 57 — дорсолатерально; 52, 55, 58 — сбоку; 53, 56, 59 — сверху.

Figs 60–68. Epandrium, cercal plate and surstyli of Gimnomera spp.: 60–62 — G. palliseta sp.n.; 63–65 — G. tarsea (Fallén); 66–68 — G. tibialis (Malloch); 60, 63, 66 — dorsolateral view; 61, 64, 67 — lateral view; 62, 65, 68 — dorsal view. Рис. 60–68. Эпандрий, церки и сурстили Gimnomera spp.: 60–62 — G. palliseta sp.n.; 63–65 — G. tarsea (Fallén); 66–68 — G. tibialis (Malloch); 60, 63, 66 — дорсолатерально; 61, 64, 67 — сбоку; 62, 65, 68 — сверху.

Figs 69–71. Epandrium, cercal plate and surstyli of G. ziegleri (Ozerov): 69 — dorsolateral view; 70 — lateral view; 71 — dorsal view. Рис. 69–71. Эпандрий, церки и сурстили G. ziegleri (Ozerov): 69 — дорсолатерально; 70 — сбоку; 71 — сверху.

Figs 6–7. Gimnomera hirta (Hendel): 6 — end of female abdomen, dorsal view; 7 — same, lateral view. Рис 6–7. Gimnomera hirta (Hendel): 6 — конец брюШка самки, сверху; 7 — то же, сбоку.