Osmia (Hoplosmia) spinigera Latreille 1811

Müller, Andreas, 2018, Palaearctic Osmia bees of the subgenus Hoplosmia (Megachilidae, Osmiini): biology, taxonomy and key to species, Zootaxa 4415 (2), pp. 297-329 : 308-309

Osmia (Hoplosmia) spinigera Latreille 1811

Osmia spinigera Latreille 1811: 584 . Type material: Holotype ♂, “Égypte” (Egypt), type depository unknown ( Tkalců, 1974a). Osmia clavicula Gerstaecker 1869: 347 . Type material: Lectotype #m, by designation of Tkalců (1974a), “Naxos” (Greece), Museum für Naturkunde Berlin. Synonymy in Tkalců (1974a).

Literature records. MACEDONIA: A. Gogala (personal communication) . GREECE, Aegean Islands: Rhodos ( Mavromoustakis 1959) . TURKEY: Erzincan: Kemaliye ( Özbek & Zanden 1992) . LEBANON: Tkalců (1974a).

New records. GREECE: Central Macedonia: Litochoro, Plaka, 10– 28.7.1988 (leg. S. Risch) ; Attica: Sounion , 3.6.1963, 15.6.1966 (leg. W. Schläfle) ; Western Greece: Patras , 11.6.1963 (leg. W. Schläfle) ; Olympia, Alfios valley , 5.7.1996 (leg. W. Arens) ; Neochori , 6 km S Zacharo, 18.6.1997 (P. Hartmann) ; Peloponnese: Methoni, Castro, 9.5.1995 (leg. W. Arens) ; Sparta, Amyklai, 19.5.1995 (leg. W. Arens); Examilia, Korinth, 14.6.1995 (leg. W. Arens); Stymphalia , 15.6.1995 (leg. W. Arens) ; Kap Tenaro, Mani, 7.6.1996 (leg. W. Arens); Voidokilia near Pylos , 30.6.1996 (leg. W. Arens) ; 40 km N Tripoli, Scotini , 3.7.1996 (leg. M. Halada) ; 20 km W Kalamata, Peialidi , 6.7.1996 (leg. M. Halada) ; Mantinea , 7.7.2000 (leg. W. Arens) ; Ghialova , 5.5.2007 (leg. J. Smit) ; Aegean Islands: Chios, Managros, 16.5.2012 (leg. P. Toutziarakis) ; Kea, Poisses-Koundouros, 27.6.2013 (leg. T. Petanidou); Lesbos, Sigri, 29.5.2005 (leg. A. Grace); Limnos, Phalakros, 12.6.2012 (leg. A. Chroni, T. Tscheulin); Naxos, Sagri, 13.6.2012 (leg. I. Vavitsas). BULGARIA: Stara Zagora, 21.6.1963 (leg. Z. Pedr) ; Slantschev Brjag ,, 10.6.1972 (leg. M. Kocourek) ; Albena , 14.7.1976 (leg. B. Tkalců) ; Kardzali, Balabanovo , 350 m, 22.6.2007 (leg. M. Halada) . TURKEY: Istanbul : Istanbul, 29.7.1965 (leg. K. Warncke) ; Mugla: Knidos , 18.4.1981 (leg. K. Warncke) ; Baffa lake , 19.4.1996 (leg. P. Hartmann) ; 4 km ENE Ortaca , 400 m, 25.5.2000 (leg. J. Smit) ; Eskisehir: Inönü , 1.8.1991 (leg. K. Warncke) ; Isparta: Karakus Dagi centr., 1460 m, 11.7.2006 (leg. M. Halada) ; Antalya: Side , 8 – 20.6.1985 (leg. N. Mohr) ; Ankara : Ankara, 16.6.2006 (leg. E. Scheuchl) ; Mersin: Kiskalesi bei Silifke , 9– 13.5.1988 (leg. N. Mohr) ; between Sarikaya and Sarikayak , 920 m, 22.5.2005 (leg. E. Scheuchl) ; Limonlu , 23.5.2005 (leg. E. Scheuchl) ; Erzurum: Ispir , 28.6.2008 (leg. J. Rozen) . SYRIA: Tartus, 25.5.1996 (leg. M. Halada) . ISRAEL AND PALESTINE: Northern District: Golan , 2 km NW Hamat Gader, 3.5.2010 (leg. C. Sedivy, C. Praz) ; Upper Galilee, Nahal Ga ´ton, 2 km N Ga ´ton, 240m, 20.5.2011 (leg. S. Risch) ; Lake Tiberias, 2 km NNE Tiberias , - 70 m, 25.5.2011 (leg. S. Risch) ; Jordan Valley, Tel Qazir, - 158 m, 26.5.2011 (leg. A. Dorchin) ; Lower Galilee, W Moreshet , 250 m, 28.5.2011 (leg. S. Risch) ; W Moreshet , 255 m, 28.5.2011 (leg. A. Dorchin) ; Lower Galilee, 1.3 km N Tiv'on , 209m, 7.6.2011 (leg. A. Dorchin) ; Hermon, Majdal Shams, 9.7.2011 (leg. G. Pisanty). Haifa District: 22 km S Haifa, Nasholim , 18.5.1996 (leg. M. Hauser) ; Northern Coastal Plain, Ma'agan Mikhael, 7 m, 4.6.2011 (leg. A. Dorchin) ; Central District: Nes Tsiyona , 31.3.2009 (leg. A. Dorchin) ; Beit Hanan , 26.4.2009 (leg. A. Dorchin) ; Tel Yizhaq NR, 20 m, 13.4.2010 (leg. A. Dorchin) ; 1.75 km SW of Gan Soreq , 18 m, 6.5.2010 (leg. A. Dorchin); Tel Aviv District : Tel Aviv, 3 – 10.4.1988 (leg. Guichard) ; Tel Yizhaq , 20 m, 21.5.2011 (leg. A. Dorchin) ; Jerusalem District: Judean Foothills, Neve Shalom, 14.5.2009 (leg. G. Bartana) ; Judean Foothills, Tal Shahar, 26.4.2010 (leg. L. Gal); Jerusalem, Emek HaArazim , 1.5.2010 (leg. C. Sedivy, C. Praz) ; West Bank: Geva'ot, HaKhurkhar NP, 50 m, 1.4.2010 (leg. A. Dorchin) ; Yehuda mountains, En Perat, 630 m E Anatot , 1.5.2013 (leg. A. Dorchin, D. Bénon, V. Trunz) ; Southern District: Iris Yeroham NR, 555 m, 28.3.2010 (leg. A. Dorchin) ; Negev Mountains, 16 km SE Mizpe Ramon , 815 m, 3.5.2011 (leg. A. Dorchin) ; Negev Mt., Nahal Nizana, 10 km WSW Mizpe Ramon , 29.4.2013 (leg. A. Dorchin, D. Bénon, V. Trunz). JORDAN : Jordan Valley, Mubalath , 18.4– 27.4.1996 (leg. M. Halada) ; Jordan Valley, 20 km S North Shuna, Tall Al Arbatin , 19.4.1996 (leg. M. Halada) ; Jordan Valley, South Shuna , 25– 26.4.1996 (leg. M. Halada) ; Jordan Valley, Dayr Alla, 27.4.1996 (leg. M. Halada) ; 10 km N Jerash, 20.4.2002 (leg. M. Snizek) ; Al-Shawbak , 18.4.2007 (leg. C. Praz, C. Sedivy, A. Müller) ; Wadi al Hasa S of Al-Karak, 20.4.2007 (leg. C. Praz, C. Sedivy, A. Müller) ; Jordan Valley, Tabaqat Fahl, 24.4.2007, 1 m (leg. C. Praz, C. Sedivy, A. Müller) ; 20 km SW Madaba, 400m, 26.5.2007 (leg. Z. Kejval) .

