Estheria wangi Zhang & Liang, 2019

Zhang, Chun-Tian, Shima, Hiroshi, Liang, Hou-Can & Li, He-Nan, 2019, Four new species of Estheria Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Tachinidae) from China and Nepal, with a review of the East Palearctic and Oriental species, Zootaxa 4603 (1), pp. 1-38 : 10-12

Estheria wangi Zhang & Liang , sp. nov.

( Figs. 4 , 16 , 28 , 40 , 56 , 68 , 77, 81 , 95 , 110 )

Diagnosis. Prementum 6–8 times as long as wide; 3 presutural and 4 postsutural dorsocentral setae; lower calypter with long fringe on outer margin; male legs black except for reddish-brown median part of tibia; female femora usually dark brown, tibiae of both sexes reddish-brown except for base dark; abdominal tergite 3 with a pair of triangular dark brown markings, tergites 3 and 4 with two pairs of median discal setae in males and one pair in females.

Description. Body length: 8.0–11.0 mm.

Male. Head. Frontal vitta, parafacialia and gena covered with grayish-white pruinosity; antenna brown-black, sometimes base of 1 st flagellomere reddish-brown; arista and lunule reddish-brown; palpus dark brown. Eye bare. Frons at narrowest point 1–2 times as wide as anterior ocellus; parafacialia about twice as wide as 1 st flagellomere in anterior view; facial carina slightly developed, narrowly flat and straight in upper part, with nipple-like protrusion in lower part; genal height at most 0.55–0.65 of eye height; 9–11 pairs of inclinate, crossed frontal setae, lowest one slightly above base of scape; proclinate ocellar setae 0.6–0.7 of eye height, stronger than frontal setae; inner and outer vertical setae hair-like; vibrissa inserted above lower margin of face, distance between vibrissa and lower margin of face greater than length of 1 st flagellomere ; 2–4 postocellar setae, anterior two slender, posterior two strong; occiput flat, mostly with pale yellow hairs, upper occiput with 1–2 rows of black hairs below row of postocular setulae. 1 st flagellomere 1.5–2 times as long as wide, 1.2–1.5 times as long as pedicel, pedicel with a strong seta which is about as long as antenna; arista including plumosity 2–2.5 times as wide as 1 st flagellomere , at most thickened on basal 1/4; palpus stick-like, about as long as antenna; prementum 6–8 times as long as wide; labella small.

Thorax black, only covered with grayish-white pruinosity; dorsum with 4 longitudinal black vittae, the pruinose portion between inner and outer vittae 3–5 times as wide as narrow inner vitta; scutellum dark brown, at most apex reddish-yellow, covered with grayish-white to grayish-yellow pruinosity. Prosternum and proepisternum bare; 3–4 postpronotal setae, the strongest three arranged in a triangle, 2–3 presutural and 2 postsutural acrostichal setae; usually 3 presutural and 4 postsutural dorsocentral setae; 2 postsutural intra-alar setae, anterior one smaller; 2 supra-alar setae; 3 katepisternal setae; anepimeron with a weak seta; katepimeron hairy. Scutellum with 3 pairs of marginal setae and a pair of discal setae, two crossed apical scutellar setae longer than scutellum, slightly longer than subapical scutellar seta, basal scutellar seta 1.4–1.7 times as long as scutellum. Wing hyaline, brownish, tegula black, basicosta dark brown; calypter yellowish white. Lower calypter with yellow long fringe on outer margin (or sometimes with black hairs along outer margin). Costal spine absent; 2nd costal sector usually bare ventrally; relative lengths of 2nd, 3rd and 4th costal sectors approximately 1:2.2:1; base of vein R 4+5 with 3–4 setulae ventrally, vein M at bend nearly right-angled, with an appendix which is shorter than crossvein r-m; vein M from dM-Cu crossvein to its bend about 1.2 times distance between bend and wing margin cell r 4+5 open at wing margin. Legs black except for reddish-brown median parts of tibiae, pulvilli yellow. Fore tibia with a row of anterodorsal setae on basal 2/3 and 2 median posterior setae; fore claws and pulvilli about equal to 4th and 5th tarsomeres combined; mid tibia with 1 strong anterodorsal, 2 posterior and 1 ventral setae; hind tibia with a row of 5–6 (2 strong) anterodorsal, 4 posterodorsal and 2 ventral setae, 1 preapical anteroventral and 2 preapical dorsal setae.

