Rhinolophus lepidus Blyth, 1844

Voon-Ching Lim, Rosli Ramli, Subha Bhassu & John-James Wilson, 2017, A checklist of the bats of Peninsular Malaysia and progress towards a DNA barcode reference library, PLoS ONE 12 (7), pp. 1-65 : 31-32

Rhinolophus lepidus Blyth, 1844

Rhinolophus lepidus Blyth, 1844: 486 ; Calcutta , INDIA (Collector unknown; Type unknown) [ 160] .

Rhinolophus refulgens Andersen, 1905: 124 , pl. 4; Gunung Igari , Perak, MALAYSIA, 2000 ft. (A. L. Butlerm Esq., presenter; BM(NH) 1898.11.29.2) [ 161].

Rhinolophus lepidus refulgens [ 9].

Common English name: Blyth’s Horseshoe Bat

Barcode Index Number: BOLD:AAB9127 (5 DNA barcodes from Peninsular Malaysia; Fig 5 )

Remarks: DNA barcodes of R. lepidus are associated with three BINs (BOLD:AAB9127, BOLD:ABZ1016 and BOLD:ABZ2266; Fig 5 ). The BIN, BOLD:ABZ1016 contains DNA barcodes recorded as R. lepidus and R. pusillus .

Some authors considered R. refulgens as a subspecies of R. lepidus [ 9, 11, 12] while some considered them to be distinct [ 50, 67]. Our NJ analysis ( Fig 5 ) suggested that the DNA barcodes recorded as R. lepidus from Peninsular Malaysia may be distinct from DNA barcodes recorded as R. lepidus from Indochina. Similarly, Bumrungsri et al. [ 162] commented that R. lepidus from Peninsular Malaysia may represent a distinct taxon and the appropriate name would be R. refulgens based on the type locality. Due to the lack of DNA barcodes from the type locality of R. lepidus , India for comparison, we could not determine if DNA barcodes from Peninsular Malaysia represent the nominate R. lepidus or R. refulgens . Consequently, we tentatively retained only the name R. lepidus in this checklist ( Fig 5 ).

IUCN status: Least Concern

Recorded at: Pahang: Krau Wildlife Reserve [ 11, 42], Kuala Atok, National Park [ 44], Lata Bujang Forest Reserve [ 56], Cameron Highland [ 60], Pulau Tioman [ 79], Bukit Ibam, Kemasul, Jengka, Klau Besar, Kenong and Gunung Aais [ 100]; Terengganu: Pasir Raja, Dungun [ 15], Tasik Kenyir [ 69], Gunung Tebu Forest Reserve [ 101]; Perak: Temengor Forest Reserve [ 46, 47, 111], Temenggor Lake [ 69]; Perlis: Wang Kelian State Park, [ 50], Gunung Stong State Park [ 100]; Selangor: Bukit Kutu Wildlife Reserve [ 51], Semangkok Forest Reserve [ 101]; Johor: Endau-Kota Tinggi Forest Reserve [ 56], Labis Forest Reserve [ 100]; Kedah: Ulu Muda Forest Reserve [ 57, 100], Bukit Hijau [ 100]; Kelantan: Air Panas-Gua Musang [ 61], Gunung Reng and Gua Musang [ 62]; Melaka: Unspecified [ 68]; Pulau Pinang: Bukit Panchor [ 100]; Negeri Sembilan: Gunung Angsi Forest Reserve [ 100, 101], Berembun Forest Reserve [ 101].

As R. refulgens : Perak: Maxwell Hill [ 23]; Pahang: Pulau Tioman [ 23], Krau Wildlife Reserve [ 41]; Johor: Pulau Pemanggil and Pulau Aur [ 23]; Negeri Sembilan: Pasoh Forest Reserve [ 45]; Kelantan: Gunung Stong State Park [ 67].

R. lepidus inhabits mature lowland and hill forests and has been reported roosting in caves and rock crevices, often with R. stheno [ 11, 14]

Figures

Fig 5. Neighbour-joining tree showing all available DNA barcodes for species in family Rhinolophidae reported from Peninsular Malaysia. The percentage of pseudoreplicate trees (±70%) in which the DNA barcodes clustered together in the bootstrap test (500 pseudoreplicates) are shown above the branches. Abbreviation as follows: PM = Peninsular Malaysia,VN = Vietnam, BN = Borneo (including Sabah & Sarawak of East Malaysia, Brunei and Kalimantan Indonesia), TH = Thailand, LA = Laos, SM = Sumatera Indonesia, JV = Java Indonesia, IND = India, CH = China, CM = Cambodia,MN = Myanmar. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0179555.g005