Distribution. From the Balkan Peninsula ( Macedonia, Greece, Bulgaria) eastwards to eastern Turkey and from Turkey southwards to the Levant ( Syria, Lebanon, Israel and Palestine, Jordan) and northern Egypt.

Pollen hosts. Oligolectic on Asteraceae (based on 29 pollen loads from 23 different localities in Greece, Israel, Jordan and Syria and on field observations). Twenty-seven pollen loads exclusively consisted of pollen of Carduoideae ( Centaurea and/or thistles), while the other two loads also contained pollen of Asteroideae (n = 1) and Cichorioideae (n = 1), suggesting that O. spinigera exhibits a strong preference for Carduoideae as pollen hosts ( Fig. 2 ), but occasionally also exploits flowers of Asteroideae and Cichorioideae . Flower records: Pallenis spinosa ( Mavromoustakis 1959) , Centaurea crocodylium , C. hyalolepis , C. iberica , C. pallescens , C. procurrens , C. spinosa , Glebionis coronaria , Silybum marianum (label records).

Nesting biology. The nests are built in empty snail shells of medium size, e.g. Theba pisana (H. Wiesbauer personal communication). In sand dune areas in Western Greece near Patras, where the temperature of the soil surface reaches 50–60°C on sunny days, the females preferentially nested in shells lying in the shade of small shrubs; if the shells lay openly on the hot sandy ground, the females rolled their nests to sun-protected places under shrubs, probably to protect them from overheating (H. Wiesbauer personal communication). Cell partitions and nest plug are constructed from leaf pulp.

Figures

FIGURES 1–4. Flower-visiting females of Osmia (Hoplosmia). 1: Osmia spinulosa on Buphthalmum salicifolium (Asteroideae). 2: Osmia spinigera on Centaurea spec. (Carduoideae; photo H. Wiesbauer). 3: Osmia bidentata on Centaurea spec.(Carduoideae; photo A. Gogala).4: Osmia pinguison Inula spec.(Asteroideae).