Abdomen long ovate, brownish-black, covered with yellowish-gray or grayish-white pruinosity; tergite 3 with a pair of triangular dark brown markings; tergite 4 with small dark triangular markings or without markings. Syntergite 1+2 excavated to posterior margin, with a pair of lateral marginal setae, without median marginal setae; tergites with suberect short black hairs, tergite 3 with 2 median marginal setae, 2 lateral marginal setae and usually 4 (sometimes 3 or 6) median discal setae; tergite 4 with 1–2 pairs of discal setae and a row of marginal setae; tergite 5 with rows of discal and marginal setae. Terminalia ( Figs 4 , 16 , 28 , 40 ). Sternite 5 wide quadrangular, posterior lobe wide, bluntly rounded at apex, V-shaped median cleft shallow and wide. Cerci separated, apical half narrow and pointed; surstylus long, slightly rounded and bluntly pointed at apex in caudal view; pregonite short and bent posteriorly; postgonite about as long as basiphallus; distiphallus long, plate-like, sclerotized basal part about 3 times as long as membranous apical part; ejaculatory apodeme less than 1/3 of length of aedeagal apodeme.

Female. As male, except as follows: frons wider than eye; gena 0.8–1.0 of eye height; 2 strong proclinate orbital setae and 1 lateroclinate prevertical seta; outer vertical seta about 1/2 as long as inner vertical seta. First flagellomere about 1.2 times as long as pedicel. Palpi sometimes reddish-brown. Three supra-alar setae; femora dark, sometimes reddish-brown; tibiae reddish-brown except for base dark; fore claws and pulvilli shorter than 5th tarsomere; mid femur with 1 anterior seta. Abdomen ovate, tergites 3 and 4 each with a pair of median discal setae.

Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂: China: Yunnan prov., Shangri-la [in Chinese] / Napahai [in Chinese] 3200 / 2010.VIII.17 / Q.Wang coll. [in Chinese] [printed white label] // SNYU34144 [printed white label] // Holotype [printed red label] // Estheria ♂ / wangi sp. n. [handwritten] / C.-T. Zhang det. [in Chinese], 2015 / Zhang det., 2015 [printed] [white label] ( SYNU) .

PARATYPES. China, Sichuan: 1 ♀, Kangding county, Laoyulin village–Mt. Zheduo , 3132–3231 m, N29.94° E101.96°, 10.VIII.2017, C.-T. Zhang leg. ( SYNU) ; 5 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, Kangding, Mt. Zheduo–Mt. Paoma , 2100–3800 m, 16.VIII.2018, C.-T. Zhang & Y.-Z. Zhang leg. ( SYNU) . Xizang (= Tibet): 1 ♂, Rikaze, Yadong county , 2800–3000 m, VI.1992, T.-Y. Guo leg. ( CAU) ; 2 ♂♂, same as previous except 19–21.VIII.2014, Q. Wang leg. ( SYNU) ; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Milin county, Paizhen , 3000 m, 7.VIII.2003, M.-F. Wang leg. ( SYNU) ; 1 ♂, Médog, Duoxiongla Mountains , 3600–4200 m, 8.VIII.2003, M.-F. Wang leg. ( SYNU) ; 2 ♀♀, Linzi, Linzi Town , 3300–3400 m, 11.VIII.2013, C.-T. Zhang & X.-Y. Li leg. ( SYNU) ; 10 ♂♂, Milin, Nanyigou , 2950–3100 m, 16.VIII.2013, C.-T. Zhang & X.-Y. Li leg. ( SYNU) ; 8 ♀♀, Milin, Xuekagou , 2850–2900 m, 17.VIII.2013, C.-T. Zhang & X.-Y. Li leg. ( SYNU) ; 3 ♂♂, Linzhi, Gongbujiangda , 3200–3500 m, 16–17.VIII.2013, P. Hou leg. ( SYNU) . Yunnan: 7 ♂♂, 1 ♀, same data as holotype ( SYNU) . Pakistan: 1 ♀, NW Front. Prov., near Kawai- Dasu , 1200 m, 22.VII.1987, H. Kurahashi ( BLKU) .

