Tephritis praecox ( Loew, 1844 )

Korneyev, S. V., Mykytiuk, T. P., Bachynskiy, A. I. & Korneyev, V. A., 2023, First record of Tephritis praecox (Diptera: Tephritidae), a pest of Calendula (Asteraceae), in the mainland Ukraine, with remarks on its distribution, Ukrainska Entomofaunistyka (Oxford, England) 14 (3), pp. 37-40 : 38

Tephritis praecox ( Loew, 1844)

Trypeta praecox Loew, 1844: 391 .

Tephritis praecox : Loew, 1862: 102; Hendel, 1927: 194; Séguy, 1934: 163; Korneyev, 1987: 87; Freidberg, Kugler, 1989: 129; Merz, 1992: 228, 1993: 118, 1994: 74; Norrbom et al., 1999: 218; Korneyev, Dirlbek, 2001: 475; Yaran, Kütük, 2015: 1061, 2016: 791; Ebejer, Gatt, 2021: 42; Korneyev et al., 2021: 33 ; Mazzon, Korneyev, 2021; Yaran et al., 2021: 2235; Görmez, Kütük, 2022: 727; Kettani et al., 2022: 266.

Tephritis poecilura Loew, 1869: 21 ; Hendel, 1927: 193; Freidberg, Kugler, 1989: 126; Merz, 1992.

Material examined. Type. Lectotype Trypeta praecox : ♀; ГреціЯ: “Rhodes” (Coll. H. Loew) ( MNKB) . Holotype Tephritis poecilura : 1 ♂: “Spanien, v. Seidlitz” ( MNKB). Non-type. Azerbaijan: “Margushevan nr Terter”, 26.05.1935, 1♀; 10– 11.06.1935, 1♂, 1♀; 10– 11.06.1935, 1♂; 26.10.1935, 1♂, 8♀; 4– 13.11.1935, 7♂, 5♀; (Veltishchev) ( ZISP); Cyprus: Porodhromos, 1400–1600 m, 18.06.1971, 1♂, 2♀ (M. J. & J. P. Duf- fels) ( RMNH); Greece: “Graecia, v. Kiesenw.” 9♂, 5♀ (Coll. H. Loew) ( MNKB); Crete, 0m Vethianus 16.04.1991, 1♀; 420 m Larani, 21.04.1991, 1♀; 530 m, Kamares 21.04.1991, 1♂; 500 m Kato 22.04.1991, 1♂ (Merz & Eggenberger) ( ZISP); Sterea, prov. Fokida, Hrisom Amfissa, Village, 250 m, 38°28.9′ N 22°27.9′ E, 19.04.2003, 1♀ (C. Lange & J. Ziegler) ( MNKB);); Litochoro, Olympus, h= 800–850 m, 7.06.2002, 1♂, 2♀ (S. & V.Korneyev, E. Kameneva) ( SIZK); Georgia: “Tiflis” [=Tbilisi], 05,190 3, 1♀ (K. Satunin) ( ZISP); Iran: E. Azerb., rd. near Youzband, 38°44,41′ N 47°06,1′ E, h= 1580 m, 17.05.2014, 2♂, 4♀ (S. & V.Korneyev) ( SIZK); E. Azerb., Howrand, 38°46.08′ N 47°05.52′ E, h= 1725 m, 17.05.2014, 7♂, 4♀ (S. & V. Korneyev) ( SIZK); Qazvin, wetland at waterfall, 36°21.50′ N 50°03.42′ E, h = 1500 m, 7.06.2014, 1♂ (S. & V.Korneyev) ( SIZK); East Azerbaijan Province: Dizmar Protected Area , Chichakli val., 38°40.50′ N 46°32.05′ E, h = 2215 m, 26.06.2014, 1♂ (S. & V.Korneyev) ( SIZK); Spain: Andalusia, 2♀ (Staudinger) ( ZISP); La Palma, 47471. IV. 4♂ (Becker) ( MNKB); Andalusien, Algeciras, 1♂, 1♀ (Strobl) ( MNKB); Kazakhstan: Turkestan, 2♂, 1♀ ( MNKB); Kyrgyzstan: “Pishpek” [=Bish- kek], 29.06.1925, 1♀ (Rohdendorf) ( ZISP); Morocco: Haut-Atlas, 1900 m, Tizi n’Test S, 29– 30.06.1987, 2 ♀ (W. Schacht) ( ZSSM); Slovakia Trebišov, 48.607589ºN, 21.718052ºE, ex flower heads of Calendula officinalis , 14- 17.10.2021, 15♂, 16♀ (I. Šalamon) ( SIZK); Switzerland :

Geneve, Collonge-Bellerive , 5.08.1966, 1 ♂ (P. P. Babiy & Dolden) ( ZSSM) ; Tadjikistan: 5 km SW Adrasman, Qurama Ridge, Karamaza Mt. [40.63 N, 69.94 E], 22.05.1989, 2♂, 1♀ (Volkovich) ( ZISP) ; Tunisia: Manassy , 11,192 8, 11♂, 4♀ (C. Dumont) ( MHNP) ; Ukraine, Crimea: Karadagh , 25.07.1984, 1♂ [Budashkin] ; Sudak District, vic. Morskoe, Bashennyi [Agira] cape [44.813889, 34.745833], 15.09.2011, 2♂ (Yu. Guglya) ( SIZK) ; Uzbekistan: Samarkand Region, Kattakurgan District, Kumak , 21.05.1929, 2♂ (L. Zimin) ( ZISP) .

In November 2023, several specimens were surprisingly reared from the flower heads of marigolds planted for 3 years in Ternopil Region: Nyrkiv (48.8113 N, 25.5971 E). These flies were photographed (Figs 1–2) by TPM, up- loaded on UkrBIN (2023) site by AB and identified from photos by VAK; identification was confirmed by SVK. The flies were apparently introduced to the mainland Ukraine with the seeds of unknown origin .

Distribution: Albania, Austria, Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, France, Georgia, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Italy (peninsular, Sicily, Sardinia), Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Morocco, the Netherlands, Romania, Spain (peninsular, Canary Is.), Switzerland, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, United Kingdom ( Merz, 1992; Merz, Korneyev, 2004; Korneyev, 2016), Portugal (peninsular, Madeira) ( Smit, 2006), N Iran ( Mohamadzade Namin, Korneyev, 2018); Algeria ( El Harym, Belqat, 2017), Malta ( Ebejer, Gatt, 2021), Slovakia ( Korneyev et al., 2021).

Host plants: the larva develops in the inflorescences of Calendula arvensis ( Freidberg, Kugler, 1989) and C. officinalis . A report of Filago gallica ( Mik, 1880: 597) as the host plant apparently refers to another species of the tribe Tephritini .