Etymology. This species is dedicated to Prof. Ming-fu Wang of Shenayng Normal University, for his contributions to the Dipterology of China.

Distribution. China (Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan), Pakistan.

Remarks. This species is similar to E. magna (Baranov) in appearance, but differs by its smaller size, longer prementum, 1 st flagellomere and palpi dark brown, 2 supra-alar setae in male, abdominal tergites 3 and 4 usually with two pairs of median discal setae in the male and one pair in female.

Figures

FIGURES 1–12. Male terminalia of Estheria spp. in caudal view. 1. E. hirtinerva sp. nov., paratype from Geka-Echu Mountains, Daocheng, Sichuan, China (SYNU). 2. E. prostata sp. nov., paratype from Gezan, Shangri-La, Yunnan, China (SYNU). 3. E. tibetensis sp. nov., paratype from Geka- Echu Mountains, Daocheng, Sichuan, China (SYNU). 4. E. wangi sp. nov., paratype from Napahai wetland, Shangri-La, Yunnan, China (SYNU). 5. E. acuta (Portschinsky), specimen from Hunyuan, Shanxi, China (SYNU). 6. E. cristata (Meigen), specimen from Baden-Willingen, Germany (SMNS). 7. E. decolor (Pandellé), specimen from Dongsheng, Inner Mongolia, China (SYNU). 8. E. flavipennis Herting, specimen from Xi Ujimqin Qi, Inner Mongolia, China (IZCAS). 9. E. maculipennis Herting, specimen from Dong Ujimqin Qi, Inner Mongolia, China (IZCAS). 10. E. magna (Baranov), specimen from Mt. Fenghuang, Fengcheng, Liaoning, China (SYNU). 11. E. pallicornis (Loew), specimen from Shule, Xinjiang, China (GSFPM). 12. E. petiolata (Bonsdorff), specimen from Kanas Lake, Burqin, Xinjiang, China (SEMCAS). Scale bars = 0.2 mm.

FIGURES 13–24. Male terminalia of Estheria spp. in lateral view. 13. E. hirtinerva sp. nov., paratype from Geka-Echu Mountains, Daocheng, Sichuan, China (SYNU). 14. E. prostata sp. nov., paratype from Gezan, Shangri-La, Yunnan, China (SYNU). 15. E. tibetensis sp. nov., paratype from Geka- Echu Mountains, Daocheng, Sichuan, China (SYNU). 16. E. wangi sp. nov., paratype from Napahai wetland, Shangri-La, Yunnan, China (SYNU). 17. E. acuta (Portschinsky), specimen from Hunyuan, Shanxi, China (SYNU). 18. E. cristata (Meigen), specimen from Baden-Willingen, Germany (SMNS). 19. E. decolor (Pandellé), specimen from Dongsheng, Inner Mongolia, China (SYNU). 20. E. flavipennis Herting, specimen from Xi Ujimqin Qi, Inner Mongolia, China (IZCAS). 21. E. maculipennis Herting, specimen from Dong Ujimqin Qi, Inner Mongolia, China (IZCAS). 22. E. magna (Baranov), specimen from Mt. Fenghuang, Fengcheng, Liaoning, China (SYNU). 23. E. pallicornis (Loew), specimen from Shule, Xinjiang, China (GSFPM). 24. E. petiolata (Bonsdorff), specimen from Kanas Lake, Burqin, Xinjiang, China (SEMCAS). Scale bars = 0.2 mm.

FIGURES 25–36. Estheria spp., phallic complexes in lateral view. 25. E. hirtinerva sp. nov., paratype from Geka-Echu Mountains, Daocheng, Sichuan, China (SYNU). 26. E. prostata sp. nov., paratype from Gezan, Shangri-La, Yunnan, China (SYNU). 27. E. tibetensis sp. nov., paratype from Geka- Echu Mountains, Daocheng, Sichuan, China (SYNU). 28. E. wangi sp. nov., paratype from Napahai wetland, Shangri-La, Yunnan, China (SYNU). 29. E. acuta (Portschinsky), speciumen from Hunyuan, Shanxi, China (SYNU). 30. E. cristata (Meigen), specimen from Baden-Willingen, Germany (SMNS). 31. E. decolor (Pandellé), specimen from Dongsheng, Inner Mongolia, China (SYNU). 32. E. flavipennis Herting, specimen from Xi Ujimqin Qi, Inner Mongolia, China (IZCAS). 33. E. maculipennis Herting, specimen from Dong Ujimqin Qi, Inner Mongolia, China (IZCAS). 34. E. magna (Baranov), specimen from Mt. Fenghuang, Fengcheng, Liaoning, China (SYNU). 35. E. pallicornis (Loew), specimen from Shule, Xinjiang, China (GSFPM). 36. E. petiolata (Bonsdorff), specimen from Kanas Lake, Burqin, Xinjiang, China (SEMCAS). Scale bars = 0.2 mm.

FIGURES 37–52. Male terminalia of Estheria spp. 37–48, 52. Sternite 5 in ventral view. 49–50. Epandrial complex in caudal (49) and lateral (50) views. 51. Phallic complex in lateral view. 37. E. hirtinerva sp. nov., paratype from Geka-Echu Mountains, Daocheng, Sichuan, China (SYNU). 38. E. prostata sp. nov., paratype from Gezan, Shangri-La, Yunnan, China (SYNU). 39. E. tibetensis sp. nov., paratype from Geka- Echu Mountains, Daocheng, Sichuan, China (SYNU). 40. E. wangi sp. nov., paratype from Napahai wetland, Shangri-La, Yunnan, China (SYNU). 41. E. acuta (Portschinsky), specimen from Hunyuan, Shanxi, China (SYNU); 42. E. cristata (Meigen), specimen from Baden-Willingen, Germany (SMNS). 43. E. decolor (Pandellé), specimen from Dongsheng, Inner Mongolia, China (SYNU). 44. E. flavipennis Herting, specimen from Xi Ujimqin Qi, Inner Mongolia, China (IZCAS). 45. E. maculipennis Herting, specimen from Dong Ujimqin Qi, Inner Mongolia, China (IZCAS). 46. E. magna (Baranov), specimen from Mt. Fenghuang, Fengcheng, Liaoning, China (SYNU). 47. E. pallicornis (Loew), specimen from Shule, Xinjiang, China (GSFPM). 48. E. petiolata (Bonsdorff), specimen from Kanas Lake, Burqin, Xinjiang, China (SEMCAS). 49–52. E. picta (Meigen), specimen from Dong Ujimqin Qi, Inner Mongolia, China (IZCAS). Scale bars = 0.2 mm.

FIGURES 53–64. Estheria spp., male heads in anterior view. 53. E. hirtinerva sp. nov., paratype from Solukhumbu District, Nepal (BLKU). 54. E. prostata sp. nov., holotype (SYNU). 55. E. tibetensis sp. nov., paratype from Pianma, Yakou, Lushui, Yunnan, China (SYNU). 56. E. wangi sp. nov., holotype (SYNU). 57. E. acuta (Portschinsky), specimen from Hunyuan, Shanxi, China (SYNU). 58. E. cristata (Meigen), specimen from Baden-Willingen, Germany (SMNS). 59. E. decolor (Pandellé), specimen from Dongsheng, Inner Mongolia, China (SYNU). 60. E. flavipennis Herting, specimen from Xi Ujimqin Qi, Inner Mongolia, China (IZCAS). 61. E. maculipennis Herting, specimen from Dong Ujimqin Qi, Inner Mongolia, China (IZCAS). 62. E. magna (Baranov), specimen from Baishilazi, Kuandian, Liaoning, China (SYNU). 63. E. pallicornis (Loew), specimen from Shule, Xinjiang, China (GSFPM). 64. E. petiolata (Bonsdorff), specimen from Briançon, Nevache, France (SMNS).

FIGURES 65–73. Estheria spp., female heads in anterior view. 65. E. hirtinerva sp. nov., paratype from Duoxiongla Mountain, Paizhen, Milin to Médog, Tibet, China (SYNU). 66. E. prostata sp. nov., paratype from Xuekagou, Milin, Tibet, China (SYNU). 67. E. tibetensis sp. nov., paratype from Pianma, Yakou, Lushui, Yunnan, China (SYNU). 68. E. wangi sp. nov., paratype from Xuekagou, Milin, Tibet, China (SYNU). 69. E. cristata (Meigen), specimen from Baden-Willingen, Germany (SMNS). 70. E. flavipennis Herting, specimen from Huanren, Laotudingzi Mountains, Liaoning, China (SYNU). 71. E. magna (Baranov), specimen from Baishilazi, Kuandian, Liaoning, China (SYNU). 72. E. pallicornis (Loew), specimen from Alashanzuo Qi, Helan Mountain, Halawu, Inner Mongolia, China (SYNU). 73. E. petiolata (Bonsdorff), specimen from Briançon, Nevache, France (SMNS). Scale bars = 0.5 mm (Figs 65–66, 69–72); 1.0 mm (Figs 67–68, 73).

FIGURES 74–82. Estheria spp., heads in lateral view. 74, 78. E. hirtinerva sp. nov., paratypes, male (74)from Solukhumbu Dist., Nepal and female (78) from Duoxiongla Mountain, Paizhen, Milin to Médog, Tibet, China (SYNU). 75, 79. E. prostata sp. nov., holotype ♂ (75) and female paratype (79) from Xuekagou, Milin, Tibet, China (SYNU). 76, 80. E. tibetensis sp. nov., paratypes, male (76) and female (80) from Pianma, Yakou, Lushui, Yunnan, China (SYNU). 77, 81. E. wangi sp. nov., holotype ♂ (77) from Napahai, Shangri-La, Yunnan and female paratype (81) from Xuekagou, Milin, Tibet, China (SYNU). 82. E. magna (Baranov), female from Baishilazi, Kuandian, Liaoning, China (SYNU).

FIGURES 92–106. Estheria spp., male habitus in dorsal (92–104) and lateral (106) view; head in anterior view (105). 92. E. hirtinerva sp. nov., paratype from Solukhumbu District, Nepal (BLKU). 93. E. prostata sp. nov., holotype (SYNU). 94. E. tibetensis sp. nov., paratype from Pianma, Yakou, Lushui, Yunnan, China (SYNU). 95. E. wangi sp. nov., holotype (SYNU). 96. E. acuta (Portschinsky), specimen from Hunyuan, Shanxi, China (SYNU). 97. E. cristata (Meigen), specimen from Baden- Willingen, Germany (SMNS). 98. E. decolor (Pandellé), specimen from Dongsheng, Inner Mongolia, China (SYNU). 99. E. flavipennis Herting, specimen from Xi Ujimqin Qi, Inner Mongolia, China (IZCAS). 100. E. maculipennis Herting, specimen from Dong Ujimqin Qi, Inner Mongolia, China (IZCAS). 101. E. magna (Baranov), specimen from Baishilazi, Kuandian, Liaoning, China (SYNU). 102. E. pallicornis (Loew), specimen from Alashanzuo Qi, Helan Mountain, Halawu, Inner Mongolia, China (SYNU). 103. E. petiolata (Bonsdorff), specimen from Briançon, Nevache, France (SMNS). 104–106. E. picta (Meigen), specimen from Dong Ujimqin Qi, Inner Mongolia, China (IZCAS).

FIGURES 107–118. Estheria spp., male habitus in lateral view. 107. E. hirtinerva sp. nov., paratype from Solukhumbu District, Nepal (BLKU). 108. E. prostata sp. nov., holotype (SYNU). 109. E. tibetensis sp. nov., paratype from Pianma, Yakou, Lushui, Yunnan, China (SYNU). 110. E. wangi sp. nov., holotype (SYNU). 111. E. acuta (Portschinsky), specimen from Hunyuan, Shanxi, China (SYNU). 112. E. cristata (Meigen), specimen from Baden-Willingen, Germany (SMNS). 113. E. decolor (Pandellé), specimen from Dongsheng, Inner Mongolia, China (SYNU). 114. E. flavipennis Herting, specimen from Xi Ujimqin Qi, Inner Mongolia, China (IZCAS). 115. E. maculipennis Herting, specimen from Dong Ujimqin Qi, Inner Mongolia, China (IZCAS). 116. E. magna (Baranov), specimen from Baishilazi, Kuandian, Liaoning, China (SYNU). 117. E. pallicornis (Loew), specimen from Alashanzuo Qi, Helan Mountain, Halawu, Inner Mongolia, China (SYNU). 118. E. petiolata (Bonsdorff), specimen from Briançon, Nevache, France (SMNS).